Sistema integrado de informações previdenciárias: SIPREV

No ano de 1998, a questão específica da gestão da previdência dos servidores públicos da União, Estados e Municípios emergiu como fator crítico, em face ao aumento exponencial do déficit financeiro e atuarial e do impacto desse desequilíbrio nas contas da União. Em razão disso, o Poder Executivo Federal patrocinou ampla reforma legislativa da matéria previdenciária pública, mediante aprovação da Emenda Constitucional nº 20/98 e da Lei 9.717/98, a chamada Lei Geral da Previdência Social, calcada em preceitos que possam assegurar equilíbrio financeiro e atuarial dos Regimes Próprios de Previdência Social - RPPS. A situação, àquela altura, da previdência gerida por Estados e Municípios, apresentava-se preocupante, especialmente quanto aos aspectos estruturais, operacionais e técnicos, incluindo base de informações desatualizadas, dispersas e pulverizadas nos diversos órgãos de cada ente federado, bem como gestores e técnicos desqualificados para atender aos novos preceitos estabelecidos pela Reforma Previdenciária. Para concretizar a intenção do legislador federal, a União, por intermédio do MPAS, deveria orientar, supervisionar, acompanhar e apoiar a reforma e gestão dos regimes próprios de previdência social. Para tanto, inicia-se, então, no âmbito do próprio MPAS, o processo de concepção institucional do SIPREV. O SIPREV possibilita inúmeros benefícios à sociedade, usuários, operadores e gestores previdenciários da União, Estados e Municípios, elencados a seguir: transparência das contas públicas, comprometimento dos segurados com a gestão previdenciária, integração da Previdência Social Pública, disseminação de ferramentas especializadas de gestão previdenciária, planejamento previdenciário, prevenção contra fraudes e informações históricasNúmero de páginas: 5 p.InovaçãoIniciativa premiada no 7º Concurso Inovação na Gestão Pública Federal sob responsabilidade de Delúbio Gomes Pereira da SilvaAções premiadas no 7º Concurso Inovação na Gestão Pública Federal - Prêmio Hélio Beltrão - 2002Áreas temáticas: gerenciamento de informações; gestão da informaçã

Psicologia na Polícia Federal: uma experiência que está dando certo

De acordo com a Organização Internacional do Trabalho, a atividade policial é a segunda mais desgastante do mundo. Por esse motivo, os que desempenham tal atividade necessitam de apoio especializado, voltado para a promoção da sua saúde mental e bem-estar.A Superintendência Regional da Polícia Federal, no Rio Grande do Sul, criou o Núcleo de Psicologia e Assistência Social (Nupas) para suprir esta lacuna. Para esse fim, presta atendimento psicológico e assistencial aos funcionários da Polícia Federal, seus familiares e dependentes, através de medidas clínicas, organizacionais e educacionais, voltadas para a prevenção, tratamento e reabilitação. A iniciativa teve como resultados a melhoria do desempenho e iniciativa dos funcionários, com repercussão positiva na produção e na satisfação dos usuários com o serviço prestado e a queda pela metade do número de sindicâncias instauradas pelo Serviço Disciplinar da SuperintendênciaNúmero de páginas: 2 p.InovaçãoIniciativa premiada no 1º Concurso Inovação na Gestão Pública Federal sob responsabilidade de Jorcelino Luiz Rodrigues dos Santos. Ações premiadas no 1º Concurso Inovação na Gestão Pública Federal – 1996. Áreas temáticas: capacitação profissional e gestão de recursos humanos; gestão e desenvolvimento de pessoa

Coexistência o caso do milho: proposta de revisão da resolução normativa no. 4 da CTNBio

O objetivo das normas de coexistência deve ser a preservação da agricultura e da alimentação livre de transgênicos, reconhecendo o direito dos agricultores de cultivar tais produtos e dos consumidores de escolher alimentos sem contaminação por OGM. As normas também devem prevenir a disseminação não intencional e os possíveis danos, antecipados ou não, causados pelas variedades transgênicas, além de facilitar eventuais recalls ou operações de descontaminação dos produtos disponíveis à venda nos mercados

