Metal spinning of axially symmetric parts using proportional electro-hydraulic drive with tracking system

В роботі розглянуті методи та верстатне обладнання для виконання процесу ротаційної витяжки. Запропоновано застосувати для виконання процесу ротаційної витяжки електрогідравлічний привод зі стежною системою, що дає можливість виготовляти деталі на різних верстатах токарно-фрезерної групи включаючи верстати з ЧПК. Розроблено розрахункову схему та математичну модель електрогідравлічного приводу та проведені порівняльні дослідження його роботи зі стежною системою та без неї.В работе рассмотрены методы и станочное оборудование для выполнения процесса ротационной вытяжки. Предложено применить для выполнения процесса ротационной вытяжки электрогидравлический следящий привод, что позволяет изготавливать детали на различных станках токарно-фрезерной группы, включая станки с ЧПУ. Разработана расчетная схема и математическая модель электрогидравлического следящего привода и проведены сравнительные исследования его работы со следящей системой и без нее.The paper discusses methods and machine equipment for metal spinning process. It is proposed to apply for performing of metal spinning process electro-hydraulic drive with a tracking system that allows to produce parts by different machines such as turning, milling including CNC machines. The design scheme and a mathematical model of the electro-hydraulic drive are developed. Comparative researches of electro-hydraulic drive work with a tracking system and without it are carried out

Quark Potential in a Quark-Meson Plasma

We investigate quark potential by considering meson exchanges in the two flavor Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model at finite temperature and density. There are two kinds of oscillations in the chiral restoration phase, one is the Friedel oscillation due to the sharp quark Fermi surface at high density, and the other is the Yukawa oscillation driven by the complex meson poles at high temperature. The quark-meson plasma is strongly coupled in the temperature region $1\le T/T_c \lesssim 3$ with $T_c$ being the critical temperature of chiral phase transition. The maximum coupling in this region is located at the critical point.Comment: 8 pages and 8 figure

Adiabatic perturbation theory and geometry of periodically-driven systems

We give a systematic review of the adiabatic theorem and the leading non-adiabatic corrections in periodically-driven (Floquet) systems. These corrections have a two-fold origin: (i) conventional ones originating from the gradually changing Floquet Hamiltonian and (ii) corrections originating from changing the micro-motion operator. These corrections conspire to give a Hall-type linear response for non-stroboscopic (time-averaged) observables allowing one to measure the Berry curvature and the Chern number related to the Floquet Hamiltonian, thus extending these concepts to periodically-driven many-body systems. The non-zero Floquet Chern number allows one to realize a Thouless energy pump, where one can adiabatically add energy to the system in discrete units of the driving frequency. We discuss the validity of Floquet Adiabatic Perturbation Theory (FAPT) using five different models covering linear and non-linear few and many-particle systems. We argue that in interacting systems, even in the stable high-frequency regimes, FAPT breaks down at ultra slow ramp rates due to avoided crossings of photon resonances, not captured by the inverse-frequency expansion, leading to a counter-intuitive stronger heating at slower ramp rates. Nevertheless, large windows in the ramp rate are shown to exist for which the physics of interacting driven systems is well captured by FAPT.The authors would like to thank M. Aidelsburger, M. Atala, E. Dalla Torre, N. Goldman, M. Heyl, D. Huse, G. Jotzu, C. Kennedy, M. Lohse, T. Mori, L. Pollet, M. Rudner, A. Russomanno, and C. Schweizer for fruitful discussions. This work was supported by AFOSR FA9550-16-1-0334, NSF DMR-1506340, ARO W911NF1410540, and the Hungarian research grant OTKA Nos. K101244, K105149. M. K. was supported by Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) funding from Berkeley Lab, provided by the Director, Office of Science, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. The authors are pleased to acknowledge that the computational work reported in this paper was performed on the Shared Computing Cluster which is administered by Boston University's Research Computing Services. The authors also acknowledge the Research Computing Services group for providing consulting support which has contributed to the results reported within this paper. The study of the driven non-integrable transverse-field Ising model was carried out using QuSpin [185] - an open-source state-of-the-art Python package for dynamics and exact diagonalization of quantum many body systems, available to download here. (FA9550-16-1-0334 - AFOSR; DMR-1506340 - NSF; W911NF1410540 - ARO; K101244 - Hungarian research grant OTKA; K105149 - Hungarian research grant OTKA; DE-AC02-05CH11231 - Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) funding from Berkeley Lab)https://arxiv.org/pdf/1606.02229.pd

