EVALUATION OF IN VIVO ANTIDIABETIC AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF ARTOCARPUS HIRSUTUS SEEDS IN STREPTOZOTOCIN-INDUCED DIABETIC RATS

ABSTRACTObjective: The objective of the study was to evaluate the antihyperglycemic activity and in vivo antioxidant effect of Artocarpus hirsutus seeds in bothnormal and diabetic rats.Methods: Male Wistar rats weighing about 180-250 g were divided into six groups, of six rats each. Diabetes was induced by giving streptozotocin(30-50 mg/kg) intraperitoneally. Rats, which showed blood glucose levels ≥250 mg/dl, were selected for the study. Metformin (50 mg/kg) was used as a standard oral hypoglycemic agent. Oral glucose tolerance test was performed in all groups of rats. In the estimation of in vivo antioxidant activity,the levels of liver enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), lipid peroxidation, and CAT (catalase) were measured using standard methods.Results: The ethyl acetate seed extract of A. hirsutus at different doses was selected and administered orally. The blood glucose levels were estimatedby the glucose oxidase method, and insulin levels were measured by chemiluminescence assay method. Antihyperglycemic activity of the test drugin diabetic rats showed a significant reduction in blood glucose levels (p<0.001) at 2, 4, 6, and 8 hrs, respectively, as compared to diabetic groups.The antioxidant enzymes SOD and CAT levels were significantly raised, whereas malondialdehyde-thiobarbituric acid residue substances levels havedecreased (p<0.001).Conclusion: The results suggested that A. hirsutus seed extract showed a potential antidiabetic activity and antioxidant effect justifying the use of thedrug for the treatment of diabetes mellitus and its associated oxidative damage.Keywords: Antidiabetic, Antioxidant, Artocarpus hirsutus, Streptozotocin

Comparative Assessment on Linearity Test based V2π and Vπ/2 Voltage Variations of Closed Loop IFOG

Interferometric Fiber Optic Gyroscope (IFOG) has to operate in closed loop condition to achieve inertial grade performance. The closed loop system is mainly depends upon the amplitude of the ramp signal (V2π of IOC) and bias (square wave) signal frequency (fbias). The digital phase ramp function is given as feedback to the optical system and makes gyro to null condition. The peak-to-peak amplitude (Vπ/2) of biasing signal is one-fourth of the ramp amplitude (V2π). If there are any variations in the amplitude of the ramp and biasing signals, then it introduces variations in the gyro performance. In this paper, a comparative discussion made in the gyro parameters for three cases: (i) V2π (vary) & Vπ/2 (constant), (ii) Vπ/2 (vary) & V2π (constant) and (iii) both V2π and Vπ/2 are varying simultaneously. The effects on gyroscope are described with the derived values in terms of linearity. From the experimental results, it was observed that the gyro output is very sensitive with respect to V2π variations and obtained the percentage error of 10% in gyro output, but very less effect due to Vπ/2 variations. So, the proper resetting of ramp voltage (V2π) is required to avoid nonlinearities and instabilities in gyro output

The Quality Demonstration projected in Cloud supervisions

A defender amongst the preeminent vital current examinations inside of the Cloud Computing provisioning is that the Service Level Agreement and its application in ensuring the gave appropriated figuring organizations. The strategy for giving appropriated organizations has been reconsidered as partner result of using dispersed figuring that as a region of flip has well known new challenges with every suppliers and customers. Estimation the character of circulated processing procural from the client's point of view is basic accordingly on surety that the organization fits in with the sum decided inside of the understanding; this is regularly typically implied as Quality of skill. There has been some work in estimation the standard of Service as a strategy for ensuring the organization level in dispersed processing. One in everything about troubles with estimation the standard of aptitude parameters is that gigantic quantities of the parameters are subjective, and thusly makes it challenging to portray a deliberate metric to be utilized for instrumenting the gave organization. This paper depicts a working - headway investigate that attempts to portray partner assessed metric that may be utilized as partner execution live to benchmark SaaS applications in appropriated processing. Such a metric are significant to cloud suppliers and also buyers for ensuring that the sent organizations meet the shopper wants. The conveyed registering applications brings another course of action of data security issues. The cloud security model see capable of SLA (Service Level Agreement) was centered on. From the assurance troubles of conveyed figuring , appropriated registering security risks was compound widely, the organization level understandings was augmented, the CSLA (Cloud Service Level Agreement) structure was anticipated, the cloud security course of action was arranged, the cloud security level auxiliary designing and cloud organizations evaluating and charging models was anticipated

Security Issues in Service Model of Fog Computing Environment

Fog computing is an innovative way to expand the cloud platform by providing computing resources. The platform is a cloud that has the same data, management, storage and application features, but their origins are different because they are deployed to different locations. The platform system can retrieve a large amount, work in the field, be fully loaded, and mount on a variety of hardware devices. With this utility, Fog Framework is perfect for applications and critical moments. Fog computing is similar to cloud computing, but because of its variability, creates new security and privacy challenges that go beyond what is common for fog nodes. This paper aims to understand the impact of security problems and how to overcome them, and to provide future safety guidance for those responsible for building, upgrading and maintaining fog systems

