EXCESO DE ATENCIÓN: DE LA COMPOSICIÓN DE UN TRASTORNO EN LA ESCUELA CHILENA

The aim of this article is to explore the epistemic and practical conditions of production of the diagnosis of ADHD in Chilean schools. It develops along two main lines: 1) the role of schools inChile in relation to the characteristics and treatment of this diagnostic category; and 2) the construction of the diagnosis in the classroom, analyzing the treatment of attentional behavior and the configuration of the ADHD Situation. We will conclude by considering student anxiety related to the diagnosis as an indicator of a clash of civilizational orders expressed in the modes of affective modulation performed in the classroom, wherein attempts will be made to resolve institutional violence by way of a demand for individual reform.O objetivo deste artigo é explorar as condições epistêmicas e as práticas de produção do diagnóstico de TDAH nas escolas do Chile. Se desenvolve em dois eixos: 1) A posição da escola no Chile em relação às características e tratamento dessa categoria diagnóstica; e 2) a construção do diagnóstico em sala de aula, analisando o tratamento do comportamento atencional e a configuração da situação-TDAH. Concluímos situando a questão da inquietude escolar em torno do diagnóstico como uma indicação de um choque de ordens civilizatórias expressas nas formas de modulações afetivas na sala de aula, onde a violência institucional resolve se através de uma exigência de rentabilização individual.El presente artículo tiene por objetivo explorar las condiciones epistémicas y prácticas de producción del diagnóstico de TDAH en la escuela en Chile. Se desarrolla en dos ejes: 1) la posición de la escuela en Chile respecto de las características y tratamiento de esta categoría diagnóstica; 2) la construcción del diagnóstico en el aula, analizando el tratamiento del comportamiento atencional y la configuración de la situación TDAH. Concluiremos situando la interrogante sobre la inquietud escolar en torno al diagnóstico como indicio de un choque de órdenes civilizatorios expresado en las formas de modulaciones afectivas en el aula, donde se buscará resolver a nivel de una exigencia de rentabilización individual violencias institucionales

EXCESO DE ATENCIÓN: DE LA COMPOSICIÓN DE UN TRASTORNO EN LA ESCUELA CHILENA

The aim of this article is to explore the epistemic and practical conditions of production of the diagnosis of ADHD in Chilean schools. It develops along two main lines: 1) the role of schools inChile in relation to the characteristics and treatment of this diagnostic category; and 2) the construction of the diagnosis in the classroom, analyzing the treatment of attentional behavior and the configuration of the ADHD Situation. We will conclude by considering student anxiety related to the diagnosis as an indicator of a clash of civilizational orders expressed in the modes of affective modulation performed in the classroom, wherein attempts will be made to resolve institutional violence by way of a demand for individual reform.O objetivo deste artigo é explorar as condições epistêmicas e as práticas de produção do diagnóstico de TDAH nas escolas do Chile. Se desenvolve em dois eixos: 1) A posição da escola no Chile em relação às características e tratamento dessa categoria diagnóstica; e 2) a construção do diagnóstico em sala de aula, analisando o tratamento do comportamento atencional e a configuração da situação-TDAH. Concluímos situando a questão da inquietude escolar em torno do diagnóstico como uma indicação de um choque de ordens civilizatórias expressas nas formas de modulações afetivas na sala de aula, onde a violência institucional resolve se através de uma exigência de rentabilização individual.El presente artículo tiene por objetivo explorar las condiciones epistémicas y prácticas de producción del diagnóstico de TDAH en la escuela en Chile. Se desarrolla en dos ejes: 1) la posición de la escuela en Chile respecto de las características y tratamiento de esta categoría diagnóstica; 2) la construcción del diagnóstico en el aula, analizando el tratamiento del comportamiento atencional y la configuración de la situación TDAH. Concluiremos situando la interrogante sobre la inquietud escolar en torno al diagnóstico como indicio de un choque de órdenes civilizatorios expresado en las formas de modulaciones afectivas en el aula, donde se buscará resolver a nivel de una exigencia de rentabilización individual violencias institucionales

La sociología que perdió al mundo: notas sobre algunas consecuencias ontológicas del cambio de siglo

This article stresses a series of sociological consequences that can be read from an ontological perspective. These consequences are related to several diagnoses made within the social sciences themselves. The objective is to strengthen certain areas of theoretical reflection, particularly the link between social sciences in general, with what is defined as social movements. The article begins by problematizing the notion of the world in light of the consequences of the phenomenon of globalization, that is, of the production of the globe. Secondly, it approaches the historical events —and some of its readings— that, by the same time, impacted Latin America and particularly Chile. In a third instance, the paper focuses on two dimensions through which theoretical conclusions urge to think about ontological consequences with respect to sociological objects, by virtue of local and global historical events. Finally, the article analyses how the modification of the way we understand the object of sociology, which almost automatically is assumed as society itself, have an impact on the way in which we think the relationship between sociology and the processes of politicization.En el presente artículo abordaremos, en clave ontológica, una serie de consecuencias surgidas de diagnósticos teóricos ampliamente difundidos por las propias ciencias sociales. El objetivo será potenciar ciertas zonas de reflexión teórica, particularmente el vínculo entre sociología y las ciencias sociales en general, con aquello que se define como movimientos sociales. En primer lugar, problematizaremos la noción de mundo a la luz de las consecuencias del fenómeno de globalización, es decir, de la producción del globo. En segundo lugar, nos acercaremos a los acontecimientos históricos —y a algunas de sus lecturas— que, por la misma época, impactaron en Latinoamérica y afectaron particularmente a Chile. En una tercera instancia, abordaremos dos dimensiones donde las conclusiones teóricas instan a pensar en consecuencias ontológicas respecto a los objetos sociológicos en virtud de los acontecimientos históricos locales y globales. Finalmente, abordaremos cómo la modificación de la manera en que se comprende el objeto de la sociología, que automáticamente se asume como la sociedad, puede impactar en el modo en que se piensa y actúa en relación con los procesos de politización

