Anithiactins A–C, Modified 2‑Phenylthiazoles from a Mudflat-Derived <i>Streptomyces</i> sp.

Intensive investigation of the chemical components of a <i>Streptomyces</i> sp. isolated from mudflat sediments collected on the southern coast of the Korean peninsula led to the isolation of three new compounds, anithiactins A–C (<b>1</b>–<b>3</b>). The chemical structures of anithiactins A and C were determined by interpretation of NMR data analyses, while the chemical structure of anithiactin B was established from a combination of NMR spectroscopic and crystallographic data analyses. The structure of anithiactin A was also confirmed by total synthesis. These three anithiactins displayed moderate acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity with no significant cytotoxicity