74 research outputs found
The Ischemic Stroke Genetics Study (ISGS) Protocol
BACKGROUND: The molecular basis for the genetic risk of ischemic stroke is likely to be multigenic and influenced by environmental factors. Several small case-control studies have suggested associations between ischemic stroke and polymorphisms of genes that code for coagulation cascade proteins and platelet receptors. Our aim is to investigate potential associations between hemostatic gene polymorphisms and ischemic stroke, with particular emphasis on detailed characterization of the phenotype. METHODS/DESIGN: The Ischemic Stroke Genetic Study is a prospective, multicenter genetic association study in adults with recent first-ever ischemic stroke confirmed with computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging. Patients are evaluated at academic medical centers in the United States and compared with sex- and age-matched controls. Stroke subtypes are determined by central blinded adjudication using standardized, validated mechanistic and syndromic classification systems. The panel of genes to be tested for polymorphisms includes β-fibrinogen and platelet glycoprotein Ia, Iba, and IIb/IIIa. Immortalized cell lines are created to allow for time- and cost-efficient testing of additional candidate genes in the future. DISCUSSION: The study is designed to minimize survival bias and to allow for exploring associations between specific polymorphisms and individual subtypes of ischemic stroke. The data set will also permit the study of genetic determinants of stroke outcome. Having cell lines will permit testing of future candidate risk factor genes
The Making of the English Middle Class: Business, Society and Family Life in London, 1660–1730. By
Donna B. Hamilton and Richard Strier, eds. Religion, Literature, and Politics in Post-Reformation England, 1540–1688. New York: Cambridge University Press. 1996. Pp. xi, 280. $54.95. ISBN 0-521-47456-6.
John H. Pruett. The Parish Clergy under the Later Stuarts: The Leicestershire Experience. Urbana: University of Illinois Press. 1978. Pp. 203. $10.00.
The Restoration: A Political and Religious History of England and Wales, 1658–1667. By Ronald Hutton. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1985. viii + 379 pp. $29.95.
English Society, 1688–1832: Ideology, Social Structure and Political Practice during the Ancien Régime. By J. C. D. Clark. Cambridge Studies in the History and Theory of Politics. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1985. xiii + 439 pp. 14.95 paper.
Death, Religion, and the Family in England, 1480–1750. By Ralph Houlbrooke. Oxford Studies in Social History. Oxford: Clarendon, 1998. xv + 435 pp. $99.00 cloth.
The Child in Christian Thought. Edited by Marcia J. Bunge. Grand Rapids, Mich.: Eerdmans, 2001. xiv + 513 pp. $24.00 paper.
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