Illinois River 1998 Nutrient and Suspended Sediment Loads at Arkansas Highway 59 Bridge

Automatic water samplers and a U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) gauging station were established in 1995 on the main stem of the Illinois River at the Arkansas Highway 59 Bridge. Since that time, continuous stage and discharge measurements and water quality sampling have been used to determine pollutant concentrations and loads in the Arkansas portion of the Illinois River. This report represents the results from the measurement and sampling for January 1, 1998 to December 31, 1998

Evaluation of Sampling Strategies on Load Estimation For Illinois River at Highway 59

This study investigated the precision and accuracy of the two load calculation techniques. The study compared total phosphorus loads calculated by integration of Arkansas Water Resources Center (AWRC) intensive sampling data to loads calculated by a regression technique (rating curve) using fewer data. The 1998 AWRC dataset from the Illinois River at Arkansas Highway 59 was sub-sampled in a manner to simulate fixed period monitoring schemes supplemented with storm sampling. The ESTIMATOR software program was used to calculate loads. These loads were compared to the integrated load. The error of the integrated load when the variation in concentration between samples is not linear and the sensitivity of the integrated load to sampling interval were also investigated. The results show that the central tendency of the ESTIMATOR loads is accurate when storm data are included, but that the 95% confidence interval represents up to +/- 30-40% difference from the integrated load for individual estimates. More frequent sampling and more samples lead to more accurate loads. The results indicate that the central tendency of load estimates would be accurate for a method that uses a regression model with 32 or more samples including storm samples

Illinois River 2001 Pollutant Loads At Arkansas Highway 59 Bridge

Automatic water samplers and a U. S. Geological Survey gauging station were established in 1995 on the main stem of the Illinois River at the Arkansas Highway 59 Bridge. Since that time, continuous stage and discharge measurements and water quality sampling have been used to determine pollutant concentrations and loads in the Arkansas portion of the Illinois River. This report represents the results from the measurement and sampling for January 1, 2001 to December 31, 2001

Illinois River 2000 Pollutant Loads at Arkansas 59 Bridge

Automatic water samplers and a U. S. Geological Survey gauging station were established in 1995 on the main stem of the Illinois River at the Arkansas Highway 59 Bridge. Since that time, continuous stage and discharge measurements and water quality sampling have been used to determine pollutant concentrations and loads in the Arkansas portion of the Illinois River. This report represents the results from the measurement and sampling for January 1, 2000 to December 31, 200

A participatory assessment of immigrant integration in a low-income suburban neighborhood

While much immigration research has been focused upon urban areas, recent trends in migration patterns show that more and more immigrants are moving to the suburbs, which has resulted in some unique integration challenges. This research focuses on a particular suburban Chicago neighborhood, seeking to determine who is living there, to what extent they are making connections with the larger community and with other groups living within the same neighborhood, and what factors they believe will best assist in their integration. Utilizing a participatory research method that seeks to engage the community in question—the Parkside Apartments in the western suburbs of Chicago—throughout the process of research, the study focuses on African and Mexican immigrants, allowing for comparison using several measures of integration, including legal, socio-cultural, economic, and social capital indicators. The results, which suggest that different groups of immigrants integrate in different ways—with those most economically integrated dragging behind other groups in other respects—lead to several recommendations as to how suburban communities, and state and federal policies, could better facilitate integration on all levels

Beyond Voluntourism: Examining the Motivations and Roles of Engineering Student Groups in International Development

Each year, nearly 300,000 US college students study abroad and many more go on short-term service trips. The ethic of using engineering skills to serve developing communities abroad is strong in the engineering field. For Christian students and Christian colleges, this service can also integrate with their mission to serve God by serving and evangelizing others, whether motivated by charity, philanthropy, or scriptural mandate. These service programs have impacted students profoundly, often changing the life course of a student. But do they positively impact the targeted communities? Is it efficient to spend $30,000 in travel money to send an unskilled student team to drill a well that could be constructed better by a local well driller for$2000? Certainly it’s a great experience for the students, but what about the community? Does it in fact engender passiveness, cynicism, and dependency by the local partners? If we conclude that it’s inefficient, that we should just send money so a local business or an experienced NGO to drill the well, then do we deny the students a potentially life-changing opportunity? What is the role of student groups and engineering in academia in serving the poor? How might the approach at a Christian college be different from a state university? This paper discusses the motivations and practicalities of student projects for development and how they integrate with faith, scholarship, and education. Experiences and lessons learned from implementing international community development into the engineering curriculum at The University of Arkansas and at Messiah College are presented

Heaven... It\u27s Not the End of the World (Book Review)

Reviewed Title: Heaven... It\u27s Not the End of the World, by David Lawrence (London: Scripture Union, 1995). 159 pages. ISBN 0-86201-950-8

Illinois River 1999 Pollutant Loads at Arkansas Higway 59 Bridge

Automatic water samplers and aU. S. Geological Survey gauging station were established in 1995 on the main stem of the Illinois River at the Arkansas Highway 59 Bridge. Since that time, continuous stage and discharge measurements and water quality sampling have been used to determine pollutant concentrations and loads in the Arkansas portion of the Illinois River. This report represents the results from the measurement and sampling for January 1, 1999 to December 31, 1999

Illinois River Phosphorus Sampling Results and Mass Balance Computation

Phosphorus levels in the Illinois River are of great interest to the people of the States of Arkansas and Oklahoma. A great deal of effort has been expended to ascertain and modify the phosphorus impacts on the river. An automatic water sampling station was installed on the Illinois River just upstream from the State line in 1996 to accurately quantify the phosphorus in the Arkansas portion of the watershed. This paper summarizes five years worth of phosphorus sampling results at that site. In addition, a simple mass balance for phosphorus in the Illinois River Watershed above the sampling station was developed. The mass balance consisted of determining phosphorus inputs in the drainage area and comparing these to phosphorus outputs, during the same five-year period, allowing for an estimation of phosphorus accumulation. Sampling results showed that phosphorus levels were rapidly increasing in the Illinois River at the State line. Input information showed that over 7 million pounds of phosphorus were discharged into the 575 square mile basin annually. Mass balance calculations indicated that the point source discharges were responsible for up to 43% of the phosphorus in the river. The calculations indicate that only 4% of the phosphorus applied in the watershed reached the river annually. The remaining 96% accumulated in the watershed at an average rate of 8 kg per pasture acre per year. The effect of point source reductions was investigated and resulting mean concentrations were compared to a 0.037 mg/l in-stream phosphorus limit recently adopted by the State of Oklahoma

llinois River 1997 Pollutant Loads at Arkansas Highway 59 Bridge

Automatic water samplers and a USGS gauging station were established in 1995 on the main stem of the Illinois River at the Arkansas Highway 59 Bridge. Since that time, continuous stage and discharge measurements and water quality sampling have been used to determine pollutant concentrations and loads in the Arkansas portion of the Illinois River. This report represents the results from the measurement and sampling for January 1, 1997 to December 31, 1997