6 research outputs found
Simulated Radio and Neutrino Imaging of a Microquasar
Microquasar stellar systems emit electromagnetic radiation and high-energy
particles. Thanks to their location within our own galaxy, they can be observed
in high detail. Still, many of their inner workings remain elusive; hence,
simulations, as the link between observations and theory, are highly useful. In
this paper, both high-energy particle and synchrotron radio emissions from
simulated microquasar jets are calculated using special relativistic imaging. A
finite ray speed imaging algorithm is employed on hydrodynamic simulation data,
producing synthetic images seen from a stationary observer. A hydrodynamical
model is integrated in the above emission models. Synthetic spectra and maps
are then produced that can be compared to observations from detector arrays. As
an application, the model synthetically observes microquasars during an
episodic ejection at two different spatio-temporal scales: one on the neutrino
emission region scale and the other on the synchrotron radio emission scale.
The results are compared to the sensitivity of existing detectors
Simulations of Gamma-ray emission from magnetized micro-quasar jets
In this work, we simulate -rays created in the hadronic jets of the
compact object in binary stellar systems known as microquasars. We utilize as
main computational tool the -D relativistic magneto-hydro-dynamical code
PLUTO combined with in house derived codes. Our simulated experiments refer to
the SS433 X-ray binary, a stellar system in which hadronic jets have been
observed. We examine two new model configurations that employ hadron-based
emission mechanisms. The simulations aim to explore the dependence of the
-ray emissions on the dynamical as well as the radiative properties of
the jet (hydrodynamic parameters of the mass-flow density, gas-pressure,
temperature of the ejected matter, high energy proton population inside the jet
plasma, etc.). The results of the two new scenarios of initial conditions for
the micro-quasar stellar system studied, are compared to those of previously
considered scenarios.Comment: 13 pages, 8 figures, 1 tabl
Synthetic Neutrino Imaging of a Microquasar
Microquasar binary stellar systems emit electromagnetic radiation and
high-energy particles over a broad energy spectrum. However, they are so far
away that it is hard to observe their details. A simulation offers the link
between relatively scarce observational data and the rich theoretical
background. In this work, high-energy particle emission from simulated twin
microquasar jets is calculated in a unified manner. From the cascade of
emission within an element of jet matter to the dynamic and radiative whole jet
model, the series of physical processes involved are integrated together. A
programme suite assembled around model data produces synthetic images and
spectra directly comparable to potential observations by contemporary arrays.
The model is capable of describing a multitude of system geometries,
incorporating increasing levels of realism depending on need and available
computational resources. As an application, the modelling process is applied to
a typical microquasar, which is synthetically observed from different angles
using various imaging geometries. Furthermore, the resulting intensities are
comparable to the sensitivity of existing detectors. The combined background
emission from a potential distribution of microquasars is also modelled.Comment: Published in 2021. arXiv admin note: text overlap with
arXiv:2311.0769
Synthetic Neutrino Imaging of a Microquasar
Microquasar binary stellar systems emit electromagnetic radiation and high-energy particles over a broad energy spectrum. However, they are so far away that it is hard to observe their details. A simulation offers the link between relatively scarce observational data and the rich theoretical background. In this work, high-energy particle emission from simulated twin microquasar jets is calculated in a unified manner. From the cascade of emission within an element of jet matter to the dynamic and radiative whole jet model, the series of physical processes involved are integrated together. A programme suite assembled around model data produces synthetic images and spectra directly comparable to potential observations by contemporary arrays. The model is capable of describing a multitude of system geometries, incorporating increasing levels of realism depending on need and available computational resources. As an application, the modelling process is applied to a typical microquasar, which is synthetically observed from different angles using various imaging geometries. Furthermore, the resulting intensities are comparable to the sensitivity of existing detectors. The combined background emission from a potential distribution of microquasars is also modelled
The Bayh–Dole Act & Public Rights in Federally Funded Inventions: Will The Agencies Ever Go Marching In?
For over thirty years, the Bayh–Dole Act has granted federal agencies the power to force the recipients of federal research funding to license the resulting inventions to third parties. Despite having this expansive power, no federal agency has ever seen fit to utilize it. This Note explores why Bayh–Dole march-in rights have never been used, and proposes reforms that would help ensure that, in the instances when they are most required, the public is able to access the inventions it bankrolled.
There have been five documented march-in petitions since the Bayh–Dole Act was passed into law. Each petition was dismissed by the funding agency without progressing to the march-in proceeding stage. Even if one of these petitions had made it to the proceeding stage it is unlikely that a march-in would have occurred. The Bayh–Dole Act’s march-in rights are designed in such a manner that makes their effective use highly unlikely. Procedurally, they offer expansive protections for patent holders and few safeguards for those who petition for march-in.
A few minor reforms to the system could help appropriately balance the march-in system’s design. Potential reforms include instituting an appeal process, mandating a duty to use “best efforts” to bring subject inventions to the point of practical application and report on those efforts, clarifying the meaning of Bayh–Dole’s “reasonable terms” requirement, and instituting a requirement that subject inventions be marketed in the United States at internationally competitive rates. In addition, a requirement that subject inventions be licensed via public auction rather than private negotiation would help ensure that those best suited to commercializing inventions have the chance to secure the rights to them