Grassroots Agency: Participation and Conflict in Buenos Aires Shantytowns seen through the Pilot Plan for Villa 7 (1971–1975)

open access articleIn 1971, after more than a decade of national and municipal policies aimed at the top-down removal of shantytowns, the Buenos Aires City Council approved the Plan Piloto para la Relocalización de Villa 7 (Pilot Plan for the Relocation of Shantytown 7; 1971–1975, referred to as the Pilot Plan hereinafter). This particular plan, which resulted in the construction of the housing complex, Barrio Justo Suárez, endures in the collective memory of Argentines as a landmark project regarding grassroots participation in state housing initiatives addressed at shantytowns. Emerging from a context of a housing shortage for the growing urban poor and intense popular mobilizations during the transition to democracy, the authors of the Pilot Plan sought to empower shantytown residents in novel ways by: 1) maintaining the shantytown’s location as opposed to eradication schemes that relocated the residents elsewhere, 2) formally employing some of the residents for the stage of construction, as opposed to “self-help” housing projects in which the residents contributed with unpaid labor, and 3) including them in the urban and architectural design of the of the new housing. This paper will examine the context in which the Pilot Plan was conceived of as a way of re-assessing the roles of the state, the user, and housing-related professionals, often seen as antagonistic. The paper argues that residents’ fair participation and state intervention in housing schemes are not necessarily incompatible, and can function in specific social and political contexts through multiactor proposals backed by a political will that prioritizes grassroots agency

Improved breast cancer survival following introduction of an organized mammography screening program among both screened and unscreened women: a population-based cohort study

Introduction: Mammography screening reduces breast cancer mortality through earlier diagnosis but may convey further benefit if screening is associated with optimized treatment through multidisciplinary medical care. In Norway, a national mammography screening program was introduced among women aged 50 to 69 years during 1995/6 to 2004. Also during this time, multidisciplinary breast cancer care units were implemented. Methods: We constructed three cohorts of breast cancer patients: 1) the pre-program group comprising women diagnosed and treated before mammography screening began in their county of residence, 2) the post-program group comprising women diagnosed and treated through multidisciplinary breast cancer care units in their county but before they had been invited to mammography screening; and 3) the screening group comprising women diagnosed and treated after invitation to screening. We calculated Kaplan-Meier plots and multivariable Cox proportional hazard models. Results: We studied 41,833 women with breast cancer. The nine-year breast cancer-specific survival rate was 0.66 (95%CI: 0.65 to 0.67) in the pre-program group; 0.72 (95%CI: 0.70 to 0.74) in the post-program group; and 0.84 (95%CI: 0.80 to 0.88) in the screening group. In multivariable analyses, the risk of death from breast cancer was 14% lower in the post-program group than in the pre-program group (hazard ratio 0.86; (95%CI: 0.78 to 0.95, P = 0.003)). Conclusions: After nine years follow-up, at least 33% of the improved survival is attributable to improved breast cancer management through multidisciplinary medical care

Disparities in diabetes care: role of the patient's socio-demographic characteristics

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The commitment to promoting equity in health is derived from the notion that all human beings have the right to the best attainable health. However, disparities in health care are well-documented. The objectives were to explore disparities in diabetes prevalence, care and control among diabetic patients. The study was conducted by Maccabi Healthcare Services (MHS), an Israeli HMO (health care plan).</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Retrospective study. The dependent variables were diabetes prevalence, uptake of follow-up examinations, and disease control. The independent variables were socio-economic rank (SER), ethnicity (Arab vs non Arab), supplementary voluntary health insurance (SVHI), and immigration from Former Soviet Union (FSU) countries. Chi Square and Logistic Regression Models were estimated.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>We analyzed 74,953 diabetes patients. Diabetes was more prevalent in males, lower SER patients, Arabs, immigrants and owners of SVHI. Optimal follow up was more frequent among females, lower SERs patients, non Arabs, immigrants and SVHI owners. Patients who were female, had higher SERs, non Arabs, immigrants and SVHI owners achieved better control of the disease. The multivariate analysis revealed significant associations between <it>optimal follow up </it>and age, gender (males), SER (Ranks 1-10), Arabs and SVHI (OR 1.02, 0.95, 1.15, 0.85 and 1.31, respectively); <it>poor diabetes control </it>(HbA1C > 9 gr%) was significantly associated with age, gender (males), Arabs, immigrants, SER (Ranks1-10) and SVHI (OR 0.96, 1.26, 1.38, 0.72, 1.37 and 0.57, respectively); significant associations with <it>LDL control </it>(< 100 gr%) were revealed for age, gender (males) and SVHI (OR 1.02, 1.30 and 1.44, respectively).</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Disparities in diabetes prevalence, care and control were revealed according to population sub-group. MHS has recently established a comprehensive strategy and action plan, aimed to reduce disparities among members of low socioeconomic rank and Arab ethnicity, sub-groups identified in our study as being at risk for less favorable health outcomes.</p

