Simultaneous Monitoring of Intracranial Pressure and Cerebral Blood Flow in Patients with Severe Brain Injury

37 patients with severe brain injury (admission Glasgow Coma Score 8 or below) were simultaneously monitored for intracranialand cerebral perfusion pressure and cerebral blood flow using transcranial Doppler ultrasonography. Pearson correlation coefficientswere calculated to analyze relationships between quantitative variables. It was established that the increase of intracranial pressureleads to formation of Doppler ultrasonographic pattern of reduced perfusion, which involves relative decrease of mean linearblood flow velocity (primarily due to decrease of end-diastolic blood flow velocity) and increase of peripheral resistivity indices (pulsatility and resistivity indices)

Fundamentals of forecasting explosive gas accumulation formation in working areas of coal mines

This article presents a methodological approach to solving the problem of predicting local methane accumulations in order to prevent occupational injuries resulting from explosions of methane-air mixtures. On the basis of the analysis of accidents that occurred in coal mines and industrial injuries of miners (mine workers) it is established that the leading role belongs to explosions of methane-air mixtures. The method/methodology considered in the article is based on a comprehensive analysis, first of all, of both mining and geological and other influencing factors and conditions of operating mines of the Pechersk coal basin, as well as aerogas-dynamic processes of mass transfer of air flows in mine workings. The assumption about influence of mining equipment on the process of formation of methane accumulation sites is made. The algorithm of consecutive actions of managerial engineering and technical personnel to reduce industrial injuries is proposed. The developed algorithm implies the use of applied software for modelling aerogas-dynamic processes in the mining excavation operating region. FlowVision and ANSYS Fluent application software packages were selected to determine the methane accumulation locations based on the analysis of existing application programmes

Results of the study of kinetic parameters of spontaneous combustion of coal dust

The article is devoted to the study of the problem of spontaneous combustion of energy grades of coal not only during storage, but also during transportation. As the main samples for the study, the energy grades of SS and Zh coals were selected. The main task of the scientific research was to study the rate of cooling and heating of coal depending on their thermophysical parameters and environmental parameters. To solve this problem, the authors used both the author's installations designed to study the thermophysical parameters of the spontaneous combustion process (the Ya.S.Kiselev method), and the NETZSCH STA 449 F3 Jupiter synchronous thermal analysis device, the NETZSCH Proteus Termal Analysis software package. On the basis of a complex study of the spontaneous combustion process, the authors of the article obtained the kinetic characteristics of the spontaneous heating process (activation energy and pre-exponential multiplier). Nomograms of the permissible size of coal density of different types and shapes of accumulation depending on the ambient temperature are presented, practical recommendations for the prevention (avoidance) of spontaneous combustion of coal fuel are given

Study of the characteristics of organic mining materials affecting their explosive properties

The article analyzes the explosive and fire-hazardous properties of coal dust of various dispersions using the example of coal mine dust. The authors proposed sample preparation methods for obtaining and studying dust fractions with a dispersity of less than 800 microns. The results of a study of the shapes of dust particles are presented. To study the characteristic particle sizes the authors suggested using the optical microscopy method implemented using a LEICA DM 4000 microscope and the “Image Scope Color” information processing application. To assess the reactivity of dust particles, the authors used a simultaneous thermal analysis method implemented using an STA 449 F1 Jupiter with NETZSCH Proteus Software. The results of a thermogravimetric study of narrow fractions of organic coal dust are presented. The influence of dispersion on the explosive properties of dusts has been established. The results obtained showed the need and expediency of further study of precisely fine fractions of explosive dusts of this kind

An integrated approach to safety in the design and operation of open-pit mining facilities

The article presents a pioneering integrated approach to assessing compliance with environmental, fire, industrial safety, and labor protection requirements in open-pit mining operations. The study was conducted at two existing open-pit mining facilities located in the Trans-Baikal Territory of the Russian Federation, analyzing the causes of injuries, statistical data, and comparing the mining technologies used. The key findings emphasize that the efficiency of deposit development and the safety of mining operations are heavily dependent on the quality of the technical design. The article also discusses software systems used for the design of mining facilities, which enable monitoring of the safety and labor protection aspects during quarry operation. The results of the comparative analysis are expected to be of interest to both quarry design specialists and the engineering and technical personnel of existing open-pit mining facilities. This integrated approach represents a significant advancement in the field, providing a comprehensive framework for enhancing safety and operational efficiency in the mining industry

