Siirt Ekolojik Koşullarında Mikrobiyolojik Ve İnorganik Gübrelemenin Nohut (Cicer arietinum l.)’un Verim, Verim Öğeleri Ve Nodülasyonu Üzerine Etkilerinin Araştırılması

Siirt ekolojik koşullarında mikrobiyolojik ve inorganik gübrelemenin nohut (Cicer arietinum L.)’ un verim, verim öğeleri ve nodülasyonu üzerine etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla yapılan bu çalışma tesadüf bloklarında faktöriyel deneme deseninde 3 tekerrürlü olarak 2016-2017 ve 2017-2018 yılları arasında yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada simbiyotik bakteri olarak Mesorhizobium ciceri, asimbiyotik bakteri olarak azot bağlayıcı Basillus atrophaeus, fosfat çözücü olarak Basillus GC-group ve inorganik gübre olarak DAP gübresi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada; bitki boyu, ilk bakla yüksekliği, ana dal sayısı, yan dal sayısı, bitkide bakla sayısı, bitkide tane sayısı, 100 tane ağırlığı, tane verimi, biyolojik verim, hasat indeksi, bitkide nodül sayısı, nodül yaş ağırlığı ve nodül kuru ağırlığı incelenmiştir. Çalışma sonuçlarına göre, bitki boyu 52.1-59.3 cm, ilk bakla yüksekliği 32.0-38.0 cm, ana dal sayısı 2.46-3.36 adet/bitki, yan dal sayısı 4.03-5.90 adet/bitki, bitkide bakla sayısı 16.0-35.3 adet/bitki, bitkide tane sayısı 14.7-33.1 adet/bitki, 100 tane ağırlığı 30.3-34.2 g, tane verimi 86.0-174.0 kg/da, biyolojik verim 247.7-613.7 kg/da, hasat indeksi %26.3-34.8, bitkide nodül sayısı 28.3-44.6 adet/bitki, nodül yaş ağırlığı 1.504-2.507 g ve nodül kuru ağırlığı 0.235-0.443 g arasında değişim göstermiştir. Araştırma sonucunda en yüksek tane verimi Bacillus atrophaeus (N)+ DAP %50 uygulamasında 174.0 kg/da olarak elde edilmiştir

Siirt Ekolojik Koşullarında Mikrobiyolojik ve İnorganik Gübrelemenin Nohut (Cicer arietinum l.)’un Kalite Özellikleri Üzerine Etkileri

Siirt ekolojik koşullarında mikrobiyolojik ve inorganik gübrelemenin nohut (Cicer arietinum L.)’ un verim, verim öğeleri ve nodülasyonu üzerine etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla yapılan bu çalışma tesadüf bloklarında faktöriyel deneme deseninde 3 tekerrürlü olarak 2016-2017 ve 2017-2018 yılları arasında yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada simbiyotik bakteri olarak Mesorhizobium ciceri, asimbiyotik bakteri olarak azot bağlayıcı Basillus atrophaeus, fosfat çözücü olarak Basillus GC-group ve inorganik gübre olarak DAP gübresi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada; tane protein oranı, protein verimi, tane fosfor içeriği, tane potasyum içeriği, tane nem oranı ve tanede toplam kuru madde oranı özellikleri incelenmiştir. Çalışmadan elde edilen bulgulara göre, tane protein oranı %22.3-25.6, protein verimi 21.2-40.4 kg/da, tane fosfor içeriği %0.43-0.71, tane potasyum içeriği %0.96-1.58, tane nem oranı %4.02-6.01 ve tanede toplam kuru madde oranı %93.98-95.97 arasında değişim göstermiştir. Çalışmada en yüksek protein içeriği, Mesorhizobium ciceri + %50 DAP ve Bacillus atrophaeus (N) + %50 DAP uygulamaları ile elde edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, mikrobiyolojik gübre kullanımının inorganik gübrelere tamamen bir alternatif olmamasına rağmen kullanım miktarının azalmasına olanak sağladığı tespit edilmiştir

Siirt İli Ekolojik Koşullarında Yetiştirilen Bazı Bakla (Vicia faba L.) Çeşitlerinin Tane Verimi ve Verim Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi

