750 Natalia the economic and legal analysis of the terms of international delivery contracts involving Russian suppliers

Purpose: The article presents an economic and legal analysis of the terms of contracts for international delivery of goods involving Russian suppliers. Design/Methodology/Approach: The authors analysed the international norms of regulating relations for the goods’ delivery involving the foreign element. Terms of the goods delivery are investigated according to the national legislation of the Russian Federation. Findings: As a result, it is necessary to use an economic and legal approach when developing contract terms for the goods’ delivery to take into account norms of international law, the national legislation of the supplier country and in accordance with the calculations of the contract price and payment terms. Practical Implications: The proposed method is in accordance with the international legal framework and it can be adopted by the Russian Federation easily. Originality/Value: There is no such an approach eligible to modernize the existing system in the country.peer-reviewe

Cerebellar anaplastic astrocytoma in adult patients: 15 consecutive cases from a single institution and literature review

Adult cerebellar anaplastic astrocytomas (cAA) are rare entities and their clinical and genetic appearances are still ill defined. Previously, malignant gliomas of the cerebellum were combined and reviewed together (cAA and cerebellar glioblastomas (cGB), that could have possibly affected overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). We present characteristics of 15 adult patients with cAA and compared them to a series of 45 patients with a supratentorial AA (sAA) in order to elicit the effect of tumor location on OS and PFS. The mean age at cAA diagnosis was 39.3 years (range 19–72). A history of neurofibromatosis type I was noted in 1 patient (6.7%). An IDH-1 mutation was identified in 6/15 cases and a methylated MGMT promoter in 5/15 cases. Patients in study and control groups were matched in age, sex and IDH-1 mutation status. Patients in a study group tended to present with longer overall survival (50 vs. 36.5 months), but the difference did not reach statistical significance. In both cAA and supratentorial AA groups presence of the IDH-1 mutation remains a positive predictor for the prolonged survival. The present study suggests that adult cAA constitute a group of gliomas with relatively higher rate of IDH-1 mutations and prognosis similar to supratentorial AA. The present study is the first to systematically compare cAA and supratentorial AA with respect to their genetic characteristics and suggests that both groups show a similar survival prognosis

Methods of the determination of inorganic arsenic species by stripping voltammetry in weakly alkaline media

Two methods are considered for the direct determination of trace amounts of As(III) and As(V) in solutions by stripping voltammetry (SVA) using an ensemble of gold microelectrodes (Au-MEA) previously developed by the authors of this paper. In both methods, analyzing a mixture of As(III) and As(V), analysts first record an SVA signal of As(III) in a supporting Na2SO3 electrolyte. To record an analytical SVA signal of As(V), in the first method one should use the reduction of As(V) to As(III) on the surface of an Au-MEA catalyzed by the system Mn(II)/Mn(0) and followed by the formation of As(0) and its anode dissolution. In the second method, the photoreduction of As(V) to As(III) in a Na2SO3 solution is conducted under UV irradiation followed by the reduction of As(III) to As(0) and its electrooxidation on Au-MEA. The two methods are compared taking into account their performance characteristics and interfering ions. To improve the reliability of the results of analysis at an insignificant increase in its cost, we propose the consecutive use of both methods. The procedures are simple and rapid, do not require the removal of dissolved oxygen or toxic reactants, and can be used for the analysis of aqueous solutions at the place of sampling. The results of analyses of real objects, snow, river water, and process solutions are presented

Modernization of institutional environment of entrepreneurship in Russia for development of innovation initiative in small business structures

This article explores the structure of institutional environment of entrepreneurship in Russia and its influence on the development of small business structures that are involved in innovations. It sets out structural elements of institutional environment: institutions, instruments, and methods of regulation; besides, it defines main criteria of evaluation of the level of development in the sphere of innovative entrepreneurship. In order to improve innovative initiative of small business-structures, the article offers the mechanisms of improvement of institutional entrepreneurial environment.peer-reviewe

Innovations and support for quality in agriculture : a case study

The aim of the article is to investigate the economic and legal aspects of integrating innovations in agriculture and supporting the quality of agricultural products in the context of modern Russia. Throughout the process of research, the authors analyzed the directions of agricultural sector development, mechanisms of quality and safety support, as well as customer rights protection. As a result the authors have agreed on, the need to integrate cluster models in the agricultural sector, notably in the bee-keeping, seed production (including financing of this activity), as well as legislative stimulus to shift towards «green» biotechnology in the domestic agriculture. Based on the research conducted, the authors have proposed mechanisms to improve the current Russian legislation in the spheres of innovation development and support for quality and safety of agricultural production.peer-reviewe

Використання мікробіологічного препарату «Tамір» для очищення комунально-побутових стічних вод