Study of various predictors influencing success with artificial insemination husband

Background: Infertility effects more than 180 million people world-wide and couples should be evaluated to focus on the modifiable factors and various interventions to optimize the results before switching to costly treatments. Artificial insemination husband is one such treatment where various prognostic factors determine the success. Methods: The present study was done in department of reproductive medicine and surgery GSL medical college .All infertile couples attending the clinic and satisfying inclusion and exclusion criteria after proper consent were enrolled for study. Various relevant prognostic factors determining outcome were analysed statistically using the chi square test, the Fischer exact test, and the one way ANNOVA test. Results: In present study, the prevalence of positive pregnancy after IUI procedure was 14.7%. The total pregnancy rate per cycle was 10.6%. Among prognostic factors total motile sperm count, semen preparation technique and first AIH cycle showed positive correlation with the outcome. Conclusions: According to the results of the current study, intrauterine insemination (IUI) can provide many infertile couples with an opportunity of parenting. Before beginning this type of therapy, it is crucial to make the right selection of cases and conduct a thorough assessment of the couples

Simultaneous determination of ezetimibe and simvastatin in rat plasma by stable-isotope dilution LC-ESI–MS/MS and its application to a pharmacokinetic study

AbstractA simple, sensitive and specific liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry method was developed for simultaneous quantification of ezetimibe and simvastatin in rat plasma. The deuterium isotopes: ezetimibe d4 and simvastatin d6 were used as internal standards for ezetimibe and simvastatin, respectively. MS/MS detection involved a switch of electron spray ionization mode from negative to positive at retention time 3.01min. Samples were extracted from plasma by liquid–liquid extraction using tertiary butyl methyl ether. Chromatographic separation was achieved with Agilent Eclipse XBD-C18 column using mobile phase that consisted of a mixture of ammonium acetate (pH4.5; 10mM)–acetonitrile (25:75 v/v). The method was linear and validated over the concentration range of 0.2–40.0ng/mL for simvastatin and 0.05–15.0ng/mL for ezetimibe. The transitions selected were m/z 408.3→271.1 and m/z 412.0→275.10 for ezetimibe and ezetimibe d4, and m/z 419.30→285.20 and m/z 425.40→199.20 for simvastatin and simvastatin d6. Intra- and inter-batch precisions for ezetimibe were 1.6–14.8% and 2.1–13.4%; and for simvastatin 0.94–9.56% and 0.79–12%, respectively. The proposed method was sensitive, selective, precise and accurate for the quantification of ezetimibe and simvastatin simultaneously in rat plasma. The method was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study by oral co-administration of ezetimibe and simvastatin in SD rats

Adaptation and mitigation measures for climate change by the dry land farmers

ABSTRACT Due to climate change, there was significant impact on agriculture and allied areas and led to biotic and abiotic stresses. The study focused on the analyzing the awareness of the dryland farmers on the climate change and also the extent of adoption of adaptation and mitigation measures for climate change. Study was conducted in Chittoor district of Andhra Pradesh with 120 dryland farmers by following appropriate sampling procedure. Structured schedules were prepared for both awareness and adoption of measures for climate change. There was 84.47 percent of awareness on climate related changes followed by 74.27 percent on crop related changes, 73.61 percent on animal husbandry related changes and 61.11 percent on soil& water related changes. The item wise analysis indicates that delayed onset of monsoon, rainfall, temperature, availability of ground water, pests & diseases, drought conditions were the major areas in which farmers were well aware. Increased crop weed competition, reduced quality of produce, Increase in disease transmission, Decreased fertilizer use efficiency were the areas where farmers were not well aware. Intercropping was ranked first in extent of adoption followed by alteration in sowing/ planting dates, micro irrigation systems, use of drought tolerant varieties and use of pest and disease resistant varieties, etc. Very meager percent adoption was observed for crop rotation, high yielding and drought resistant forage crops/varieties, integrated weed management practices, use of suitable breeds/varieties. Strategy consisting of ten broad areas was designed for achieving climate resilient agriculture in dry land areas

Betel leaf yield in relation to soil fertility in Guntur district (Andhra Pradesh)

An attempt was made to survey betelvine gardens in Guntur district of Andhra Pradesh to ascertain soil fertility status and its impact on growth and yield of betelvine. All the soils were clay loam in texture. The pH of the soil was alkaline (7.1 to 8.4) and EC ranged from 0.35 to 1.61 dSm-1. The organic carbon (OC) content of the soil was in the range of 0.55 to 1.24%. The available nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) status ranged from 201 to 313, 10 to 60, 337 to 840 kg ha-1, respectively. Correlation indicated that the growth parameters viz., number of laterals, intermodal length, petiole length and soil parameter viz. pH, EC and P were positively correlated with betel leaf yield but relations were not significant, whereas, plant height and soil nutrients viz., OC content, N and K were significantly and positively correlated with leaf yield. &nbsp