Prevalence of Depression Among Medical Students of a Private Medical College in India

Background: Medical education can contribute to the development of depression in medical students which may have possible negative academic and professional consequences. The aims of this study were to explore the prevalence of depressive symptoms and their relationships to socio-demographic variables among a cross section of medical students of a private medical college in India. Methods: A cross-sectional anonymous questionnaire-based survey was conducted including all students from first to fourth year of a medical college in India. Beck depression inventory was used to assess the level of depression with a score of 12 or higher considered depressive. Additional questions regarding demographic variables were also included in the survey. Data analysis was done on Epi info version 6. Results: A total of 336 students participated giving a response rate of 88%. A total of 49.1% students reported depressive symptoms. It was significantly higher in 1st year (59.3%) and 2nd year (65.6%), as compared to 3rd (34.4%) and 4th year (37.2%) students [p<0. 05]. Substance abuse(p<0.0001), first and second year of study, female sex and language of instruction other than English at 10+2 level were associated factors for the development of depressive symptoms [p<0.05]. A significant negative association was also found between regular exercise and depression (p<0.05). Conclusion: Depression may be a significant hidden problem in Indian medical students and mechanisms to identify and help students with mental health problems should be seriously considered

Maximally coherent mixed states: Complementarity between maximal coherence and mixedness

Quantum coherence is a key element in topical research on quantum resource theories and a primary facilitator for design and implementation of quantum technologies. However, the resourcefulness of quantum coherence is severely restricted by environmental noise, which is indicated by the loss of information in a quantum system, measured in terms of its purity. In this work, we derive the limits imposed by the mixedness of a quantum system on the amount of quantum coherence that it can possess. We obtain an analytical trade-off between the two quantities that upperbound the maximum quantum coherence for fixed mixedness in a system. This gives rise to a class of quantum states, "maximally coherent mixed states," whose coherence cannot be increased further under any purity-preserving operation. For the above class of states, quantum coherence and mixedness satisfy a complementarity relation, which is crucial to understand the interplay between a resource and noise in open quantum systems.Comment: 8 pages, 1 figure, REVTex 4.1, close to published versio

Comparative evaluation of management of intertrochanteric fracture femur with proximal femoral nailing versus dynamic hip screw

Background: Fractures involving trochanteric region of femur are one of the common fractures affecting elderly population. Presently surgical treatment is the treatment of choice with early mobilisation as primary goal. The two most common implants that are used are Dynamic hip screw (DHS) and Proximal femoral nail (PFN).Methods: This was a prospective study with 50 patients divided randomly into two groups of 25 each. One group operated by PFN and other with DHS. Patients were evaluated periodically and final comparison between two group was done at six months for analysing results on the basis of Harris hip score.Results: At final follow up in patients in PFN group 9 (36%), 7 (28%), 5 (20%), 4 (16%) patients had functional grade in excellent, good, fair and poor category respectively. In DHS group patients, 7 (28%), 10 (40%), 6 (24%), 2 (8%) patients had functional grade in excellent, good, fair and poor functional grade. Harris hip score was insignificantly (p&gt;0.05) lower in patients of PFN (82.68±12.28) than DHS (84.60±10.39).Conclusion: At final follow up we found that pain, limp, use of support while walking and hospital stay was less in PFN group. However, range of motion and hip functions were better in patients treated with DHS. Complications like Varus malunion and infection were common in DHS group while hip joint stiffness was seen more commonly in PFN group. So, both PFN and DHS in are comparable in respect to most of functional criteria for treatment of intertrochanteric fracture femur

The Potential of Garden Cress (Lepidium sativum L.) Seeds for Development of Functional Foods

Garden cress (Lepidium sativum L.) belonging to Cruciferae family is widely grown in India, Europe, and United States. It has been used as an important medicinal plant since the Vedic era. Its seed, oil, and powder contain significant amount of protein, fat, minerals, fibers, and phytochemicals, which are incorporated in many functional beverages and foods. A number of clinical trials have been conducted on rats that also support the efficacy of garden cress seeds (GCSs). The seed of garden cress was used in the fortification of different food items but due to the lack of their physicochemical properties and medicinal value, the exploration of the potential of garden cress seed was limited. In the present review, we discuss the proximate chemical composition, physicochemical, medicinal properties, and the food product development with garden cress seed. The functional properties of garden cress seed stimulate us to review its different valuable properties and the fortified products developed by incorporating garden cress seeds

Effect of Integrated Nutrient Management on Growth, Yield and Quality of Carrot (Daucus carota L.) cv. New Kuroda

The experiment entitled “Effect of Integrated Nutrient Management on Growth, Yield and Quality of Carrot (Daucus carota L.) cv. New Kuroda” was conducted during Rabi season of the year 2020-2021 on Department of Horticulture, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology, Prayagraj. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design comprising of 13 treatments each replicated three times. Treatments were randomly arranged in each replication, divided into thirty nine plots.&nbsp; The experiment was carried out with the thirteen integrated nutrient management treatments. Among the treatments, T11 FYM 10 t ha-1+Vermicompost 2.5t&nbsp; ha-1 + Biofertilizer (2 kg ha-1) 75% NPK registered significantly higher plant height (82.95), number of leaves per plant (14.66), root length&nbsp; (10.82), root diameter (3.42), fresh weight of root&nbsp; (67.01),&nbsp; dry weight of root (4.13),&nbsp; root&nbsp; yield plot-1(17.80kg),&nbsp; root&nbsp; yield (455.00q ha-1) and&nbsp; Total soluble solid (9.45 0Brix). Whereas the maximum benefit cost ratio (1: 5.24 &amp; 5.29) was found in&nbsp; T10 and T12. View Article DOI: 10.47856/ijaast.2021.v08i10.00

A community survey of newborn care practices in rural India

Background: There are a high proportion of home deliveries in rural India. The present study was carried out to assess newborn care practices among home births and reasons for delivering at home.Methods: A community based cross sectional survey of recently delivered mothers (<6 months) with at least one living child was carried out in 28 districts of 14 states.Results: A total of 4274 women delivered at home and 45.9% deliveries were conducted by untrained personnel (dais 24.0%, relatives/friends/neighbors 21.9%), trained dais 48.2% and ANMs/LHVs/doctors 5.9%. New blade was used for cutting the cord by trained dai (80.7%), untrained dais (75.5%) whereas ANMs/LHVs/doctors used either new blade (64.7%) or scissors (14.7%). Use of boiled cord tie was reported among 98.8% deliveries conducted by ANMs/LHVs/doctors, 96.6% trained dais and 96.3% untrained dais. 32.5% ANMs/LHVs/doctors, 28.3% trained dais and 26.2% untrained dais left the cord dry without any application. Main reasons for delivering at home were ‘client/social/family' related (85.9%) and ‘facility/provider’ related (21.7%). Nearly 93.3% of the new borns were given their first bath within 24 hours of birth including 77.3% within 3 hours of birth. 38.2% mothers initiating breast feeding within 24 hours of birth and within one hour 6.0% mothers only.Conclusions: There is a need for improving community awareness to promote institutional deliveries and improve health system to satisfy demands of birthing women. When home birth is inevitable, families should be encouraged to engage skilled birth attendant to provide better newborn care