Bu çalışma 2017-2019 yıllarında Siirt ili koşullarında bazı bakla çeşitlerinin tane verimi ve verim özelliklerini belirlemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada Ege Tarımsal Araştırma Enstitüsü Müdürlüğü tarafından tescil ettirilen Salkım, Kıtık-2003, Filiz-99 ve Eresen-87 çeşitleri kullanılmıştır. Denemeler tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre 3 tekerrürlü olarak kurulmuştur. Çalışmada bitki boyu, ilk bakla yüksekliği, bitkide bakla sayısı, baklada tane sayısı, 100-tane ağırlığı ve tane verimi özellikleri incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın sonuçlarına göre bitki boyu 47.4-57.0 cm, ilk bakla yüksekliği 13.8-14.9 cm, bitkide bakla sayısı 5.97-7.80 adet/bitki, baklada tane sayısı 2.93-3.93 adet/bakla, 100-tane ağırlığı 118.9-126.2 g ve tane verimi ise 170.2-183.1 kg/da arasında değişim göstermiştir. İncelenen tüm özellikler bakımından Salkım çeşidi en yüksek değerleri vermiştir. Sonuç olarak, Siirt ili ekolojik koşullarında bakla yetiştirilmek istenildiğinde Salkım çeşidi önerilmektedir

Siirt İli Ekolojik Koşullarında DAP (Diamonyumfosfat) Gübresi Dozlarının Nohut (Cicer arietinum L.)’un Tane Verimi ve Bazı Verim Özelliklerine Etkileri

Bu araştırma 2018-2019 yıllarında Siirt koşullarında farklı DAP gübresi seviyelerinin nohuttun tane verimi ve bazı verim özelliklerine etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada 0, 3, 6, 9, 12 ve 15 kg/da dozlarında DAP (Diamonyum fosfat) gübresi kullanılmıştır. Denemeler tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre 3 tekrarlamalı olarak kurulmuştur. Bu araştırma kapsamında bitki boyu, ilk bakla yüksekliği, bitkide bakla sayısı, bitkide tane sayısı, 100-tane ağırlığı ve tane verimi parametreleri incelenmiştir. Çalışmadan elde edilen sonuçlara göre bitki boyu 52,1-60,2 cm, ilk bakla yüksekliği 29,8-36,5 cm, bitkide bakla sayısı 17,2-31,7 adet/bitki, bitkide tane sayısı 18,3-33,2 adet/bitki, 100-tane ağırlığı 30,4-34,0 g ve tane verimi ise 101,2-165,4 kg/da arasında değişim göstermiştir. İncelenen tüm parametreler açısından Siirt’te nohut yetiştiriciliğinde en uygun DAP gübresi dozunun 15 kg/da olduğu belirlenmiştir

Synergistic application of melatonin and silicon oxide nanoparticles modulates reactive oxygen species generation and the antioxidant defense system: a strategy for cadmium tolerance in rice

Unfavorable environmental conditions pose a major barrier to sustainable agriculture. Among the various innovative strategies developed to protect plants from abiotic stress, the use of phytohormones and nanoparticles as “stress mitigators” has emerged as one of the most important and promising approaches. The objective of this study was to observe the protective role of melatonin (Mel) and silicon oxide nanoparticles (SiO-NPs) in rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedlings under cadmium (Cd) stress. Rice seedlings have reduced growth and phytochemical attributes when grown in Cd-contaminated (0.8 mM) pots. Seedlings under Cd stress had 38% less shoot length (SL), 53% total soluble sugar (TSS) and 57% protein content. However, superoxide dismutase (SOD), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) increased by 51%, 37% and 34%, respectively, under Cd stress. Beside this, activities such as peroxidase (POX) also elevated in the plants subjected with Cd-stress. In contrast, Mel (100 µm) as foliar spray and SiO-NPs (100 mg/L) as root dipping reduced oxidative stress in rice seedlings under Cd stress by reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Furthermore, the application of Mel and/or SiO-NPs significantly increased the activity of antioxidative enzymes that scavenge ROS. The combined application of SiO-NPs and Mel increased growth, gas exchange and photosynthetic attributes, chlorophyll value, and protein content. It causes alleviation in the activity of SOD, CAT and POX by 73%, 62% and 65%, respectively. Overall, this study findings show that Mel and/or SiO-NPs can potentially protect the rice crop against oxidative damage under Cd stress