Limit behaviour of solving linear elliptic and parabolic equations

The existence conditions of non-stationary and L_2-limits for solutions of second order linear parabolic equations in the non-smooth fields and also for solution of the high order elliptic and parabolic equations in half-space have been obtainedAvailable from VNTIC / VNTIC - Scientific & Technical Information Centre of RussiaSIGLERURussian Federatio

Implementation of a risk-based OHS management system at IMC mining company

IMC mining company produces gold and silver. In mining operations that are carried out every day in the workplace, there must be dangers and risks. All these hazards are more related to the transport systems and transport used in the mining process. International mining company (IMC) underground mines definitely have operations division jobs with a high level of risk against work accidents, for example, maintenance of transport installations and the systems. Therefore, it is important to identify hazards, risk assessments, and determine the type of risk control in the section where work accidents are found. Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment Determining Control is a prevention program against fatal incidents. Risk Management at IMC is based on the Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment Determining Control (HIRADC) methodology which focuses on managing mining safety risks. This article aims to find out what the potential hazards and risks are contained in the work of the engineering and transport of underground mining division as well as provide preventive measures to reduce these risks

Estimation of parameters for endogenous hotspot emergence during coal cargo transportation by bulk carriers

The article briefly describes the fire and explosion properties of coal raw materials (hard coal of different grades). The relevance of the problem is shown on the example of incidents occurring during transportation of coal raw materials by different modes of transport. The issues of bulk coal transportation are considered in more detail. The paper aims at determining kinetic parameters of low-temperature oxidation processes leading to self-heating and/or spontaneous combustion of coal, and at determining optimal forms of combustion. On the basis of the data obtained, it is suggested to use bulk cargo holds with strictly defined geometric characteristics. The methodological approach of Prof. J.S. Kiselev and the method of synchronous thermal analysis were chosen as the main method of research. The method proposed by J.S. Kiselev is based on the application of a dry-air thermostat. It permits the study of dependence of the occurrence of spontaneous combustion processes in the coal mass on the thermal-physical parameters and the ambient parameters by obtaining the curves of the heating and cooling rates. The method of synchronous thermal analysis applied by the authors made it possible to prove the need for more careful control of fine coal fractions. Thus, the authors have established the dependence of the rate of oxidative thermochemical processes of pyrolysis on the fractional composition of the sample by applying a highly scientific method. As a result of experimental studies, the authors have calculated the main kinetic parameters of autoignition, namely, activation energy and preexponential multiplier. They suggested geometric characteristics of the shape of the coal accumulation and the bulkhead hold that would minimise the probability of spontaneous combustion within coal accumulation

Acoustic Safety Management at the Locksmith’s Workplace Mechanic-Repairman to Replace the Filter Material in the Technological Process of Obtaining of Apatite Concentrate

In this work, measures are being developed to reduce the noise level at the workplace of a mechanic-repairman to replace filter cloth. Based on the results of production control and a thorough assessment of working conditions, the source of noise was determined to be the VDN-17 fan. The analysis of Russian and foreign studies in the field of the negative impact of noise on the human health and methods of dealing with industrial noise has been carried out. As a result, a technical method of reducing negative impact of noise was selected and the acoustic efficiency of the muffler for the VDN-17 fan was calculated

Fundamentals of forecasting explosive gas accumulation formation in working areas of coal mines

This article presents a methodological approach to solving the problem of predicting local methane accumulations in order to prevent occupational injuries resulting from explosions of methane-air mixtures. On the basis of the analysis of accidents that occurred in coal mines and industrial injuries of miners (mine workers) it is established that the leading role belongs to explosions of methane-air mixtures. The method/methodology considered in the article is based on a comprehensive analysis, first of all, of both mining and geological and other influencing factors and conditions of operating mines of the Pechersk coal basin, as well as aerogas-dynamic processes of mass transfer of air flows in mine workings. The assumption about influence of mining equipment on the process of formation of methane accumulation sites is made. The algorithm of consecutive actions of managerial engineering and technical personnel to reduce industrial injuries is proposed. The developed algorithm implies the use of applied software for modelling aerogas-dynamic processes in the mining excavation operating region. FlowVision and ANSYS Fluent application software packages were selected to determine the methane accumulation locations based on the analysis of existing application programmes