Management of Dry Socket: A Systemic Review

Dry socket or alveolar osteitis or sicca Dolorosa is commonly associated complication following extraction of third molars.  Hindrance of the clot within the extraction socket which disrupts healing process is the basic phenomena happened in dry socket. The correct etiology of sicca Dolorosa remains unclear but it allied with severe postoperative pain and discomfort to the patient. Therefore we aim to review this article which gives a brief overview of the clinical features, etiology and the management of dry socket

EDITORIAL: A better media deal?

As this edition of Pacific Journalism Review went to press, Fiji was in the throes of conducting a census. Technology is helping the process. Technology is often associated with democratising the political proc- ess, decentralising the status quo, upholding free speech, promoting direct democracy and amplifying voices that often remain silent. Regardless of the potential of technology to deliver these freedoms, the issues that existed before the advent of the internet, e.g. access to technology (affordability and availability, including the issue of electricity in developing nations), user motivation and skill in using these new gadgets still stand. This edition, jointly produced with University of the South Pacific media staff, publishes a series of articles addressing these issues. On Media Freedom Day, 3 May 2006, the Fiji Media Council, assisted by USP’s regional journalism programme, organised a panel on ‘Media and alleviation of poverty’. The panel—men from the developed world who were either connected to the media industry in Fiji, or owned a great stake in it—talked about everything but the media’s role in alleviating poverty

A comparative study of organic solvents, ionic liquids, surfactants and acids for liquid phase exfoliation of graphene

Graphene is the most widely investigated carbon nanomaterial having two-dimensional honeycomb lattice structure. Recently, it has attracted worldwide attention due to its remarkable electrical, thermal, mechanical, chemical and optical properties, which are highly suitable for various electronic device applications. Various methods of graphene synthesis have been utilized for the production of graphene each having its own advantages and disadvantages. Liquid phase exfoliation method uses top-down approach and has the advantages of being environment friendly, facile and economically viable. Liquid phase exfoliated graphene is highly suitable for making thin films for their potential applications in electronic devices such as thin films transistors, transparent electrodes, light-emitting diodes, supercapacitors, etc. In this paper, a comparative study of different exfoliation medium used for liquid phase exfoliation of graphene such as organic solvents, ionic liquids, surfactants, polymers and acids are described. Because of the usually low concentration of graphene (< 0.01 mg/mL) obtained from liquid phase exfoliation method, research has been done for enhancing the concentration. Recent progress made in enhancing graphene concentration in organic solvents by adding various additives is reported here. Finally, we discuss the challenges and future prospects of improving liquid phase exfoliation of graphene for modern electronics devices

ISOLATION AND SCREENING OF ANTIMICROBIAL AND EXTRACELLULAR PIGMENT-PRODUCING ACTINOMYCETES FROM CHAMBAL TERRITORY OF MADYA PRADESH REGION, INDIA

In the present study, the objective is to isolate, characterize, and study of biological activity of pigment-producing actinomycetes. Samples werecollected from rhizosphere soil of Chambal territory and other parts of Madhya Pradesh regions. Screening of actinomycetes was done on the basisof pigment diffusion ability in International Streptomycetes Project media. Characterization of the actinomycete was made by scanning electronmicroscopy and 16s rRNA molecular sequencing. The antimicrobial activity of selected actinomycete was done by overlay agar method and well agardiffusion method against various pathogenic microorganisms. Among 85 actinomycetes isolates, only AR-ITM02 showed pigment-producing anddiffusion ability in media. The Gram-staining and scanning electron microscopy confirmed the linear chain structure of actinomycete. Morphological,biochemical, and molecular analysis confirmed the isolate belong to genus Streptomyces. Streptomyces isolate has also shown notable antimicrobialactivities against various pathogens. These significant results make Streptomyces suitable for further investigation and industrial exploitation. Thepresent investigation reveals that Chambal territory region of Madhya Pradesh has great ability to produce potent actinomycetes, which possesspigment-production and antimicrobial activities against various pathogens.Keywords: Actinomycetes, Pathogenic microorganisms, Pigments, Scanning electron microscopy

CHARACTERIZATION OF ACTINOMYCETES AGAINST PHYTOPATHOGENIC FUNGI OF GLYCINE MAX (L.)

