A Study of Method in Facial Emotional Recognitation

Facial expressions make important role in social communication and widely used in the behavioral interpretation of emotions. Automatic facial expression recognition is one of the most provocative and stimulate obstacle in computer vision due to its potential utilization such as Human Computer Interaction (HCI), behavioral science, video games etc. Two popular methods utilized mostly in the literature for the automatic FER systems are based on geometry and appearance. Even though there is lots of research using static images, the research is still going on for the development of new methods which would be quiet easy in computation and would have less memory usage as compared to previous methods. This paper presents a quick compare of facial expression recognition. A comparative study of various feature extraction techniques by different method

A Comprehensive Review of The Therapeutic Potential of Elaeocarpus Ganitrus

Elaeocarpus ganitrus, also known as Rudraksha, is a member of the Elaeocarpaceae family and has a long history of antidepressant and antibacterial benefits against various illnesses. Elaeocarpus ganitrus has been used in Unani and Ayurveda medicine as an antidepressant, an antibiotic, and as an external treatment for mental disease, epilepsy, liver discomfort, and stomach pain. In addition, it is used to treat a variety of other conditions, including hepatic diseases, dyspepsia, skin infections, blood purification, asthma, tumors, and wounds. Their biological effects include their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, anticancer, hepatoprotective, immunomodulatory, antifertility, antibacterial, and antidepressant properties. To further explore the trends and perspectives for future research, a thorough discussion of Elaeocarpus ganitrus' taxonomic classification, traditional uses, botanical description, phytochemical components, pharmacology, and safety aspects is required

A comparative study of canal wall up tympanomastoidectomy in dry and wet ear

Background: Chronic suppurative otitis media is a common condition seen in patients attending otorhinolaryngology clinic. The discharging ear presents the otologist with the dilemma of operating on it or not. This is due to the widespread belief that the success rate while doing tympanoplasty on wet ear is decidedly inferior. Here with a study is under taken to compare surgical outcome of canal wallup tympanomastoidectomy in dry and wet ear. Objectives: To compare the success of graft uptake in dry and wet ears. To compare the post-operative hearing improvement in dry and wet ear following canal wall up tympanomastoidectomy. Methods:The comparative study was carried out on total 60 patients with chronic otitis media with central perforation. Of these 30 patients belong to dry ear group and 30 patients with mild, mucoid discharge as wet ear group. All patients underwent canalwall up tympanomastoidectomy under generalanesthesia. Post- operativelyall patientswere evaluatedfor graftuptakeand hearing improvement by pure tone audiometry at 3rd month follow-up. Results: In our study, the successful graft uptake was seen in 76.7% in dry ear and 80% in wet ear, statistically p-value is 0.75 (p>0.05) which is insignificant. Postoperatively hearing gain was (0-5 dB) in 2 patients with dry ear and 1 patient  with wet ear; ( 6-10 dB) in 5 patients with dry ear and 10 patients with wet ear; more than 10 dB in 12 patients with dry ear and 8 patients with wet ear, statistically p-value is 0.55 (p>0.05) which isinsignificant. Conclusion: The very fact that the p-value is insignificant in both,thegraftup taker ate and hearing improvement,shows that the presence of discharge in the ear at the time of operation does not interfere with the result of canal wall up tympanomastoidectomy. Keywords: canal wall up tympanomastoidectomy, dry ear, wet ear