Oral particle uptake and organ targeting drives the activity of amphotericin B nanoparticles

There are very few drug delivery systems that target key organs via the oral route, as oral delivery advances normally address gastrointestinal drug dissolution, permeation, and stability. Here we introduce a nanomedicine in which nanoparticles, while also protecting the drug from gastric degradation, are taken up by the gastrointestinal epithelia and transported to the lung, liver, and spleen, thus selectively enhancing drug bioavailability in these target organs and diminishing kidney exposure (relevant to nephrotoxic drugs). Our work demonstrates, for the first time, that oral particle uptake and translocation to specific organs may be used to achieve a beneficial therapeutic response. We have illustrated this using amphotericin B, a nephrotoxic drug encapsulated within <i>N</i>-palmitoyl-<i>N</i>-methyl-<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-dimethyl-<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-trimethyl-6-<i>O</i>-glycol chitosan (GCPQ) nanoparticles, and have evidenced our approach in three separate disease states (visceral leishmaniasis, candidiasis, and aspergillosis) using industry standard models of the disease in small animals. The oral bioavailability of AmB-GCPQ nanoparticles is 24%. In all disease models, AmB-GCPQ nanoparticles show comparable efficacy to parenteral liposomal AmB (AmBisome). Our work thus paves the way for others to use nanoparticles to achieve a specific targeted delivery of drug to key organs via the oral route. This is especially important for drugs with a narrow therapeutic index

Influence of addictions on stomatologic health and progress of students of higher education institutions

The work purpose - to study interrelation between the frequency of distribution of addictions and a state of health of students of higher education institutions. Examination of 365 students of stomatologic faculty of the Perm state medical university at the age of 21-26 years, and also 44 students of chemical faculty of the Perm state scientific research university at the age of 20-22 years is conducted. In the I gr. supervision special attention was paid on a condition of the mucous membrane of an oral cavity (MMOC) and the red border of lips (RBL) of the smoking students, and in the II gr. - on progress level depending on the frequency of distribution of addictions (smoking, alcohol intake). The obtained data confirm need of dispensary supervision over students, since their 1 st course in HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTION, and teachers should carry out an individual approach when carrying out teaching and educational work.Цель работы - изучить взаимосвязь между частотой распространения вредных привычек и состоянием здоровья студентов вузов. Проведено обследование 365 студентов стоматологического факультета Пермского государственного медицинского университета в возрасте 21-26 лет, а также 44 студентов химического факультета Пермского государственного научного исследовательского университета в возрасте 20-22 лет. В l-й гр. наблюдений особое внимание обращали на состояние слизистой оболочки полости рта (СОПР) и красной каймы губ (ККГ) курящих студентов, а во II-й гр. - на уровень успеваемости в зависимости от частоты распространения вредных привычек (курение, употребление алкоголя). Полученные данные свидетельствуют о необходимости диспансерного наблюдения за студентами, начиная с 1-го курса обучения их в ВУЗе, а преподавателям следует осуществлять индивидуальный подход при проведении учебно-воспитательной работы

Sprouty2 and Spred1-2 Proteins Inhibit the Activation of the ERK Pathway Elicited by Cyclopentenone Prostanoids