ABSTRACTObjective: This study was conducted to evaluate the antifungal activity of actinomycetes.Methods: The cross-streak plate method and agar well methods were used for the screening of actinomycetes for determination of antifungal activityof actinomycetes against phytopathogens of the soybean crop.Results: A total of 80 strains of actinomycetes were isolated from the soils of different habitats of Chambal region, Madhya Pradesh, evaluated fortheir ability to inhibit plant pathogens, i.e., Macrophomina phaseolina, Fusarium oxysporum, Colletotrichum truncatum, and Rhizoctonia solani in vitro.Entire isolates were screened for their antifungal activity by agar well method against phytopathogenic fungi. After screening, out of these, only oneactinomycetae ACITM-1 showed antifungal activity against M. phaseolina, F. oxysporum, R. solani, and C. truncatum.Conclusion: This study proves that actinomycetes isolated from soil have good antifungal activity against the fungal pathogens of the soybean crop.Keywords: Antifungal activity, Saprophytic, Phytopathogens, Soybean, Metabolite

ASHA Workers and Adolescent Health: An Explorative Study

Introduction: Adolescents constitute around 1.2 billion population of the world. Despite the fact that adolescents represent almost one quarter of the Indian population, their health needs are poorly understood and ill served. ASHAs being front line workers may play a significant role in addressing adolescence health issues at community level.Objective: To assess awareness and practices of ASHA workers regarding adolescent health issues.Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted among 1650 ASHA workers in Sonepat District of Haryana who had gathered for a training session on adolescent health. Before the session, a questionnaire in local language was distributed to assess their understanding about adolescent health issues. Data was analyzed using SPSS software (version 17). Results were presented in simple proportions and means (+SD).Results: Mean age (+SD) of ASHAs was 38.74 + 8.7 years. Maximum 1178 (71.4%) belonged to age group of 25-45 years. 1582 (95.9%) ASHAs were aware that adolescence age group was constituted by 10-19 years. 435 (26.4%) knew of anemia, 368 (22.3%) knew of vaginal discharge, 292 (17.7%) knew of menstrual problems as common problem in adolescence age group. 1297 (78.6%) reported condoms, 58 (3.5%) tubectomy, 139 (8.4%) oral pills as contraceptive methods for adolescence.Conclusion: ASHA workers should be trained adequately about adolescence health issues so that continuum of care under RMNCHA plus can be achieved. Training should provide complete knowledge about the same

Menstrual hygiene practices among adolescent girls in a resettlement colony of Delhi: a cross-sectional study

Background: Menarche is an important milestone in the life of a girl which signifies the onset of fertility in a woman. To understand the health consequences and importance of menstrual hygiene practices among adolescent girls, it is important to study the current practices about the same so that future interventions can be planned accordingly.Methods: This study adopted a cross-sectional study design. A total of 85 adolescent girls (10-19 years old) were interviewed by the investigator over a period of 3 months (Jan-Mar 2015). Data were analyzed using the software SPSS version 17.Results: Out of 85 adolescent girls studied, the majority was between 15 to 19 years. In our study 71(83.5%) out of 85 adolescent girls had already started their menstruation. The mean (±SD) age of menarche in the study subjects was 11.4±5.3 years. Around 33 out of 71 (46.4%) girls practiced different restrictions during menstruation. Out of 71 (85.9%) girls used sanitary pads during menstruation. In cases of reused cloth, the place of its drying was observed, responses stated were; outside the house in sunlight in 1 (5.8%) girl, 14 (82.2%) dried them inside the house, and 2 (11.7%) girls dried them outside in a dark place.Conclusions: It is imperative to strengthen the menstrual hygiene management (MHM) programs of the country and have a greater outreach. Multiple strategies need to be used to address this such as education on reproductive health and menstruation provided in schools, media campaign’s and improving water and sanitation for improving school retention of adolescent girls and their overall health

Successful pregnancy in a patient with Ebstein’s anomaly: a case report and review of literature

Ebstein’s anomaly, a rare congenital heart disease, has an extremely variable natural history, depending on variety of pathological features. We here describe a case of a patient with Ebstein’s anomaly who had an uneventful vaginal delivery of a healthy term baby. The anomaly was diagnosed during childhood, was not associated with other cardiac anomalies, cyanosis or pre-excitation and the echocardiographic degree of severity was low

tert-Butyl N-{2-[bis­(prop-2-yn-1-yl)amino]­phen­yl}carbamate

In the crystal of the title compound, C17H20N2O2, the molecules are linked by C—H⋯O interactions. Intra­molecular C—H⋯O and N—H⋯N hydrogen bonds also occur