PHARMACOKINETIC COMPARISON OF MONTELUKAST SODIUM FORMULATIONS AFTER A SINGLE ORAL DOSE IN HEALTHY GUINEA PIGS

Objective: Pharmacokinetic evaluation of montelukast sodium chronomodulated capsules (sustained-release solid dispersion of drug enclosed in pH-sensitive film-coated hard gelatin shell) and marketed tablets has been carried out in this study. Methods: A single oral dose of prepared capsules and marketed conventional tablets was administered in healthy male Dunkin-Hartley albino guinea pigs. Blood samples were collected at different time intervals and plasma concentration of drug was determined by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Different pharmacokinetic parameters were assessed from plasma drug concentration-time profile by one-compartment model, first-order kinetics. Results: Pharmacokinetic parameters such as time to reach maximum concentration, elimination rate constant, elimination half-life, and mean residence time data indicates that drug release from chronomodulated capsules is significantly prolonged with initial release lag time of 3.5–4 h in comparison with marketed conventional tablets. However, maximum drug plasma concentration, area under the concentration-time curve, and apparent volume of distribution values show non-significant difference between capsules and marketed tablets. Conclusion: The findings specified that capsules were providing time controlled delivery of drug at a desired rate for prolonged time, which may be helpful for the prevention of episodic attack of asthma in early morning hours

Standardization of zygotic embryo culture from Nerium oleander L. and comparative analysis of biosynthesized cardiac glycosides within in vitro and acclimatized plants

The primary result of our experiment revealed that the germination percentage of N. oleander mature seeds is only 30%. From this observation, the concept of protocol standardization for zygotic embryo culture of this plant was originated. Zygotic embryo culture was proved an efficient in vitro multiplication system of N. oleander. The maximum germination percentage (96%) of zygotic embryos was observed on ¼ MS medium with 15 gm/L sucrose, whereas the best growth medium was optimized as ½ B5 with same sucrose concentration. The second part of this study was aimed to find out the cardiac glycoside accumulation pattern in both in vitro and acclimatized plants. For this purpose, one-month-old in vitro plantlets and acclimatized plants were subjected to LC-MS analysis and 09 cardiac glycosides were detected and quantified in both the systems. Most of the cardiac glycosides including odoroside A (32.71 mg/gm DW), odoroside H (4.69 mg/gm DW) and oleandrin (0.52 mg/gm DW) were found to be accumulated at maximum level within in vitro plantlets. CG 840b (1.89 mg/gm DW) is the only cardiac glycoside, which was maximally accumulated in acclimatized plants. From this study, it can be concluded that, zygotic embryo culture is a better choice for in vitro multiplication of N. oleander when compared to matured seeds and in vitro grown plantlets of this species favor cardiac glycosides biosynthesis in comparison to acclimatized plants. Therefore, all future research on the enrichment of cardiac glycosides from this plant may be conducted on zygotic embryos derived in vitro grown plantlets or cultures

A study of the risk factors and outcome in patients with upper gastrointestinal bleed presenting to a tertiary care center in Kumaon region of Uttarakhand

Background: Upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding refers to blood loss within the intraluminal GI tract from any location between the upper esophagi to the duodenum at the level of the ligament of Treitz. Bleeding from the upper GI tract may present as hematemesis, melena, hematochezia, occult GI bleeding, and anemia. Aims and Objectives: The aims of this study were to study the risk factors and outcome in upper GI bleed patients presenting to a tertiary care center in Kumaon region of Uttarakhand. The primary objective was to estimate the proportion of mortality in upper GI bleed patients attending a tertiary care center. The secondary objective was to study the risk factors associated with upper GI bleed and their effect on mortality. Materials and Methods: This was a hospital-based observational prospective clinical study, carried out in the Department of General medicine, Dr. Susheela Tiwari Memorial Hospital and associated Government Medical College, Haldwani, from January 2020 to September 2021 after obtaining ethical clearance from the Institutional Review Committee and informed consent from the patient or patient relatives. Statistical testing has been conducted with the Statistical Package for the Social Science software (SPSS version 20.0). Results: The factors associated with mortality using multivariate analysis were high international normalized ratio (INR), low albumin, raised serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminas, high Child Pugh Score, and high model for end stage liver disease (MELD) score found to be significant. Conclusion: The mortality rate in our patients was 18% and factors associated with increased mortality were high INR, low Albumin, raised creatinine, high Child Pugh Score, high MELD score, and presence of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis

