Blood Loss through AV Fistula: A Case Report and Literature Review

Little has been written about acute blood loss from hemodialysis vascular access. We describe a 57-year-old Caucasian male with an approximately 7 gm/dL drop in hemoglobin due to bleeding from a ruptured aneurysm in his right brachiocephalic arteriovenous fistula (AVF). There was no evidence of fistula infection. The patient was successfully managed by blood transfusions and insertion of a tunneled dialysis catheter for dialysis access. Later, the fistula was ligated and a new fistula was constructed in the opposite arm. Aneurysm should be considered in cases of acute vascular access bleeding in chronic dialysis patients

Malignant transformation of actinic keratoses to squamous cell carcinoma in an albino

A 25-year-old male, who was a known case of oculocutaneous albinism presented to us with right inguinal swellings of six months′ duration. He gave a preceding history of a similar lump in the right thigh, which was excised at the Chennai Government Hospital. He was diagnosed to have oculocutaneous albinism with actinic keratoses, with multiple squamous cell carcinomas (with metastatic deposits in the right inguinal region) and cutaneous horns. The case is reported to highlight preventive aspects in the management of albinos