Bio-priming Treatment with PGPB Strains in Cowpea Production Increases Grain Yield and Net Income

In the 21st century, the use of beneficial microorganisms as biological fertilizers has become a notable phenomenon, driven by the ongoing search for sustainable solutions due to environmental issues associated with synthetic fertilizer use. This study aimed to investigate the effect of bio-priming with plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) strains comparing them with synthetic fertilizer and rhizobium inoculation in Siirt ecological conditions. The field experiment was laid out according to a completely randomized design with four replications in the arable land of Siirt University (Siirt, Türkiye) during the 2019 summer season. Three synthetic fertilizer doses as diammonium phosphate (SF1: 100 kg ha-1, SF2: 200 kg ha-1, SF3: 300 kg ha-1) and seven biological fertilizer treatments (B1: TV61C, B2: TV62C, B3: TV126C, B4: TV24C, B5: TV53D, BMIX: TV119E+TV126C, RZB: Bradyrhizobium sp.) were compared with control (no fertilization+hydro-priming) in the study. The research results indicated that 300 kg ha-1 DAP and PGPB consortia showed the best results on agronomic characteristics. However, particularly when applied in the form of a consortium, PGPB strains exhibited performance very close to synthetic fertilization. Moreover, it was determined that 300 kg ha-1 DAP and PGPB consortia increased grain yield over hydro-primed plants by 54.6% and 42.4%, while they provided a net income of $654 and$721.6, respectively. Thus, bio-priming with PGPB increased higher net income compared with synthetic fertilizer due to lower treatment costs. In conclusion, bio-priming with PGPB strains has the potential of useful, sustainable and cost-effective strategy in cowpea production

Effect of planting and nutrient management on the growth, yield and protein content of aromatic fine rice

An experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh from July to November 2015 to find out the effect of planting and nutrient management on the growth, yield and protein content of aromatic fine rice (cv. Binadhan-13). The experimental treatments comprised six planting arrangement viz. 25 cm × 20 cm, 25 cm × 15 cm, 25 cm × 10 cm, 20 cm × 20 cm, 20 cm × 15 cm, 20 cm × 10 cm and four nutrient management viz. recommended dose of inorganic fertilizer (RDF) N-P2O5-K2O-S-Zn at the rate of 75-42-75-17-2 kg ha-1 respectively; Cow dung @ 10 t ha-1, 25% less than RDF + Cow dung @ 5 t ha-1, 50% less than RDF + Cow dung @ 5 t ha-1. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Different crop characters, yield contributing characters, yield and grain quality were significantly influenced by planting arrangement and nutrient management. In the crop growth stage, the maximum number of tillers hill-1 (19.03) was recorded from the 25 cm × 15 cm spacing fertilized with 25% less than RDF + cow dung @ 5 t ha-1 and the highest total dry matter production (62.70), crop growth rate (19.37) and chlorophyll content (35.77) of leaf were recorded from the 20 cm × 15 cm spacing fertilized with 25% less than RDF + cow dung @ 5 t ha-1. At harvest, the highest grain yield (3.66 t ha-1) and protein content (9.63%) were recorded from the 20 cm × 15 cm spacing fertilized with 25% less than RDF + cow dung @ 5 t ha-1. So, transplantation at 20 cm × 15 cm spacing and fertilization with 25% less than the recommended dose of inorganic fertilizer + cow dung @ 5 t ha-1 was found to be promising practice for the cultivation of aromatic fine rice (cv. Binadhan-13)

Effect of Storage Containers and Storage Periods on the Moisture Content, Germination and Biotic Status of Durum Wheat (Triticum turgidum L.) Seed

