Prevalence of Overweight, Obesity and Abdominal Obesity among the Adult Population of Yakutia

This study describes data obtained as a result of a one-stage epidemiological study for levels of CVD risk factors among indigenous and non-indigenous populations of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) (RS(Y)). A total of 1,856 indigenous residents (Yakuts) and non-indigenous residents (Russians) were examined: 512 men (mean age 47.5±15.1) and 1,344 women (mean age 48.1±14.2). Among the surveyed adult population of Yakutia, the average values of BMI, regardless of ethnicity, were high with a regular increase in this indicator with age, especially in women. Overweight is more common for indigenous men (40%) compared with indigenous women (34.5 %). Among the non-indigenous residents, there were no gender differences. In the sample of the indigenous population, obesity was more common in women (24.3%) than in men (18.7%). Among non-indigenous residents, similar differences were not obtained, except for a higher incidence of obesity in older women. The average waist circumference in men and women of both ethnic groups is not high, but the indicators are higher for men than for women; the gender differences are leveled in the older age group in both ethnic groups. Prevalence of abdominal obesity (AO) is extremely high in indigenous residents (61.6%); in both ethnic groups, the prevalence of AO is higher among women than men. The incidence of overweight, obesity and AO was significantly higher in Yakut people

Иммуногенные и протективые свойства кандидатной пептидной вакцины против SARS-CoV-2

Background. In 2020, the pandemic caused by novel coronavirus infection has become one of the most critical global health challenges during the past century. The lack of a vaccine, as the most effective way to control the novel infection, has prompted the development of a large number of preventive products by the scientific community. We have developed a candidate vaccine (EpiVacCorona) against novel coronavirus infection caused by SARS-CoV-2 that is based on chemically synthesized peptides conjugated to a carrier protein and adsorbed on aluminum hydroxide and studied the specific activity of the developed vaccine. Aims study of the immunogenicity and protectivity of the peptide candidate vaccine EpiVacCorona. Methods. The work was performed using standard molecular biological, virological and histological methods. Results. It was demonstrated that EpiVacCorona, when administered twice, spaced 14 days apart, to hamsters, ferrets, and non-human primates (african green monkeys, rhesus macaques) at a dose of 260 g, which is equal to one inoculation dose for humans, induces virus-specific antibodies in 100% of the animals. Experiments in hamsters showed this vaccine to be associated with the dose-dependent immunogenicity. The vaccine was shown to accelerate the elimination of the virus from the upper respiratory tract in ferrets and prevent the development of pneumonia in hamsters and non-human primates following a respiratory challenge with novel coronavirus. Conclusions. The results of a preclinical specific activity study indicate that the use of EpiVacCorona has the potential for human vaccination.Обоснование. В 2020 г. пандемия, вызванная новой коронавирусной инфекцией, стала одним из самых серьезных испытаний для глобального здравоохранения за последнее столетие. Отсутствие вакцины как наиболее действенного способа борьбы против новой инфекции обусловило разработку научным сообществом большого количества профилактических препаратов. Нами была разработана кандидатная вакцина (ЭпиВакКорона) против новой коронавирусной инфекции SARS-CoV-2 на основе химически синтезированных пептидов, конъюгированных на белок-носитель и адсорбированных на гидроксид алюминия, и изучена ее специфическая активность. Цель исследования изучение иммуногенных и протективных свойств кандидатной пептидной вакцины ЭпиВакКорона. Методы. Работа была выполнена при помощи стандартных молекулярно-биологических, вирусологических и гистологических методов. Результаты. Показано, что ЭпиВакКорона при двукратном введении с интервалом в 14 дней хомякам, хорькам и низшим приматам (африканским зеленым мартышкам, макакам-резусам) в дозе 260 мкг, равной одной прививочной дозе для человека, вызывает индукцию вирусспецифических антител у 100% животных. В опытах на хомяках показано, что вакцинный препарат обладает дозозависимой иммуногенностью, вакцина индуцирует ускорение элиминации вируса из верхних дыхательных путей у хорьков и предотвращает развитие пневмонии у хомяков и низших приматов после респираторного заражения новым коронавирусом. Заключение. Результаты доклинического исследования специфической активности свидетельствуют о перспективности использования ЭпиВакКорона для вакцинации людей