Studies of Histidine, Phenylalanine Complexes of Oxovanadium(IV) Derived from Acetylacetone

Schiff base complexes of oxovanadium(IV) with amino acids and acetylacetone were synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, conductivity measurements, spectral and magnetic data. The complexes were found to be non-electrolytes and stoichiometry shown 1:1. The spectral and magnetic data were suggesting the square pyramidal geometr

Extreme variability in convergence to structural balance in frustrated dynamical systems

In many complex systems, the dynamical evolution of the different components can result in adaptation of the connections between them. We consider the problem of how a fully connected network of discrete-state dynamical elements which can interact via positive or negative links, approaches structural balance by evolving its links to be consistent with the states of its components. The adaptation process, inspired by Hebb's principle, involves the interaction strengths evolving in accordance with the dynamical states of the elements. We observe that in the presence of stochastic fluctuations in the dynamics of the components, the system can exhibit large dispersion in the time required for converging to the balanced state. This variability is characterized by a bimodal distribution, which points to an intriguing non-trivial problem in the study of evolving energy landscapes.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figure

Bell violation in the Sky

In this work, we have studied the possibility of setting up Bell's inequality violating experiment in the context of cosmology, based on the basic principles of quantum mechanics. First we start with the physical motivation of implementing the Bell's inequality violation in the context of cosmology. Then to set up the cosmological Bell violating test experiment we introduce a model independent theoretical framework using which we have studied the creation of new massive particles by implementing the WKB approximation method for the scalar fluctuations in presence of additional time dependent mass contribution. Next using the background scalar fluctuation in presence of new time dependent mass contribution, we explicitly compute the expression for the one point and two point correlation functions. Furthermore, using the results for one point function we introduce a new theoretical cosmological parameter which can be expressed in terms of the other known inflationary observables and can also be treated as a future theoretical probe to break the degeneracy amongst various models of inflation. Additionally, we also fix the scale of inflation in a model independent way without any prior knowledge of primordial gravitational waves. Next, we also comment on the technicalities of measurements from isospin breaking interactions and the future prospects of newly introduced massive particles in cosmological Bell violating test experiment. Further, we cite a precise example of this set up applicable in the context of string theory motivated axion monodromy model. Then we comment on the explicit role of decoherence effect and high spin on cosmological Bell violating test experiment. In fine, we provide a theoretical bound on the heavy particle mass parameter for scalar fields, graviton and other high spin fields from our proposed setup.Comment: 202 pages, 16 figures, 1 table, Accepted for publication in European Physical Journal

Relative volume of separable bipartite states

Every choice of an orthonormal frame in the d-dimensional Hilbert space of a system corresponds to one set of all mutually commuting density matrices or, equivalently, a classical statistical state space of the system; the quantum state space itself can thus be profitably viewed as an SU(d) orbit of classical state spaces, one for each orthonormal frame. We exploit this connection to study the relative volume of separable states of a bipartite quantum system. While the two-qubit case is studied in considerable analytic detail, for higher dimensional systems we fall back on Monte Carlo. Several new insights seem to emerge from our study.Comment: Essentially the published versio

Scalable ultra-sensitive detection of heterogeneity via coupled bistable dynamics

We demonstrate how the collective response of $N$ globally coupled bistable elements can strongly reflect the presence of very few non-identical elements in a large array of otherwise identical elements. Counter-intuitively, when there are a small number of elements with natural stable state different from the bulk of the elements, {\em all} the elements of the system evolve to the stable state of the minority due to strong coupling. The critical fraction of distinct elements needed to produce this swing shows a sharp transition with increasing $N$, scaling as $1/\sqrt{N}$. Furthermore, one can find a global bias that allows robust {\em one bit} sensitivity to heterogeneity. Importantly, the time needed to reach the attracting state does not increase with the system size. We indicate the relevance of this ultra-sensitive generic phenomenon for massively parallelized search applications.Comment: 4 Pages, 4 Figure

Elucidating the functional role of Dual-specificity Tyrosine Regulated Kinase 1B (DYRK1B) in the Hedgehog (Hh) Signaling Pathway.

Hedgehog signaling (Hh) plays a crucial role in vital processes such as embryonic development or cell homeostasis. Aberrant Hh signaling is linked to formation, progression, and growth of tumors. The canonical Hh signaling cascade is initiated by binding of the Hh ligand to its receptor Patched1 (PTCH1) (Hooper and Scott 1989; Nakano et al. 1989), a transmembrane protein located in the ciliary membrane which relieves the repression of the membrane-bound G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) Smoothened (SMO) which activates the Hh transcriptional factors, zinc finger proteins of the GLI (Cubitus interruptus (Ci) in Drosophila melanogaster) family (Hui and Angers 2011). The Hh signaling pathway is reported to activate downstream kinases which in turn lead to various cellular processes such as differentiation, polarity, and proliferation. The so-called dual-specificity tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinases (DYRKs) are induced by Hh activation and a slight change in their amount could lead to large and significant effects on various cellular processes. DYRK1A as a candidate gene is responsible for the altered neuronal development and brain abnormalities in Down syndrome (DS, OMIM #190685). DYRK1B is known to be associated with the metabolic syndrome and, is commonly amplified in ovarian and pancreatic cancer (Friedman 2010a; Keramati et al. 2014b). The results of the present work have shown, that Hh signaling induces DYRK1B and this kinase has been shown to have a regulatory kinetic effect on Hh signaling pathway, as short-term inhibition of DYRK1B kinase leads to increase in GLI protein levels and long-term inhibition has shown to deplete the protein levels of GLI. This strong fluctuation in the kinase could be detrimental in a therapeutical context, as DYRK1B has been shown to regulate PI3K/mTOR/AKT signaling pathway which is subject to strong feedback regulation and can induce oncogenic Hh signaling. Combination therapy which targets DYRK1B and other signaling pathway components such as mTOR, AKT, S6K were used to deplete growth of pancreatic and ovarian cancer cells. Hh signaling exerts myriad functions and one of the functions is to induce acetylation of microtubules and of Acetylated Tubulin (AcTub)-dependent processes such as cell polarization or organelle transport. With my results, I find that Hh signaling increases DYRK1B levels, which inactivates Glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) through Serine 9 (Ser9) phosphorylation, resulting in Histone Deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) inhibition and increased tubulin acetylation. In summary, I have described a mechanistic framework of how intercellular communication can impinge on cytoskeletal regulation and cell function via Hh signal transduction. Considering these effects, I have shown that DYRK1B is one of the very crucial kinases mediating multiple signaling pathways and; thereby, it’s extremely important to elucidate the mechanistic framework of its action

Formalism of hydrodynamics with spin degrees of freedom

In this article we review the perfect-fluid hydrodynamics with spin framework proposed recently. This framework generalises the standard relativistic hydrodynamics framework to include spin degrees of freedom and provides a natural method to describe the spin polarization evolution of massive spin 1/2 particles. This formalism is based on the GLW (de Groot - van Leeuwen - van Weert) energy-momentum tensor and spin tensor. We show here using Bjorken model that how this spin hydrodynamics framework may be used for the determination of the observables which describes the particle polarization measured in the experiment.Comment: Presented at The Eighth Annual Conference on Large Hadron Collider Physics-LHCP2020, 25-30 May, 2020. 5 pages, 5 figures. Revised and accepted versio