To observe the moisture content and germination capacity of durum wheat seed stored in different storage containers for certain storage periods, a Lab. experiment was carried out at the Agronomy laboratory, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University (HSTU), Dinajpur, Bangladesh during March-May 2016. The experiment was designed completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications under three storage periods (30, 45, and 60 days after storage) and three seed containers (sealed plastic container, polythene bag and gunny bag). Initial seed moisture content (MC) and germination percentage (GP) was measured before storage of seeds. Seeds stored in containers gradually absorb moisture from air with the advancement of storage periods, and air leaked storage container i.e., gunny bag quickly absorb moisture than other two containers. The maximum values of GP were recorded of durum wheat seed with 30 days after storage (DAS) and the GP reduced significantly with increasing storage periods from 30 to 45 DAS. The highest GP (78.00 %) was found at 30 DAS in sealed plastic container while the lowest (57.67 %) at 60 DAS in gunny bag. The rate of reduction was found to increase with the advancement of storage periods. Durum wheat seed kept in sealed plastic container and ply bag maintained the minimum MC and eventually showed highest GP. An outstanding performance of GP was observed in sealed plastic container seed while the gunny bag provided the inferior GP among all of the three containers. Several fungi was observed such as Alternaria, Aspergillus, Colletotrichum, Fusarium, Penicillium and Rhizopus during germination study, although no insect was found to any storage container during the storage periods. Higher number of fungus was observed in seeds of gunny bag than sealed plastic container and poly bag. In conclusion, durum wheat seeds should be stored in air tight container for certain periods

Exogenous selenium application enhances the photosynthetic pigment and antioxidant defense of mash bean (Vigna mungo) to confer tolerance to salt stress

Mash bean is an important crop enriched with proteins and highly praised in Pakistan due to its nutritional values. However, due to abiotic stresses like salinity, its production is decreased. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of selenium on mash bean to produce salt tolerance. Mash bean seeds were sown in plastic pots filled with sand. Three levels of NaCl (0 mM, 100 mM, 200 mM) and five levels of selenium (0 ppm, 20 ppm, 40 ppm, 80 ppm, 120 ppm) were applied with Hoagland solution. Salinity reduced plant height (28%), leaf area (33%), chlorophyll a (14%), chlorophyll b (9%), carotenoids (20%), potassium ions, calcium ions, superoxide dismutase, peroxidases, catalase, salt tolerance index and increased sodium ions (21%), H2O2 content as well as secondary metabolites. However, selenium application in low concentration enhanced plant height (31%), leaf area, chlorophyll a (17%), chlorophyll b (12%), carotenoids (40%), potassium, calcium, superoxide dismutase, peroxidases, catalase, salt tolerance index, proline, flavonoids, total phenol, while decreased sodium ions (25%) and hydrogen peroxide content under salt stress. Findings showed important function of selenium in improving physical characteristics, absorption of ions, photosynthetic pigments, and antioxidant defense in plants under salinity. Applying selenium at 40 ppm concentrations showed greatest efficacy in alleviating negative impacts of salt stress (100 mM) on plant growth and biochemical attributes. Maximum positive results of selenium application (40 ppm) were obtained at 0 mM of salinity

Effects of Different Doses of Poultry Manure Application on Yield Components and Yield of Different Faba Bean (Vicia faba L.) Varieties

Background: A study was conducted to determine the effects of different doses of poultry manure application on the yield and some yield components of faba bean crop under ecological conditions of Siirt province, Southern Eastern Anatolian Region of Turkey. Methods: The study was carried out in randomized complete block design with 3 replications. The main plots were varieties and the sub-plots were poultry manure doses. At 15 days prior to sowing, 0 (control), 500, 1000, 1500 kg ha-1 of poultry manure was spread and mixed with a rake. Result: All observed parameters were effected from poultry manure doses. Application of 1000 kg/ha poultry manure was found superior in terms of yield and yield related parameters. Grain yield was highest at 1000 kg/ha poultry manure application in 2017 and 2018, (2119 kg/ha and 2083 kg/ha, respectively). Salkım variety was superior in terms of grain yield and most of the other parameters. Both varieties were yielded higher and most of the parameters were higher in 2017 compared to 2018. As a result of the study, cropping “Salkım” faba bean variety with 1000 kg/ha poultry manure application in South Eastern Anatolia or similar ecologies was proposed for higher grain yields. </jats:p