A propósito de “El cuerpo como máquina. La medicalización de la fuerza de trabajo en Chile”. Sobre el dispositivo médico y su alcance

Reseña del libro: FUSTER SÁNCHEZ, Nicolás (2013) El cuerpo como máquina.La medicalización de la fuerza de trabajo en Chile. Editorial: Ceibo ediciones,Chile Páginas: 187, ISBN13: 978956907137

The multiple meanings of ADHD: between deficit, disruption and hidden potential

The purpose of this article is to describe the subjective experience of the diagnosis of Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and the cultural meanings that shape this experience. Based on interviews and discussion groups with diagnosed people and their families in Chile and France, this article show that ADHD can acquire multiple meanings. From a thematic analysis, we identified three registers or ways of living and thinking about ADHD. In the deficit register, the disorder is experienced primarily as a failure of certain abilities. In the disruption register, the disorder is experienced as disrupting the person’s life, personality and interactions, which must then be normalized. In the register of hidden potential, on which this article focuses, ADHD is simultaneously thought of as a difficult and valuable condition, a source of exceptional capacities that are often hidden in the ordinary functioning of social life. We therefore invite reflection that identifies the factors of mobilization or non-mobilization of the hidden potential register, with particular emphasis not only on relational configurations, socio-economic variables, and the gender variable, but also on the institutional and political context of each country

Update of the CHIP (CT in Head Injury Patients) decision rule for patients with minor head injury based on a multicenter consecutive case series

OBJECTIVE: To update the existing CHIP (CT in Head Injury Patients) decision rule for detection of (intra)cranial findings in adult patients following minor head injury (MHI).METHODS: The study is a prospective multicenter cohort study in the Netherlands. Consecutive MHI patients of 16 years and older were included. Primary outcome was any (intra)cranial traumatic finding on computed tomography (CT). Secondary outcomes were any potential neurosurgical lesion and neurosurgical intervention. The CHIP model was validated and subsequently updated and revised. Diagnostic performance was assessed by calculating the c-statistic.RESULTS: Among 4557 included patients 3742 received a CT (82%). In 383 patients (8.4%) a traumatic finding was present on CT. A potential neurosurgical lesion was found in 73 patients (1.6%) with 26 (0.6%) patients that actually had neurosurgery or died as a result of traumatic brain injury. The original CHIP underestimated the risk of traumatic (intra)cranial findings in low-predicted-risk groups, while in high-predicted-risk groups the risk was overestimated. The c-statistic of the original CHIP model was 0.72 (95% CI 0.69-0.74) and it would have missed two potential neurosurgical lesions and one patient that underwent neurosurgery. The updated model performed similar to the original model regarding traumatic (intra)cranial findings (c-statistic 0.77 95% CI 0.74-0.79, after crossvalidation c-statistic 0.73). The updated CHIP had the same CT rate as the original CHIP (75%) and a similar sensitivity (92 versus 93%) and specificity (both 27%) for any traumatic (intra)cranial finding. However, the updated CHIP would not have missed any (potential) neurosurgical lesions and had a higher sensitivity for (potential) neurosurgical lesions or death as a result of traumatic brain injury (100% versus 96%).CONCLUSIONS: Use of the updated CHIP decision rule is a good alternative to current decision rules for patients with MHI. In contrast to the original CHIP the update identified all patients with (potential) neurosurgical lesions without increasing CT rate.</p

External validation of computed tomography decision rules for minor head injury: Prospective, multicentre cohort study in the Netherlands

Objective To externally validate four commonly used rules in computed tomography (CT) for minor head injury. Design Prospective, multicentre cohort study. Setting Three university and six non-university hospitals in the Netherlands. Participants Consecutive adult patients aged 16 years and over who presented with minor head injury at the emergency department with a Glasgow coma scale score of 13-15 between March 2015 and December 2016. Main outcome measures The primary outcome was any intracrania

ARIA 2016 : Care pathways implementing emerging technologies for predictive medicine in rhinitis and asthma across the life cycle

The Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) initiative commenced during a World Health Organization workshop in 1999. The initial goals were (1) to propose a new allergic rhinitis classification, (2) to promote the concept of multi-morbidity in asthma and rhinitis and (3) to develop guidelines with all stakeholders that could be used globally for all countries and populations. ARIA-disseminated and implemented in over 70 countries globally-is now focusing on the implementation of emerging technologies for individualized and predictive medicine. MASK [MACVIA (Contre les Maladies Chroniques pour un Vieillissement Actif)-ARIA Sentinel NetworK] uses mobile technology to develop care pathways for the management of rhinitis and asthma by a multi-disciplinary group and by patients themselves. An app (Android and iOS) is available in 20 countries and 15 languages. It uses a visual analogue scale to assess symptom control and work productivity as well as a clinical decision support system. It is associated with an inter-operable tablet for physicians and other health care professionals. The scaling up strategy uses the recommendations of the European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing. The aim of the novel ARIA approach is to provide an active and healthy life to rhinitis sufferers, whatever their age, sex or socio-economic status, in order to reduce health and social inequalities incurred by the disease.Peer reviewe

Traumatic brain injury: integrated approaches to improve prevention, clinical care, and research

No abstract available