Large-Scale Structure of the Molecular Gas in Taurus Revealed by High Linear Dynamic Range Spectral Line Mapping

We report the results of a 100 square degree survey of the Taurus Molecular Cloud region in the J = 1-0 transition of 12CO and 13CO. The image of the cloud in each velocity channel includes ~ 3 million Nyquist sampled pixels on a 20" grid. The high sensitivity and large linear dynamic range of the maps in both isotopologues reveal a very complex, highly structured cloud morphology. There are large scale correlated structures evident in 13CO emission having very fine dimensions, including filaments, cavities, and rings. The 12CO emission shows a quite different structure, with particularly complex interfaces between regions of greater and smaller column density defining the boundaries of the largest-scale cloud structures. The axes of the striations seen in the 12CO emission from relatively diffuse gas are aligned with the direction of the magnetic field. Using a column density-dependent model for the CO fractional abundance, we derive the mass of the region mapped to be 24,000 solar masses, a factor of three greater than would be obtained with canonical CO abundance restricted to the high column density regions. We determine that half the mass of the cloud is in regions having column density below 2.1x10^{21} per square cm. The distribution of young stars in the region covered is highly nonuniform, with the probability of finding a star in a pixel with a specified column density rising sharply for N(H2) = 6x10^{21} cm^{-2}. We determine a relatively low star formation efficiency (mass of young stars/mass of molecular gas), between 0.3 and 1.2 %, and an average star formation rate during the past 3 Myr of 8x10^{-5} stars yr^{-1}.Comment: 53 pages, 21 figure

Book Reviews

The following publications have been reviewed by the authors;That's Nice! - reviewed by Ian McLintockWorkshop Electrics - reviewed by Alan TruemanCommunicating Design - reviewed by R. FoulgerEngineering Design Methods - reviewed by Chris SnellTechnopacks  - reviewed by Elsie Warre

Reviews

The following publications have been reviewed by the mentioned authors;Plastics and the Environment - reviewed by Melanie FasciatoBuild a Clock - reviewed by John DurrellFood: The Manufacturing Process - reviewed by Julia JonesNuffield Design and Technology 11-14 - reviewed by Alison HardyTechnology in Practice - reviewed by Chris SnellA Strateg for Differentiation - reviewed by Mark HudsonStandards for Technological Literacy: Content for the Study of Technology - reviewed by Eddie NormanStaying on at School - reviewed by Melanie Fasciat

Reviews

The following publications have been reviewed by the mentioned authors;The Story of the Can - reviewed by Marion RutlandExploring Food Cans - reviewed by Marion RutlandJames Dyson: Against the Odds - reviewed by David SpendloveDesign and Make It! Key Stage 3 Assessment Resources: Product Design and Food and Textiles - reviewed by Ali FarrellIn Target Design and Technology Key Stage 3 - reviewed by Ali FarrellThe Chocolate Challenge - reviewed by Anne RiggsFocus on Design Technology: Resistant Materials - reviewed by Chris SnellThe Food File - reviewed by Melanie FasciatoThe Usbourne Complete Book of the Internet and the World Wide Web - reviewed by Alan CrossTechno Designers - reviewed by Jenny JupeBasic Food Hygiene Interactive CD-ROM - reviewed by Jenny JupeThe University of Greenwich D&T Resource Materials - reviewed by Michael Lawranc

Reviews

The following publications have been reviewed by the mentioned authors;Supporting Science, Design and Technology in the Early Years - reviewed by Alan CrossDazzle Plus - reviewed by David FosterDesign and Bake - Wheat and Other Cereals - reviewed by Marion RutlandDesign and Technology and the Historic Environment - reviewed by Michael LawrenceThe Millennium Train - reviewed by Chris SnellGCSE Food Technology for OCR: Pupil Book and Teacher's Resource File - reviewed by Roy BallamRaising Achievement in Design and Technology: Resistant Materials - reviewed by Roman M. GawelThe Possibilities Schools - A Blueprint for Education - reviewed by Andy BreckonKites Resource Pack: Key Stage 3 Design and Technology - reviewed by Mark HudsonICT and the Learning Revolution - reviewed by Les Porte

Reviews

The following publications have been reviewed by the mentioned authors;Technology Education for Teachers - reviewed by Bill GoddardUnderstanding Design and Technology Key Stage 2 & 3 - reviewed by Melanie FasciatoElectronics Tasks and Assignments - reviewed by Trevor TaylorOutline Scheme of Work 'Working towards Capability' - reviewed by Bill GoddardCADpius - reviewed by Les PorterTechnology 1 - reviewed by Richard AgerDigital Electronics - reviewed by David FosterAn Introduction to Usability - reviewed by Anne RiggsHow do they do that? - reviewed by Jonty KinsellaD & T Routes: Graphic Products - reviewed by George AsquithD & T Routes: Textiles - reviewed by Jillian MellorD & T Routes: Resistant Materials - reviewed by Chris SnellD & T Routes: Food - reviewed by Margaret JepsonD & T Routes: Control Products - reviewed by Chris WoodD & T Routes: Core Book - reviewed by Jenny JupeD & T Routes: Teacher's Resource - reviewed by Jenny Jup

Reviews

The following publications have been reviewed by the mentioned authors;Design and Technology Frames - reviewed by Mark HudsonDiscoveries - reviewed by Melanie FasciatoProgressio in Primary Design and Technology - reviewed by Rob BowenPrimary Design and Technology: Introducing Birds and Conservation to the Curriculum - reviewed by Bridget A. EganFood Tables and Labelling - reviewed by Jonty KinsellaExploring Materials CD-ROM Education Pack - reviewed by Chris SnellSkills in Resistant Materials Technology - reviewed by Mark HudsonDo3D - reviewed by Les PorterDesign and Technology Textiles Foundation Course - reviewed by Helen WilsonFocus on Plastics - reviewed by Chris SnellUnderstanding Industrial Practices in Textiles Technology - reviewed by Jenny JupeDyson Education Box - reviewed by Jenny JupeEdison 3.0 - reviewed by Jean Allma

A global fund for social protection: lessons from the experience of global health, climate and agricultural funds

The recent social, ecological and economic crises have not only revealed the gaps in social protection systems across the world, but also drawn global attention to the ways in which international financial and development architectures have failed to support universal social protection systems and floors. Within this context, this Working Paper examines the idea of a global fund for social protection which has emerged as a potential solution to these structural failings. By drawing on the experiences of seven global funds across the health, climate, and agriculture sectors, the aim of this Working Paper is to identify key lessons that can guide the possible implementation of a prospective global fund for social protection. Through a careful analysis of the governance structures, norms and standards of these funds, the Working Paper makes recommendations to be taken into consideration if a global fund for social protection is to be developed and implemented