An optimal concentration of the microbiological preparation «Tamir» was determined for the effective purufication process of the sewage.The factors influencing the process and the time history of the major chemical and bacteriological parameters in the samples are discussed. The preparation exterminates pathogenic bacteria in the water, deodorizes the air, increases the efficiency of the treatment facilities. It is supposed that the «Tamir» use would be economically sound.Используя микробиологический препарат «Тамир» в процессе очистки коммунально-бытовых сточных вод, подобрали оптимальную концентрацию препарата. Рассмотрены факторы, влияющие на процесс, а также динамика изменения основных химических и бактериологических показателей изучаемых образцов. Микроорганизмы способны уничтожать болезнетворные бактерии в очищаемой воде, дезодорируют воздух, повышают эффективность работы очистных сооружений. Предполагается, что использование «Тамира» будет экономически выгодным.Використовуючи мікробіологічний препарат «Тамір» у процесі очищення комунально-побутових стічних вод, визначили оптимальну концентрацію препарату. Розглянуто чинники, які впливають на процес, а також динаміку зміни основних хімічних і бактеріологічних показників у відібраних зразках. Мікроорганізми здатні знищувати хвороботвірні бактерії у воді, яку вони очищують, дезодорують повітря, підвищують ефективність роботи очисних споруд. Передбачається, що використання «Таміру» буде економічно вигідним.

Novel extracellular ribonuclease from Bacillus intermedius - binase II: Purification and some properties of the enzyme

The recombinant enzyme binase II was isolated from the culture liquid of Bacillus subtilis 3922 transformed with the pJF28 plasmid bearing the birB gene. The procedure of the enzyme purification included precipitation by polyethylene glycol with subsequent chromatography on DEAE-cellulose, heparin-Sepharose, and Toyopearl TSK-gel. The enzyme was purified 142-fold yielding a preparation with specific activity 1633 U/mg. The molecular weight of binase II is 30 kD. The enzyme is activated by Mg2+ and virtually completely inhibited by EDTA. The pH optimum for the reaction of RNA hydrolysis is 8.5. The properties of the enzyme are close to those of RNase Bsn from B. subtilis. The character of cleaving of synthetic single- and double-stranded polyribonucleotides by binase II suggests that the enzyme binds the substrate in the helix conformation, and its catalytic mechanism is close to that of RNase VI from cobra venom

The effect of feedstock treatment on the deasphalting process

© 2018, © 2018 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. Transportation and further processing techniques of natural bitumen are of high demand nowadays. In the present article, deasphalting of bitumen with low-molecular oxygen containing solvents was proposed. A method for regulating the process of deasphalting aimed at increasing the yield of low-viscosity deasphalted oil was developed. The influence of the depth of distillation and solvent: feed ratio on the yield of the products of deasphalting was revealed. A study on various technological options for the primary processing of natural bitumen and ultra-high-viscosity oils for pipeline transport was conducted

COMPLEX PROGRAMS FOR MODELING HIGHWAY: PARK, PROFILE AND COMPOSITION

The main part of developing computer-aided design of roads are simulation systems to see the road in action. Modeling of the functioning of the road in such a simulation system - this test road design in the computer. This article describes three modules: PARK, PROFILE, COMPOSITION and comprising a set of process simulation programs functioning road. A significant increase in the accuracy of simulation results provides software parks established normative reference database of technical and economic parameters of vehicles belonging to the stream. Completeness framework allows continuous adjustment and constant up-dating of the parameters types of cars in different scales calculation excludes construction and operating costs in justifying economic calculations optimality design solutions and increases the reliability of evaluating the effectiveness of capital investments in the construction and reconstruction of roads. Optimization of the design solutions in general, as a single continuous sequence of combinations of elements contributes to road profile program that analyzes the geometric elements of the plan, longitudinal section, compressing the geometry information of the way for the subsequent modeling of the functioning of the road. Program PROFILE (and built on its basis BASIS program, PROFILE) is a nexus between the projecting programs and programs that simulate traffic. Transport and road performance computer modeled for a particular stream of automobile. Technical and economic parameters of vehicles belonging to the flow (up to 20, which is sufficient for practical and research tasks) and their percentage in the flow of the program selects COMPOSITION regulatory reference framework articulated earlier PARK module and writes them to a working file for their subsequent use module RIDE

ОСНОВНЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ ВЫХОДА РЕСПУБЛИКИ БЕЛАРУСЬ НА МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫЕ РЫНКИ БУТИЛИРОВАННЫХ ВОД

The Republic of Belarus has significant reserves of ground fresh and mineral water. Consumption of bottled water in the world has a tendency of steady growth. In this regard, Belarus can increase production and sale of bottled water on the external  and domestic markets as well. The paper  describes main tendencies prevailing on the world market;  it contains an analysis of the normative and legal foundation on regulation of production and sale of bottled water in the Republic and abroad; the paper also estimates the possibilities to increase volume of export water. Республика Беларусь обладает значительными резервами пресных и минеральных подземных вод. Потребление бутилированной воды в мире имеет устойчивую тенденцию роста. В связи с этим Беларусь может увеличить объемы добычи, производства и реализации бутилированной воды как на внешнем, так и на внутреннем рынке. Описываются основные тенденции, сложившиеся на мировом рынке; анализируется нормативно-правовая база регулирования производства и реализации бутилированных вод в республике и за рубежом; оцениваются возможности увеличения объема экспортируемых вод.