Resistivity noise in crystalline magnetic nanowires and its implications to domain formation and kinetics

We have investigated the time-dependent fluctuations in electrical resistance, or noise, in high quality crystalline magnetic nanowires within nanoporous templates. The noise increases exponentially with increasing temperature and magnetic field, and has been analyzed in terms of domain wall depinning within the Neel-Brown framework. The frequency-dependence of noise also indicates a crossover from nondiffusive kinetics to long-range diffusion at higher temperatures, as well as a strong collective depinning, which need to be considered when implementing these nanowires in magnetoelectronic devices.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figure

Field-tunable stochasticity in the magnetization reversal of a cylindrical nanomagnet

The nature of magnetization reversal in an isolated cylindrical nanomagnet has been studied employing time-resolved magnetoresistance measurement. We find that the reversal mode is highly stochastic, occurring either by multimode or single-step switching. Intriguingly, the stochasticity was found to depend on the alignment of the driving magnetic field to the long axis of the nanowires, where predominantly multimode switching gives way to single-step switching behavior as the field direction is rotated from parallel to transverse with respect to the nanowire axis.Comment: Accepted in Phys. Rev.

Moving up the Pipeline: Factors Associated with Interest in School Psychology Programs

Despite the growing number of minority students in U.S. public schools, only a small percentage of school psychology graduate students, trainers and practicing school psychologists identify themselves as racial minorities. Analyses were conducted on 512 responses to a national survey that investigated demographic and other qualitative factors that are associated with interest in school psychology master’s and doctoral programs. Additionally, analyses were also conducted to examine demographic differences that exist between undergraduate students interested in PsyD versus PhD school psychology programs. The study aimed to investigate whether there was: (a) a significant relationship between doctoral interest and higher household incomes, higher parental education, and financial support from family to pay for undergraduate or graduate education, (b) a significant relationship between doctoral interest among racially diverse students and higher household incomes and higher parental education, and (c) a significant relationship between interest in PsyD programs and higher household incomes. Results did not support the three proposed hypotheses. However, exploratory analyses supported differential effects of demographic and qualitative factors on interest in types of school psychology programs among White and minority students. Given the novelty of this study in investigating differences between specialist and doctoral interest, additional research is needed to support this study’s findings. Implications for recruitment of diverse individuals and future research are discussed

Obstetrical outcome of pregnancy complicated with first trimester bleeding and subchorionic hematoma

Background: First trimester bleeding complicates around 20-27% of pregnancy. Objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the feto-maternal and pregnancy outcome in patients presenting with live pregnancy complicated with first trimester bleeding and subchorionic hematoma with those without subchorionic hematoma.Methods: In this prospective observational study, based on ultrasonography, live pregnancies were categorized into two groups, first group having first trimester bleeding with subchorionic hematoma and second with first trimester bleeding only without any hematoma. They were evaluated for the end outcome of pregnancy in terms of abortion and continuation. Continued pregnancies were evaluated for antenatal complications, delivery and intrapartum events along with fetal outcomes.Results: Outcome of pregnancies presenting with first trimester bleeding in terms of abortion was similar in both the groups, 22.8% and 21.5% with hematoma and without hematoma respectively. Incidence of preeclampsia was 11.4% and Fetal growth restriction was 7% in pregnancies with first trimester bleeding with hematoma and was significantly higher than those without hematoma which was 3.07% for preeclampsia and 3% for fetal growth restriction. Incidence of antepartum haemorrhage was higher in hematoma group but the result was not statistically significant. 20% pregnancies with first trimester bleeding with hematoma had preterm deliveries, while it was 7.7% in pregnancies without hematoma and the difference was statistically significant. Low birth weight had occurred in 20% of babies in first group of patients while 4.6% in second group, difference being statistically significant.Conclusions: We found that live pregnancies with first trimester bleeding and subchorionic hematoma were associated with similar risk of miscarriage and antepartum haemorrhage while increased risk of preeclampsia, fetal growth restrictions, preterm birth, non-reassuring fetal heart pattern, caesarean delivery and low birth weight baby when compared to patients with first trimester bleeding without subchorionic hematoma. There was no difference in 5 minutes Apgar score and the NICU admission in both the groups

The evaluative role of diagnostic hysteroscopy and ultrasonography in abnormal uterine bleeding

Background: Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) affects women of reproductive as well as perimenopausal age groups, has significant social and economic impacts. The causes of are Abnormal uterine bleeding numerous and include systemic, anatomical and hormonal disturbances. The usual tools of diagnosis are ultrasonography (USG) followed by endometrial curettage/aspirate which being a blind procedure, may miss out on focal endometrial cavity diseases. Office/diagnostic hysteroscopy has been found to be the method most suitable for making a quick diagnosis and guide treatment. The objective of the present study is to evaluate the role of hysteroscopy and comparing the finding with USG in the diagnosis of abnormal uterine bleeding.Methods: A retrospective study of 150 patients presenting with Abnormal uterine bleeding, conducted in the Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, from May 2014 to July 2016. Clinical diagnosis with ultrasonography and hysteroscopic findings were assessed and statistical agreement (kappa coefficient) was calculated.Results: Comparing findings of hysteroscopy with that of transvaginal ultrasonography the value of Kappa was found to be 0.448 which shows that there is intermediate to good agreement between the findingsConclusions: Hysteroscopy is an effective tool to diagnose uterine cavitary lesions in abnormal uterine bleeding

Sirenomelia with Potter syndrome: a case report and review of literature

Sirenomelia or mermaid syndrome is a rare congenital anomaly characterized by variable degree of fusion of lower extremities. Awareness to this rare condition is important for prenatal diagnosis and prognosticating the fetus. The exact etiopathogenesis is still an area of research. Two pathogenic hypotheses are the vascular steal hypothesis and the defective blastogenesis hypothesis with exceptions reported in literature

Iniencephaly: a rare birth defect

Iniencephaly is form of neural tube defect which includes occipital bone defect at foramen magnum along with fixed retroflexion of fetal head and absence of fetal neck. Incidence of iniencephaly is 0.1-10 in 10,000 pregnancies. There is a known female predilection for this condition. Iniencephaly has a poor prognosis. It can be diagnosed antenatally by raised maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein and typical ultrasound features. Termination should be advised to patients who present before 20 weeks. Herein we are describing a case of iniencephaly who presented at 27 weeks of gestation with a brief review of literature