Globalization, skilled migration and poverty alleviation: brain drains in context

The debate on the ‘brain drain’, or the emigration of skilled workers, is not new but it has taken on greater urgency in the context of a globalizing economy and ageing societies. Today, the developed world is perceived as poaching the best and the brightest from the developing world, thus prejudicing those countries of their chance of development. This paper starts with two guarded caveats: first, that any brain drain is as much internal within any country as it is among countries and, second, that the skilled migration system should not be seen in isolation from other types of migration. The paper reviews the data available for the analysis of skilled migration and identifies the main global trends. It goes on to examine the globalization of education and of health as reflected in the movement of students and health personnel. Large numbers of people from developing countries are being trained overseas and, of those trained at home, many cannot be absorbed productively into their economies of origin. The paper examines the case for a two-tiered health training system, one for global markets and the other for local markets. Retention and return of the skilled are examined through the potential for outsourcing in both education and health care. However, the association between the presence or absence of health personnel and the health status of a population is seen as simplistic. The paper concludes with an examination of policy contradictions within the global system towards skilled migration and offers pointers towards a more integrated approach

Motivations of UK students to study abroad: a survey of school-leavers

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Quantifying international migration : a database of bilateral migrant stocks

This paper introduces four versions of an international bilateral migration stock database for 226 by 226 countries and territories. The first three versions each consist of two matrices, the first containing migrants defined by country of birth, that is, the foreign-born population; the second, by nationality, that is, the foreign population. Wherever possible, the information is collected from the 2000 round of censuses, though older data are included where this information was unavailable. The first version of the matrices contains as much data as could be collated at the time of writing but also contains gaps. The later versions progressively use a variety of techniques to estimate the missing data. The final matrix, comprising only the foreign-born, attempts to reconcile all of the available information to provide the researcher with a single and complete matrix of international bilateral migrant stocks. The final section of the paper describes some of the patterns evident in the database. For example, immigration to the United States is dominated by Latin America, whereas Western European immigration draws heavily on Eastern Europe, Central Asia, and the Mediterranean region. Over one-third of world migration is from developing to industrial countries and about a quarter between developing countries. Intra-developed country and intra-FSU (former Soviet Union) flows each account for about 15 percent of the total. Over half of migration is between countries with linguistic ties. Africa accounts for 8 percent of Western Europe's immigration and much less of that to other rich regions.Population Policies,International Migration,Human Migrations&Resettlements,Voluntary and Involuntary Resettlement,Statistical&Mathematical Sciences

Australia, Hong Kong and 1997: the population connection

What is the likely impact for migration to Australia of Hong Kong's incorporation into the People's Republic of China in 1997? Recent movements of people to and from Australia and Hong Kong suggest it may not be as great as some imagine

Pohybem k cili

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[Review] Janet W Salaff, Siu-Lun Wong and Arent Greve (2010) Hong Kong: migrant lives, landscapes, and journeys

Hong Kong Movers and Stayers: Narratives of Family Migration. Janet W. Salaff, Siu-Lun Wong and Arent Greve. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2010. viii + 259 pp. 30.00;£20.99.ISBN978−0−252−07704−3 Hong Kong: Migrant Lives, Landscapes, and Journeys. Caroline Knowles and Douglas Harper. Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 2009.vi + 270pp. 19.00; £13.00. ISBN 978-0-226-44857-2

Recent Migration to Hong-Kong

Les migrations récentes vers Hong Kong Hong Kong est une enclave du système capitaliste occidental à la périphérie du monde socialiste. Les relations entre Hong Kong et la République Populaire de Chine ne se réduisent pas seulement à des flux de capitaux, mais il y a de très importantes relations humaines. Hong Kong est une ville de migrants, mais malgré de grands efforts pour contrôler les mouvements d'immigration pendant la période récente, les relations entre les systèmes capitaliste et socialiste se développent d'une manière continue en étroite liaison avec les mouvements de population. L'article présente les migrations de la population de la Chine vers Hong Kong, pendant la période récente : 1970-1980.Skeldon Ronald. Recent Migration to Hong-Kong. In: Espace, populations, sociétés, 1985-1. Migrations et urbanisation - Migrations and cities. pp. 99-107

China: an emerging destination for economic migration

In the past few decades, China has undergone enormous political, economic, and demographic changes that have transformed the realities of migration to and from the country. In addition to large flows of emigrants leaving in search of opportunities elsewhere and the persisting, more traditional streams of internal migrants for which China is known, a new trend of immigration to the fast-developing country is emerging. The driving force behind the recent trend of immigration to China — the world's most populous nation — has been the country’s rapid economic growth, compounded by its passage through a demographic transition. The growth of the Chinese labor force is slowing drastically at a time of mounting demand for labor, and this fact has increased pressure on wages and the country’s aging population. The full impact of these demographic and economic changes on immigration remains to be seen. It is too early to see any evidence of an emerging "turnaround" in which net emigration gives way to net immigration; a trend seen in other rapidly growing economies in East Asia

Migration, the Asian financial crisis and its aftermath

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