Comparative study of the possibility of interdental papilla reconstruction using connective tissue graft with and without Emdogain

Background and Aim: Improving esthetics is a major goal in periodontal treatments and specially reconstruction of dental papilla is of great importance. Different techniques have been developed, however the results are not completely predictable. The aim of the present study was to compare the possibility of papilla reconstruction using connective tissue graft with and without Emdogain.Materials and Methods: In this clinical trial, 40 class II lost interdental papilla (Nordland- Tarnow classification) in 18 patients (4 male and 14 female) were studied. Samples were randomly devided into two groups. Case group was treated by connective tissue graft and emdogain (Straumann-USA) and controls were treated using connective tissue graft only. Periodontal parameters including papilla height (PH), periodontal pocket depth (PPD) and clinical attachment level (CAL) were measured before surgery, and 3 and 6 months after treatment. At the tenth days and 1 month after treatment only the papilla height was measured. Repeated measures analysis was used for data analysis with p<0.05 as the level of significance.Results: In the control group the mean papilla height changed from 3.38 0.89 to 2.85 0.93 on the 3rd month and 2.90 0.95 on the 6th month. The mean PPD changed from 2.8  0.68 to 2.55 0.70 on the 3rd month and 3.06 1.25 on the 6th month. The mean CAL changed from 3.88 1.29 to 3.79 1.25 on the 3rd month and 4.11 1.44 on the 6th month. In test group the mean papilla height changed from 2.98 0.91 to 2.45 1.55 on the 3rd month and 2.55 1.48 on the 6th month. The mean PPD changed from 2.75 1.49 to 2.63 1.38 on the 3rd month and 2.88 1.39 on the 6th month. The mean CAL changed from 3.75 1.24 to 4.01 1.45 on the 3rd month and 4.28 1.63 on the 6th month. These differences were not significant between the studied groups (P>0.05).Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, use of connective tissue with or without emdogain is not effective in interdental papilla reconstruction

Evaluation of Platelet-Rich Plasma in Combination with Deproteinized Bovine Bone Mineral in the Rabbit Cranium; A Pilot Study

Statement of Problem: Reconstruction methods are an essential prerequisite for functional rehabilitation of the stomatognathic system. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) offers a new and potentially useful adjunct to bone substitute materials (e.g. Xenografts) inoral and maxillofacial bone and implant reconstructive surgery.Purpose: An animal study was carried out to investigate the influence of PRP on the regeneration of non-critical sized bony defects, treated with Deproteinized Bovine Bone Mineral (DBBM).Materials and Methods: Eight New Zealand white rabbits were included in this randomized, pilot study. Three equal cranial bone defects (3×6 mm) were created and immediately grafted with DBBM and PRP+DBBM; one of them was left unfilled to serve as a control. The defects were evaluated using histologic and histomorphometricanalysis at 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks.Results: The histomorphometric findings showed a significant increase in bone area and trabecular maturity in experimental defects as compared to the control at 4, 8 and 12 week intervals. A significant increase in bone formation was seen with the additionof PRP to DBBM at 2, 4 and 8 week intervals. At 12 weeks, the level of bone formation was similar between the two groups. There was also a significant increase in the rate of biodegradation of the DBBM particles with the addition of PRP at 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks.No foreign body reaction and severe inflammation was seen in any of specimens.Conclusion: Within the limitations of this pilot study, it was concluded that the addition of PRP to Xenogenic bone substitute material in non-critical-sized defects of the rabbit cranium showed a histomorphometric increase in bone formation (until the 8th week ofhealing) and a greater amount of biomaterial degradation throughout the study period

Evaluation of the Effect of Plasma Rich in Growth Factors (PRGF) on Bone Regeneration

Objective: Reconstruction methods are an essential prerequisite for functional rehabilitation of the stomatognathic system. Plasma rich in growth factors (PRGF) offers a new and potentially useful adjunct to bone substitute materials in bone reconstructive surgery. This study was carried out to investigate the influ-ence of PRGF and fibrin membrane on regeneration of bony defects with and without deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) on rabbit calvaria. Materials and Methods: Twelve New Zealand white rabbits were included in this randomized, blinded, prospective study. Four equal 3.3×6.6 mm cranial bone defects were created and immediately grafted with DBBM, PRGF+DBBM, PRGF+fibrin membrane and no treatment as control. The defects were evaluated with histologic and histomorphometric analysis performed 4 and 8 weeks later. Results: Adding PRGF to DBBM led to increased bone formation as compared with the control group in 4- and 8-week intervals. In DBBM and PRGF+fibrin membrane samples, no significant increase was seen compared to the control group. There was also a significant increase in the rate of biodegradation of DBBM particles with the addition of PRGF in the 8-week interval. Neither noti-ceable foreign body reaction nor any severe inflammation was seen in each of the specimens evaluated. Conclusion: Under the limitation of this study, adding PRGF to DBBM enhanced osteogenesis in rabbit calvarias. Applying autologous fibrin membrane in the de-fects was not helpful

Comparative evaluation of qigong on various parameters of saliva

Background and Aim: Qigong is a type of Chinese psychosomatic exercise that integrates meditation, slow physical movements, and breathing. Numerous physical and mental benefits have been classically ascribed to qigong. On the other hand, unstimulated saliva is thought to play an important role in oral immunity, enamel stability and moisturizing the oral mucous membrane. Impaired salivary secretion leads to dental caries, mucosal deterioration and mouth dryness. The aim of the present study was to analyze the effect of a qigong program on various parameters of saliva such as quantity of unstimulated saliva, pH and SIgA. Materials and Methods: Twenty three subjects participated in this clinical trial study. The experimental subjects underwent a qigong training program, conducted by a qualified instructor. The program consisted of half an hour daily practice for 6 months (spring and winter). Saliva was collected in two periods: once during the spring before the experiment commencement and the second, in the following spring. During each period saliva collection was done on tuesday of each week. pH and quantity of salvia measurements were taken simultaneously. SIgA measurements were also taken based on the values obtained in the last phase of the experiment at the end of each spring. The results were analyzed using paired sample T test, one way repeated measure and Bon Ferroni multiple comparison. P<0.05 was the level of significance. Results: Based on our findings, the change in the amount of unstimulated salvia as well as SIgA was statistically significant (P<0.001); however, there was no significant difference in pH values before and after experiment. Conclusion: These findings demonstrate that after 6 months of practicing qigong, significant changes in amount of unstimulated saliva and SIgA occurred in participants. The authors suggest that qigong may be a beneficial adjunctive treatment that enhances amount of unstimulated saliva and SIgA