Sprouty and Spred proteins have been widely implicated in the negative regulation of the fibroblast growth factor receptor-extracellular regulated kinase (ERK) pathway. In considering the functional role of these proteins, we explored their effects on ERK activation induced by cyclopentenone prostanoids, which bind to and activate Ras proteins. We therefore found that ectopic overexpression in HeLa cells of human Sprouty2, or human Spred1 or 2, inhibits ERK1/2 and Elk-1 activation triggered by the cyclopentenone prostanoids PGA1 and 15d-PGJ2. Furthermore, we found that in HT cells that do not express Sprouty2 due to hypermethylation of its gene-promoter, PGA1-provoked ERK activation was more intense and sustained compared to other hematopoietic cell lines with unaltered Sprouty2 expression. Cyclopentenone prostanoids did not induce Sprouty2 tyrosine phosphorylation, in agreement with its incapability to activate tyrosine-kinase receptors. However, Sprouty2 Y55F, which acts as a defective mutant upon tyrosine-kinase receptor stimulation, did not inhibit cyclopentenone prostanoids-elicited ERK pathway activation. In addition, Sprouty2 did not affect the Ras-GTP levels promoted by cyclopentenone prostanoids. These results unveil both common and differential features in the activation of Ras-dependent pathways by cyclopentenone prostanoids and growth factors. Moreover, they provide the first evidence that Sprouty and Spred proteins are negative regulators of the ERK/Elk-1 pathway activation induced not only by growth-factors, but also by reactive lipidic mediators

Analysis of compound heterozygotes reveals that the mouse floxed Pax6 tm1Ued allele produces abnormal eye phenotypes

Analysis of abnormal phenotypes produced by different types of mutations has been crucial for our understanding of gene function. Some floxed alleles that retain a neomycin-resistance selection cassette (neo cassette) are not equivalent to wild-type alleles and provide useful experimental resources. Pax6 is an important developmental gene and the aim of this study was to determine whether the floxed Pax6(tm1Ued) (Pax6(fl)) allele, which has a retained neo cassette, produced any abnormal eye phenotypes that would imply that it differs from the wild-type allele. Homozygous Pax6(fl/fl) and heterozygous Pax6(fl/+) mice had no overt qualitative eye abnormalities but morphometric analysis showed that Pax6(fl/fl) corneas tended be thicker and smaller in diameter. To aid identification of weak effects, we produced compound heterozygotes with the Pax6(Sey-Neu) (Pax6(−)) null allele. Pax6(fl/−) compound heterozygotes had more severe eye abnormalities than Pax6(+/−) heterozygotes, implying that Pax6(fl) differs from the wild-type Pax6(+) allele. Immunohistochemistry showed that the Pax6(fl/−) corneal epithelium was positive for keratin 19 and negative for keratin 12, indicating that it was abnormally differentiated. This Pax6(fl) allele provides a useful addition to the existing Pax6 allelic series and this study demonstrates the utility of using compound heterozygotes with null alleles to unmask cryptic effects of floxed alleles. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s11248-016-9962-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users

Sprouty Proteins Inhibit Receptor-mediated Activation of Phosphatidylinositol-specific Phospholipase C

PLCγ03B3 binds Spry1 and Spry2. Overexpression of Spry decreased PLCγ03B3 activity and IP3 and DAG production, whereas Spry-deficient cells yielded more IP3. Spry overexpression inhibited T-cell receptor signaling and Spry1 null T-cells hyperproliferated with TCR ligation. Through action of PLCγ03B3, Spry may influence signaling through multiple receptors

Результаты радикальной простатэктомии при лечении местно-распространенного рака предстательной железы: клинические наблюдения