Millets across Eurasia: chronology and context of early records of the genera Panicum and Setaria from archaeological sites in the Old World

We have collated and reviewed published records of the genera Panicum and Setaria (Poaceae), including the domesticated millets Panicum miliaceum L. (broomcorn millet) and Setaria italica (L.) P. Beauv. (foxtail millet) in pre-5000 cal b.c. sites across the Old World. Details of these sites, which span China, central-eastern Europe including the Caucasus, Iran, Syria and Egypt, are presented with associated calibrated radiocarbon dates. Forty-one sites have records of Panicum (P. miliaceum, P. cf. miliaceum, Panicum sp., Panicum type, P. capillare (?) and P. turgidum) and 33 of Setaria (S. italica, S. viridis, S. viridis/verticillata, Setaria sp., Setaria type). We identify problems of taphonomy, identification criteria and reporting, and inference of domesticated/wild and crop/weed status of finds. Both broomcorn and foxtail millet occur in northern China prior to 5000 cal b.c.; P. miliaceum occurs contemporaneously in Europe, but its significance is unclear. Further work is needed to resolve the above issues before the status of these taxa in this period can be fully evaluated

Brazilian network for the surveillance of maternal potentially life threatening morbidity and maternal near-miss and a multidimensional evaluation of their long term consequences

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>It has been suggested that the study of women who survive life-threatening complications related to pregnancy (maternal near-miss cases) may represent a practical alternative to surveillance of maternal morbidity/mortality since the number of cases is higher and the woman herself is able to provide information on the difficulties she faced and the long-term repercussions of the event. These repercussions, which may include sexual dysfunction, postpartum depression and posttraumatic stress disorder, may persist for prolonged periods of time, affecting women's quality of life and resulting in adverse effects to them and their babies.</p> <p>Objective</p> <p>The aims of the present study are to create a nationwide network of scientific cooperation to carry out surveillance and estimate the frequency of maternal near-miss cases, to perform a multicenter investigation into the quality of care for women with severe complications of pregnancy, and to carry out a multidimensional evaluation of these women up to six months.</p> <p>Methods/Design</p> <p>This project has two components: a multicenter, cross-sectional study to be implemented in 27 referral obstetric units in different geographical regions of Brazil, and a concurrent cohort study of multidimensional analysis. Over 12 months, investigators will perform prospective surveillance to identify all maternal complications. The population of the cross-sectional component will consist of all women surviving potentially life-threatening conditions (severe maternal complications) or life-threatening conditions (the maternal near miss criteria) and maternal deaths according to the new WHO definition and criteria. Data analysis will be performed in case subgroups according to the moment of occurrence and determining cause. Frequencies of near-miss and other severe maternal morbidity and the association between organ dysfunction and maternal death will be estimated. A proportion of cases identified in the cross-sectional study will comprise the cohort of women for the multidimensional analysis. Various aspects of the lives of women surviving severe maternal complications will be evaluated 3 and 6 months after the event and compared to a group of women who suffered no severe complications in pregnancy. Previously validated questionnaires will be used in the interviews to assess reproductive function, posttraumatic stress, functional capacity, quality of life, sexual function, postpartum depression and infant development.</p

