Гибридные аналоги ретиноидов как инструменты для исследований в области нанобиофотоники

This mini-review presents experimental data obtained by the authors in the context of a cycle of structural-functional research on bionanophotochrome bacteriorhodopsin carried out during the past 10 years. We reviewed the synthetic routes and structure-spectral parameters-properties relationship for a number of series of hybrid retinoid analogs and bacteriorhodopsin analogs based on them.В настоящем мини-обзоре представлены собственные экспериментальные данные, полученные авторами в рамках цикла структурно-функциональных исследований бионанофотохрома бактериородопсина в течение последних 10 лет. Рассмотрены методы получения, свойства и взаимосвязь структура-спектральные параметры в нескольких сериях гибридных аналогов ретиноидов и аналогов бактериородопсина на их основе

Clustering algorithm with projection for solving problems of optimal allocation of transport facilities

The paper proposes a mathematical model and a new method for solving the problem of optimal location of logistic centers for a two-level railway transportation network based on the application of the mathematical apparatus of cluster analysis. Given the geo-information parameters of the supplier plants, as well as the railroad networks specified by the railroad stations, the task of the optimal choice of railway stations container points (CP) is set. The criterion is to minimize the total amount of traffic in ton-kilometers from the production plant to the CP. For this purpose, the model of dividing the object into clusters is used as an optimization mathematical model. The required clusters are subsets of production points with their own CP centers. Since cluster centers must necessarily be located at railway stations, the article suggests a new clustering algorithm with projection. The possibilities of such a clustering algorithm, called k-means pro, are explored. A method of optimizing the choice of location of container storage distribution centers as second-level centers for a two-level transportation network is described

Pre-conditioning with remote photobiomodulation modulates the brain transcriptome and protects against MPTP insult in mice

Transcranial photobiomodulation (PBM), which involves the application of low-intensity red to near-infrared light (600-1100 nm) to the head, provides neuroprotection in animal models of various neurodegenerative diseases. However, the absorption of light energy by the human scalp and skull may limit the utility of transcranial PBM in clinical contexts. We have previously shown that targeting light at peripheral tissues (i.e. "remote PBM") also provides protection of the brain in an MPTP mouse model of Parkinson's disease, suggesting remote PBM might be a viable alternative strategy for overcoming penetration issues associated with transcranial PBM. This present study aimed to determine an effective pre-conditioning regimen of remote PBM for inducing neuroprotection and elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which remote PBM enhances the resilience of brain tissue. Balb/c mice were irradiated with 670-nm light (4 J/cm(2) per day) targeting dorsum and hindlimbs for 2, 5 or 10 days, followed by injection of the parkinsonian neurotoxin MPTP (50 mg/kg) over two consecutive days. Despite no direct irradiation of the head, 10 days of pre-conditioning with remote PBM significantly attenuated MPTP-induced loss of midbrain tyrosine hydroxylase-positive dopaminergic cells and mitigated the increase in FOS-positive neurons in the caudate-putamen complex. Interrogation of the midbrain transcriptome by RNA microarray and pathway enrichment analysis suggested upregulation of cell signaling and migration (including CXCR4(+) stem cell and adipocytokine signaling), oxidative stress response pathways and modulation of the blood-brain barrier following remote PBM. These findings establish remote PBM preconditioning as a viable neuroprotective intervention and provide insights into the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon

Widespread brain transcriptome alterations underlie the neuroprotective actions of dietary saffron

Dietary saffron has shown promise as a neuroprotective intervention in clinical trials of retinal degeneration and dementia and in animal models of multiple CNS disorders, including Parkinson's disease. This therapeutic potential makes it important to define the relationship between dose and protection and the mechanisms involved. To explore these two issues, mice were pre-conditioned by providing an aqueous extract of saffron (0.01% w/v) as their drinking water for 2, 5 or 10\ua0days before administration of the parkinsonian neurotoxin MPTP (50\ua0mg/kg). Five days of saffron pre-conditioning provided the greatest benefit against MPTP-induced neuropathology, significantly mitigating both loss of functional dopaminergic cells in the substantia nigra pars compacta (p\ua

Hybrid retinoid analogs as instruments for the nanobiophotonic researches

This mini-review presents experimental data obtained by the authors in the context of a cycle of structural-functional research on bionanophotochrome bacteriorhodopsin carried out during the past 10 years. We reviewed the synthetic routes and structure-spectral parameters-properties relationship for a number of series of hybrid retinoid analogs and bacteriorhodopsin analogs based on them

The performance of solarscan : an automated dermoscopy image analysis instrument for the diagnosis of primary melanoma

Objective To describe the diagnostic performance of SolarScan (Polartechnics Ltd, Sydney, Australia), an automated instrument for the diagnosis of primary melanoma.Design Images from a data set of 2430 lesions (382 were melanomas; median Breslow thickness, 0.36 mm) were divided into a training set and an independent test set at a ratio of approximately 2:1. A diagnostic algorithm (absolute diagnosis of melanoma vs benign lesion and estimated probability of melanoma) was developed and its performance described on the test set. High-quality clinical and dermoscopy images with a detailed patient history for 78 lesions (13 of which were melanomas) from the test set were given to various clinicians to compare their diagnostic accuracy with that of SolarScan.Setting Seven specialist referral centers and 2 general practice skin cancer clinics from 3 continents. Comparison between clinician diagnosis and SolarScan diagnosis was by 3 dermoscopy experts, 4 dermatologists, 3 trainee dermatologists, and 3 general practitioners.Patients Images of the melanocytic lesions were obtained from patients who required either excision or digital monitoring to exclude malignancy.Main Outcome Measures Sensitivity, specificity, the area under the receiver operator characteristic curve, median probability for the diagnosis of melanoma, a direct comparison of SolarScan with diagnoses performed by humans, and interinstrument and intrainstrument reproducibility.Results The melanocytic-only diagnostic model was highly reproducible in the test set and gave a sensitivity of 91% (95% confidence interval [CI], 86%-96%) and specificity of 68% (95% CI, 64%-72%) for melanoma. SolarScan had comparable or superior sensitivity and specificity (85% vs 65%) compared with those of experts (90% vs 59%), dermatologists (81% vs 60%), trainees (85% vs 36%; P =.06), and general practitioners (62% vs 63%). The intraclass correlation coefficient of intrainstrument repeatability was 0.86 (95% CI, 0.83-0.88), indicating an excellent repeatability. There was no significant interinstrument variation (P = .80).Conclusions SolarScan is a robust diagnostic instrument for pigmented or partially pigmented melanocytic lesions of the skin. Preliminary data suggest that its performance is comparable or superior to that of a range of clinician groups. However, these findings should be confirmed in a formal clinical trial.<br /