Background. Radical prostatectomy in treatment of locally advanced prostate cancer is currently recommended as one of the stages of multimodal therapy. Despite this, the expediency of surgical intervention remains a subject of discussion: based on the results of their own research, supporters of surgical tactics for treatment of locally advanced prostate cancer point to the effectiveness and relative safety of radical prostatectomy, opponents point to the high probability of a positive surgical edge associated with the operation, local tumor recurrence, lymphogenic metastasis, and formation of distant metastases.Aim. To evaluate the outcomes of laparoscopic radical prostatectomy performed in combination with expanded pelvic lymphadenectomy in treatment of prostate adenocarcinoma T3a–3bN0M0.Materials and methods. The perioperative, functional, and oncological results of surgical treatment of patients with locally advanced prostate cancer (n = 32) aged between 46 years to 71 years were analyzed. The follow-up period averaged 9–36 months (median 13 months).Results. Mean total duration of surgical intervention and mean volume of intraoperative blood loss were 182.69 ± 3.99 minutes and 253.06 ± 9.80 ml, respectively. Overestimation of the clinical stage of the disease, according to histological examination of the surgical material, was observed in 6.3 % of patients. After the intervention, the function of urinary retention was preserved and did not require correction in 65.6 % of men. In all patients 6 months after the operation, the urinary volume, maximum and mean urine flow rates were normalized, and there was a trend toward a decrease in the post-void residual volume. During the entire follow-up period, there were no signs of biochemical relapse in 78.1 % of patients. None of the participants dropped out of the study due to death.Conclusion. Over the last 20 years in specialized medical periodicals, author teams from various countries have shown the immediate and remote (follow-up period from 3 to 20 years) outcomes of radical surgical treatment of locally advanced prostate cancer in at least 80,000 patients in total, while the criterion for exclusion from research was adjuvant therapy. The authors’ conclusions indicate the effectiveness and relative safety of surgical treatment of locally advanced prostate cancer, as well as the importance of extended pelvic lymphadenectomy, which allows to optimize the tactics of adjuvant therapy if necessary. The results of our own observations are completely comparable with the literature data. Currently, scientific research is continuing with the aim of improving the outcomes of surgical treatment of locally advanced prostate cancer, in particular clarifying the role of individual prognostic factors, improving prediction techniques and choosing a rational scheme of treatment measures. Введение. Радикальная простатэктомия при лечении местно-распространенного рака предстательной железы в настоящее время рекомендована в качестве одного из этапов мультимодальной терапии. Целесообразность оперативного вмешательства остается предметом дискуссии. На основании результатов собственных исследований сторонники хирургической тактики лечения местно-распространенного рака предстательной железы указывают на эффективность и относительную безопасность радикальной простатэктомии, противники – на ассоциированную с операцией высокую вероятность положительного хирургического края, локального рецидивирования о пухоли, лимфогенного метастазирования и формирования отдаленных метастазов.Цель исследования – оценка результатов лапароскопической радикальной простатэктомии, проводившейся в комплексе с расширенной тазовой лимфаденэктомией, при лечении аденокарциномы предстательной железы Т3а–3bN0M0.Материалы и методы. Рассмотрены периоперационные, функциональные и онкологические результаты хирургического лечения больных местно-распространенным раком предстательной железы (n = 32) в возрасте от 46 до 71 года. Период наблюдения составил 9–36 мес (медиана 13 мес).Результаты. Общая продолжительность хирургического вмешательства и объем интраоперационной кровопотери составили в среднем 182,69 ± 3,99 мин и 253,06 ± 9,80 мл соответственно. Завышение клинической стадии заболевания по данным гистологического исследования операционного материала наблюдалось у 6,3 % больных. После вмешательства функция удержания мочи была сохранена и не требовала коррекции у 65,6 % мужчин. У всех пациентов через 6 мес после операции были нормализованы объем мочеиспускания, его максимальная и средняя скорости, появилась тенденция к уменьшению объема остаточной мочи. За все время наблюдения признаки формирования биохимического рецидива отсутствовали у 78,1 % пациентов. Ни один из участников не выбыл из исследования по причине смерти.Заключение. За последние 20 лет в специальной медицинской периодике авторскими коллективами из разных стран показаны ближайшие и отдаленные (период наблюдения от 3 до 20 лет) результаты радикального хирургического лечения местно-распространенного рака предстательной железы не менее чем у 80 тыс. пациентов в совокупности, при этом критерием исключения из исследований являлось проведение адъювантной терапии. Выводы авторов свидетельствуют об эффективности и относительной безопасности оперативного лечения местно-распространенного рака предстательной железы, а также о значимости расширенной тазовой лимфаденэктомии, позволяющей оптимизировать тактику адъювантной терапии при ее необходимости. Результаты наших наблюдений полностью сопоставимы с данными литературы. В настоящее время продолжаются научные изыскания, направленные на улучшение результатов хирургического лечения местно-распространенного рака предстательной железы, в частности на уточнение роли отдельных прогностических факторов, совершенствование методов прогнозирования  и выбора рациональной схемы лечебных мероприятий