ASPECTOS CLÍNICOS E EPIDEMIOLÓGICOS DA ESQUIZOFRENIA: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA

An integrative literature review is presented on the spectrum of schizophrenia, its clinical and epidemiological aspects, as well as the impact of this condition on the individual's life. Schizophrenia is a chronic idiopathic psychosis, appearing to be a set of different illnesses with similar and overlapping symptoms. It is characterized by distortions of thought, self-perception and external reality. It is a long-lasting syndrome with an early onset, associated with a series of symptoms and signs such as hallucinations, apathy, social isolation and even suicide. It has a multifactorial origin where genetic and environmental factors seem to be associated with an increased risk of developing the disease. Diagnostic criteria are used to define the condition, which can coexist with other comorbidities. There is a need for a multidisciplinary team to intervene to improve patients' quality of life, as well as treatment aimed at the various aspects of this disorder.Apresenta-se uma revisão integrativa de literatura acerca do espectro da esquizofrenia, seus aspectos clínicos, epidemiológicos, bem como o impacto dessa condição na vida do indivíduo. A esquizofrenia é uma psicose crônica idiopática, aparentando ser um conjunto de diferentes doenças com sintomas que se assemelham e se sobrepõem. É caracterizada por distorções do pensamento, da percepção de si e da realidade externa. É uma síndrome de longa duração e de inicio precoce, associada a uma série de sintomas e sinais como alucinações, apatia, isolamento social e até suicídio. Tem origem multifatorial onde os fatores genéticos e ambientais parecem estar associados a um aumento no risco de desenvolver a doença. Utilizam-se critérios diagnósticos para definir o quadro, que pode coexistir com outras comorbidades. Há necessidade de uma equipe multidisciplinar para intervir na melhoria e na qualidade de vida dos pacientes, assim como um tratamento voltado para os vários aspectos que esse transtorno apresenta

Comparison of culture media for ex vivo cultivation of limbal epithelial progenitor cells

Purpose: To compare the effectiveness of three culture media for growth, proliferation, differentiation, and viability of ex vivo cultured limbal epithelial progenitor cells.Methods: Limbal epithelial progenitor cell cultures were established from ten human corneal rims and grew on plastic wells in three culture media: supplemental hormonal epithelial medium (SHEM), keratinocyte serum-free medium (KSFM), and Epilife. The performance of culturing limbal epithelial progenitor cells in each medium was evaluated according to the following parameters: growth area of epithelial migration; immunocytochemistry for adenosine 5'-triphosphate-binding cassette member 2 (ABCG2), p63, Ki67, cytokeratin 3 (CK3), and vimentin (VMT) and real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for CK3, ABCG2, and p63, and cell viability using Hoechst staining.Results: Limbal epithelial progenitor cells cultivated in SHEM showed a tendency to faster migration, compared to KSFM and Epilife. Immunocytochemical analysis showed that proliferated cells in the SHEM had lower expression for markers related to progenitor epithelial cells (ABCG2) and putative progenitor cells (p63), and a higher percentage of positive cells for differentiated epithelium (CK3) when compared to KSFM and Epilife. In PCR analysis, ABCG2 expression was statistically higher for Epilife compared to SHEM. Expression of p63 was statistically higher for Epilife compared to SHEM and KSFM. However, CK3 expression was statistically lower for KSFM compared to SHEM.Conclusions: Based on our findings, we concluded that cells cultured in KSFM and Epilife media presented a higher percentage of limbal epithelial progenitor cells, compared to SHEM.Univ Fed Sao Paulo, CASO, Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Ophthalmol, Cornea & External Dis Serv, Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, CASO, Sao Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Ophthalmol, Cornea & External Dis Serv, Sao Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc