Implementation and Analysis of Different Equalizers using SIC and V-Blast Architecture for MIMO systems

Wireless communication transfers the information between two points without connected electrically to each other. Wireless operations permits to user to communicate long range or at any range without wires. Wireless communication is reliable, robust and secure. This paper evaluates the performance of detectors using V-BLAST architecture for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. To Review the performance, the implementation of the multiuser receivers like the ZF detector, the MMSE receiver and SIC Successive Interference Cancellation is required. The algorithms of these receivers combined with multiuser receivers to achieve high channel capacity. Simulation result shows that instead of using equal number of transmitter and receiver antennas, this will get better performance of BER with increased number of receiver antennas only compared to transmitters

Comparative Analysis of Bit Error Rate and Outage Capacity for MIMO Space Time Trellis Coding

In this paper, we have first given brief introduction to Multiple Inputs Multiple Outputs (MIMO) systems. After that different MIMO models and their capacity is discussed. We have compared bit error rate of different modulation techniques like Phase Shift Keying (PSK), Quadrature Amplitude Modulation i.e. QAM 16, QAM 32, QAM 64 using Space Time Trellis Coding (STTC). The outage capacity and bit error rate of MIMO and MISO have also been compared. The Rank criterion is used for maximizing the rank of transmitting antennas matrix in STTC. The proposed technique increases spatial diversity and coding gain of MIMO channels

Identification of bacterial urinary tract pathogens from urine samples using conventional methods and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry

Background: Early diagnosis of urinary tract infections (UTIs) is essential to avoid inadequate or unnecessary empirical antibiotic therapy. In this study, we evaluate the coincidence rate between conventional method for the diagnosis of UTIs (plate cultures and identification based on biochemical characteristics) and a fast method based on Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization-Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). In recent years, proteomic techniques have achieved a relevant role in the identification of microorganisms in the field of clinical microbiology. MALDI-TOF MS has been suggested as a fast and reliable method for bacterial identification.Methods: Around 50 midstream urine samples submitted to Microbiology laboratory for Gram staining and bacterial culture were analyzed. Samples were microscopically tested, characterized, and identified using different media such as blood agar and Mac Conkey agar and by applying suitable biochemical tests. Urine specimens showing a significant bacteriuria on culture and single morphological type by Gram staining were then processed by MALDI-TOF MS.Results: Of 50 specimens, colony growth was observed in 43(86%) specimens, and 38(88.3%) specimens had growth of single-colony morphological type in culture. 32(84.2%) of them had colony counts of >105 colony forming units (CFUs)/ml. 7(14%) samples were negative in culture, and all of them were also negative by MALDI-TOF MS. Microorganism identifications in this group were coincident at the species level in 28(87.5%) specimens. The most frequent microorganism identified was Escherichia coli, followed by Klebsiella species and Acinetobacter baumanii. MALDI-TOF MS identified Providencia stuartii in 3 samples and Pseudomonas putida in 1 of them; which were not in accordance with the conventional method used for identification.Conclusions: Present study results show that MALDI-TOF MS allows bacterial identification from infected urine in a short time, with high accuracy, and especially when uncommon uropathogens are involved

Nonfactorizable Contribution to B-Meson Decays to s-Wave Mesons

Two-body weak decays of bottom mesons into two pseudoscalar and pseudoscalar and vector mesons, are examined under isospin analysis to study nonfactorizable contribution

Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Conversion Rates Two Decades Later

Male patients greater than 50 years of age and cases performed by low-volume surgeons were found to have a higher rate of conversion to open procedures

Psychometric analysis of stress, anxiety and depression in patients with recurrent aphthous Stomatitis-A cross-sectional survey based study

Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis is a chronic inflammatory immune mediated condition associated with single or multiple, painful recurring ulcers of the oral mucosa. Psychological stress is a common trigger factor identified for the onset and progression of this condition. The study aimed to evaluate stress, anxiety and depression using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale and stress by the General Health Questionnaire in subjects with Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis (RAS). The study evaluated subjects with a history of Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis and compared their psychological stress, anxiety and depression alteration to normal subjects. Seventy-five study subjects were divided into three groups; test group 1 (25 subjects) presenting with RAS, test group 2 (25 subjects) with a history of RAS but without oral ulcers, and 25 normal subjects with no history of RAS formed the control group. Chi square and student t test was used to determine the relationship between psychological variables and recurrent aphthous ulcers. Comparison of stress, Anxiety and Depression between test group 1 and control group, test group 2 and control group was not found to be statistically significant (p< 0.05). Hence, differences were evident when individual questions were analyzed for stress anxiety and depression. Stress and depression were more prevalent in females, students and patients with a history of RAS. Higher depression and stress levels were evident in subjects with a history of RAS. Psychological stress is a utmost trigger factor for the initiation of recurrent ulcers. Overall, test group patients had a more psychological impact on the quality of life than the control group

Novel Considerations about Diabetes Management Strategies in Chinese Immigrants in America: Possible Corollaries of the Use of Traditional Chinese Medicines

Worldwide, the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its related management costs have increased over time. The latest predictions anticipate this trend to continue during the next few decades. As individuals with T2DM in the United States (US) are burdened with escalating prescription drug expenses, the appeal and use of cost effective alternatives may also increase. Herbal supplements are an example of such an alternative, but are unregulated and mostly lacking scientific evidence of advertised claims. In general, plant based herbal preparations are often advertised as ‘natural’, ‘less-toxic’, ‘medicines’ and are widely available from public retailers throughout the country. Over half of the US adult population report the use of supplements. Eastern countries, and especially China, have a long history of the use of herbal preparations as traditional medicine to prevent and treat diabetes. Recently the US has experienced a growth in the number imports of herbal supplements and other Traditional Chinese Medicines (TCM) to the country as well as the most rapid population growth in individuals who identify themselves as Asian. To date, little is known about the prevalence TCM use in the management of T2DM either alone or in combination with prescription medicines in the US. Knowledge of possible implications to patient safety (e.g., interactions, adverse effects) with concurrent use of both TCM and prescription medicines is also lacking. This review begins with summaries of the T2DM management strategies employed in traditional modern medicine (TMM) and Chinese medicine (TCM). A review of literature follows where the most commonly used TCM herbal preparations and their ingredients are identified and found along with any published reports of their proposed mechanisms of action, efficacy, adverse effects, and contraindications. Conflict of Interest We declare no conflicts of interest or financial interests that the authors or members of their immediate families have in any product or service discussed in the manuscript, including grants (pending or received), employment, gifts, stock holdings or options, honoraria, consultancies, expert testimony, patents and royalties. &nbsp; Type:&nbsp;Revie

Novel Considerations about Diabetes Management Strategies in Chinese Immigrants in America: Possible Corollaries of the Use of Traditional Chinese Medicines

Worldwide, the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its related management costs have increased over time. The latest predictions anticipate this trend to continue during the next few decades. As individuals with T2DM in the United States (US) are burdened with escalating prescription drug expenses, the appeal and use of cost effective alternatives may also increase. Herbal supplements are an example of such an alternative, but are unregulated and mostly lacking scientific evidence of advertised claims. In general, plant based herbal preparations are often advertised as ‘natural’, ‘less-toxic’, ‘medicines’ and are widely available from public retailers throughout the country. Over half of the US adult population report the use of supplements. Eastern countries, and especially China, have a long history of the use of herbal preparations as traditional medicine to prevent and treat diabetes. Recently the US has experienced a growth in the number imports of herbal supplements and other Traditional Chinese Medicines (TCM) to the country as well as the most rapid population growth in individuals who identify themselves as Asian. To date, little is known about the prevalence TCM use in the management of T2DM either alone or in combination with prescription medicines in the US. Knowledge of possible implications to patient safety (e.g., interactions, adverse effects) with concurrent use of both TCM and prescription medicines is also lacking. This review begins with summaries of the T2DM management strategies employed in traditional modern medicine (TMM) and Chinese medicine (TCM). A review of literature follows where the most commonly used TCM herbal preparations and their ingredients are identified and found along with any published reports of their proposed mechanisms of action, efficacy, adverse effects, and contraindications. Conflict of Interest We declare no conflicts of interest or financial interests that the authors or members of their immediate families have in any product or service discussed in the manuscript, including grants (pending or received), employment, gifts, stock holdings or options, honoraria, consultancies, expert testimony, patents and royalties.   Type: Revie