Is it necessary to measure all brain regions for the assessment of PAF?

From decades of research, electroencephalography (EEG) has been proved as a potential non-invasive medical technique to measure the electrophysiological activities of brain. Alpha is one of the most prominent frequency bands of EEG because of its applications in cognitive enhancement and biofeedback methods. 300 participants were included in the present study to investigate the relationships between their cognitive performance and Peak Alpha Frequency (PAF). Brain activity was recorded from all significant brain regions in 250 participants and only from occipital region in 50 participants. The aim of the present study was to ensure the brain region which is the most dominant one to measure PAF/ IAF. Power Spectrum Density (PSD) method was used for EEG signal analysis. Interrelationship among PAF, IAF and PAF of six individual electrode positions was also explored. Findings reveled that parieto- occipital electrode points are sufficient to assess one’s peak alpha frequency

Observational study of maternal and fetal outcome in obstetric emergencies admitted to tertiary care centre

Background: Objectives of the current study were to evaluate the risks factors, clinical presentations, the management and maternal and fetal outcome of common obstetric emergencies encountered at Government general hospital Nizamabad, Telangana, from April 2019 to November 2019.Methods: It is an Observational, hospital-based study done department of obstetrics and gynaecology in 160 cases of obstetric emergencies managed in 8 months study period were reviewed.Results: Out of 3000 deliveries there were 160 cases of obstetric emergencies giving a percentage of 5.33%. About 84% had antenatal care and 16% had not taken ANC with perinatal mortality of 91.9% in booked cases. Out of 160 cases of obstetric emergencies, obstetric haemorrhage constituted 94 (58.75%) cases and among those cases, 23 cases (24.5%) were PPH including both atonic and traumatic, abruptio placenta constituted 35 cases (37.3%). Out of 160 cases of obstetric emergencies, obstructed labour constituted 29 cases (18.1%) being a frequent indication for emergency caesarean section, 1 case of septic abortion and 30 cases eclampsia. 29 perinatal deaths giving the perinatal mortality rate as 181 per 1000 live births. One maternal mortality due to rupture uterus. Maternal morbidity was in the form of wound infections which was found in 6 cases (3.75%), wound gaping in 2 cases (1.25%) PPH in 19 cases (11.81%), septicaemia in 17 cases (10.6%), puerperal pyrexia 6 cases (3.7%), vaginal or cervical injury 6 cases (3.7%), ICU admissions in 9 cases (5.6%). This morbidity increased the number of days of hospital stay to the patients.Conclusions: In majority of cases, the complications are preventable and treatable with proper antenatal and intranatal care. Identification of high risks cases, education of people about the importance of supervised pregnancy, delivery and emergency obstetric care will reduce the maternal mortality and morbidity and perinatal mortality and morbidity significantly

ANTIDIABETIC ACTIVITY OF METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF NEPETA HINDOSTANA HERB IN STREPTOZOTOCIN INDUCED DIABETES IN RATS

Objective: The present work was designed to evaluate the antidiabetic effect of Nepeta hindostana methanolic extract in streptozotocin-induced diabetes in rats.Methods: Wistar rats were divided into different groups and glibenclamide (2.5 mg/kg), and Nepeta hindostana methanolic extract (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) treatments were given orally, for 28 d. Change in body weight, glucose level, lipid profile, total cholesterol, and triglyceride level in tissue homogenates, total hemoglobin, and HbA1C and pancreas microscopy of different groups were evaluated.Results: Nepeta hindostana methanolic extract 200 and 400 mg/kg dose group have a significant change in weight as compared to diabetic control. All the extract treated groups showed a significant reduction in glucose level on 14th and 28th day as compared to diabetic control. The level of serum total cholesterol and triglyceride level were significantly reduced, and HDL level significantly increased in 400 mg/kg groups after 28 d treatment. However, a significant increase in Hb concentration was observed in diabetic rats treated with 200 and 400 mg/kg, when compared to diabetic control. The microscopy of the pancreas showed both glibenclamide and 400 mg/kg extract does appear to regulate diabetes at the cellular level resulting in restoration of near normal architecture pancreatic islets of langerhans and hepatocytes.Conclusion: It can be concluded that Nepeta hindostana methanolic extract exhibit significant antidiabetic activity against streptozotocin-induced diabetes model. Keywords: Nepeta hindostana, Streptozotocin, Antidiabeti