Prevalence of sensorineural hearing loss among the patients with Diabetes Mellitus

Hearing loss is a very common problem worldwide affecting all age groups & leading to marked disability and handicap. Among the causes such as multiple sclerosis, syphilis and autoimmune disorders, Diabetes is the most common of all. Thus, the present study was conducted to evaluate the relation and degree of sensorineural hearing loss with Diabetes Mellitus along with its severity. For the study, a total of 300 patients were enrolled with complaints of hearing loss and or tinnitus. A complete ENT evaluation was done on the patients. Mean age of the patients was 49.54 ±8.9. About 80.7% patients complained of hearing loss while tinnitus was present in 58.3% of diabetes patients. The association between age and hearing loss was statistically significant with older patients (p<0.001) as compared to younger ones. Association between type of diabetes and sensorineural hearing loss was also statistically significant. The diabetic subjects had higher hearing threshold with bilateral mild to moderate degree sensorineural hearing loss. Age of diabetic patient and duration of diabetes, type of diabetes and levels of HBA1c had significant correlation with hearing loss

A comparative study of combined dermaroller and platelet-rich plasma versus dermaroller alone in acne scars and assessment of quality of life before and after treatment

Background: Scarring due to acne is a frequently encountered problem in dermatological outpatient department. Microneedling has been a well-accepted modality for the treatment of atrophic acne scars. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a newer option to investigate. Aims: The aims of this study were (1) to compare the efficacy of combined dermaroller and PRP therapy with dermaroller alone in facial acne scars and (2) to assess the psychosocial impact due to acne scars and its treatment. Methods: A total of 55 patients were included in the study and randomly divided into two groups, Group A: 28 and Group B: 27. Proper counseling was done, and detailed clinical findings were recorded. Patients in Group A were treated with dermaroller alone while Group B patients underwent treatment with a combination of dermaroller and intradermal PRP injections. A total of three sitting were done at monthly interval. Final response was assessed at 1 month after the last sitting. Criteria of evaluation included Goodman and Baron's quantitative scale, visual analog score, and dermatology life quality index scores. Side effects were noted. Results were analyzed using Chi-square test and t-test. Results: Significant percentage improvement was noted in both the groups. However, Group B treated with both modalities had better results when compared with that in the Group A. Conclusion: A combination approach using dermaroller and PRP was a safe and better option than using dermaroller alone in atrophic acne scars for clinical improvement as well as for improvement in dermatology life quality index score

Clinical study of tumors of nose and paranasal sinuses-an observational study

Background: Tumors of nasal cavity and sinuses account for 0.2-0.8% of all carcinomas. These tumors show a great diversity in their presentation, clinical features, histology and treatment options. Tumors often simulate symptoms of chronic sinusitis and other chronic inflammatory diseases, with a resultant delay in diagnosis. This clinical study is carried out with an objective of knowing the various clinical manifestations of the tumors of Nose and Para nasal sinuses and various diagnostic methods available for the detection of these tumors, so as to aid in the adequatemanagement.Methods:This is a Prospective clinical study conducted on patients attending the ENT Hospitals attached to autonomous Medical College, Bahraich, UP during the study period from June 2017 to June 2019.Fifty consecutive cases were analyzed. Results: There are 23 benign and 27 malignant tumors in the study. Diagnostic nasal endoscopy and Biopsy were very valuable in the assessment and management of these tumors. All Benign tumors were treated surgically and malignant tumors were treated with a combination of surgery ,radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy. Conclusion: Real improvements in the prognosis are unlikely to occur unless the disease is diagnosed at an early stage. This can be achieved by educating the general public about the symptomology of these tumors and encouraging the general practitioners to exercise more caution when they encounter patients with innocuous appearing nasal symptoms. Key words: Tumor, Maxillectomy, Orbital Exenteration, Metastasis, Obturator