Diversidade do campesinato Expressões e categorias

Coleção História Social do Campesinato no Brasil.Volumen 1: Construções identitárias e sociabilidadesVolumen 2: Estratégias de reprodução socialVolumen 1: apresenta a diversidade sociocultural das configurações camponesas no Brasil e suas estratégias de reprodução social. Os artigos aqui reunidos aliam discussão teórica à apresentação de um contexto empírico concreto e dados etnográficos. Em Culturas e sociabilidades, parte-se do pressuposto de que não só a reprodução dos fundamentos econômicos é indispensável à existência e reprodução das sociedades. A relação encontrada entre trabalho e festa e o significado da partilha do alimento como expressão das regras de reciprocidade são alguns dos temas dessa primeira parte, assim como a descrição do trabalho camponês em determinados lugares do Brasil, o universo religioso, retratado com a festa de Nossa Senhora do Rosário, e a “cosmologia cabocla” dos camponeses e pescadores da Amazônia Oriental, do Pará e da ilha de Marajó. A segunda temática, Identidades e territorialidades, trata de situações que trouxeram renovação ao campo de estudos sobre populaçõe rurais e da criação de novos sujeitos políticos. Esses artigos apresentam as preocupações antropológicas em relação às políticas de construção da identidade e aos processos que não ficam restritos ao aspecto local, mas estão relacionados com movimentos maiores dentro do Estado nacional dados pelos novos ordenamentos jurídicos, onde se encaixa a luta pelos chamados “direitos étnicos”.Vol. 2: buscam restituir um debate que responda às demandas de vários setores sociais por uma sistematização do conhecimento acerca destas populações. O resultado é um mosaico que revela a diversidade de realidades historicamente construídas a partir de múltiplas formas de apropriação e usos da terra e demais recursos naturais. Na primeira parte, os capítulos mostram como o controle da terra é feito mediante “normas específicas instituídas para além do código legal vigente”, discutem o processo de ocupação camponesa e sua reprodução no sertão matogrossense e destacam as relações sociais estabelecidas entre os que buscam os meios de existência baseados no criatório. A segunda parte aborda as práticas ecológicas, revelando uma percepção moral da relação com a terra e entre os homens, além de apresentar estratégias de reprodução social que se desenvolvem por meio de práticas diferenciadas. Temos ainda questões sobre territorialidade, diversidade, organização social e cultural e algumas especificidades do campesinato da Amazônia.Na terceira parte, somos convidados a pensar acerca das transformações do rural, da diversidade das formas de existência e sobre o conhecimento aí produzido. Os capítulos destacam, entre outros pontos, as tentativas de “reconversão” por meio da migração, o uso de termos lingüísticos para estudar a mobilidade de atores sociais nos contextos rurais e a intervenção de instituições e organizações políticas que criam e recriam diversas categorias de classificação desses agentes sociai

Evidence for models of diagnostic service provision in the community: literature mapping exercise and focused rapid reviews

Background Current NHS policy favours the expansion of diagnostic testing services in community and primary care settings. Objectives Our objectives were to identify current models of community diagnostic services in the UK and internationally and to assess the evidence for quality, safety and clinical effectiveness of such services. We were also interested in whether or not there is any evidence to support a broader range of diagnostic tests being provided in the community. Review methods We performed an initial broad literature mapping exercise to assess the quantity and nature of the published research evidence. The results were used to inform selection of three areas for investigation in more detail. We chose to perform focused reviews on logistics of diagnostic modalities in primary care (because the relevant issues differ widely between different types of test); diagnostic ultrasound (a key diagnostic technology affected by developments in equipment); and a diagnostic pathway (assessment of breathlessness) typically delivered wholly or partly in primary care/community settings. Databases and other sources searched, and search dates, were decided individually for each review. Quantitative and qualitative systematic reviews and primary studies of any design were eligible for inclusion. Results We identified seven main models of service that are delivered in primary care/community settings and in most cases with the possible involvement of community/primary care staff. Not all of these models are relevant to all types of diagnostic test. Overall, the evidence base for community- and primary care-based diagnostic services was limited, with very few controlled studies comparing different models of service. We found evidence from different settings that these services can reduce referrals to secondary care and allow more patients to be managed in primary care, but the quality of the research was generally poor. Evidence on the quality (including diagnostic accuracy and appropriateness of test ordering) and safety of such services was mixed. Conclusions In the absence of clear evidence of superior clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness, the expansion of community-based services appears to be driven by other factors. These include policies to encourage moving services out of hospitals; the promise of reduced waiting times for diagnosis; the availability of a wider range of suitable tests and/or cheaper, more user-friendly equipment; and the ability of commercial providers to bid for NHS contracts. However, service development also faces a number of barriers, including issues related to staffing, training, governance and quality control. Limitations We have not attempted to cover all types of diagnostic technology in equal depth. Time and staff resources constrained our ability to carry out review processes in duplicate. Research in this field is limited by the difficulty of obtaining, from publicly available sources, up-to-date information about what models of service are commissioned, where and from which providers. Future work There is a need for research to compare the outcomes of different service models using robust study designs. Comparisons of ‘true’ community-based services with secondary care-based open-access services and rapid access clinics would be particularly valuable. There are specific needs for economic evaluations and for studies that incorporate effects on the wider health system. There appears to be no easy way of identifying what services are being commissioned from whom and keeping up with local evaluations of new services, suggesting a need to improve the availability of information in this area. Funding The National Institute for Health Research Health Services and Delivery Research programme