Asymptotic expansion for reversible A + B <-> C reaction-diffusion process

We study long-time properties of reversible reaction-diffusion systems of type A + B C by means of perturbation expansion in powers of 1/t (inverse of time). For the case of equal diffusion coefficients we present exact formulas for the asymptotic forms of reactant concentrations and a complete, recursive expression for an arbitrary term of the expansions. Taking an appropriate limit we show that by studying reversible reactions one can obtain "singular" solutions typical of irreversible reactions.Comment: 6 pages, no figures, to appear in PR

Inflammatory bone loss associated with MFG‐E8 deficiency is rescued by teriparatide

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/154457/1/fsb2fj201701238r-sup-0002.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/154457/2/fsb2fj201701238r.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/154457/3/fsb2fj201701238r-sup-0001.pd

Academic freedom in Europe: time for a Magna Charta?

This paper is a preliminary attempt to establish a working definition of academic freedom for the European Union states. The paper details why such a definition is required for the European Union and then examines some of the difficulties of defining academic freedom. By drawing upon experience of the legal difficulties beset by the concept in the USA and building on previous analyses of constitutional and legislative protection for academic freedom, and of legal regulations concerning institutional governance and academic tenure, a working definition of academic freedom is then derived. The resultant definition which, it is suggested, could form the basis for a European Magna Charta Libertatis Academicae, goes beyond traditional discussions of academic freedom by specifying not only the rights inherent in the concept but also its accompanying duties, necessary limitations and safeguards. The paper concludes with proposals for how the definition might be tested and carried forward

Impact of proteoglycan‐4 and parathyroid hormone on articular cartilage

Proteoglycan‐4 ( Prg4 ) protects synovial joints from arthropathic changes by mechanisms that are incompletely understood. Parathyroid hormone (PTH), known for its anabolic actions in bone, increases Prg4 expression and has been reported to inhibit articular cartilage degeneration in arthropathic joints. To investigate the effect of Prg4 and PTH on articular cartilage, 16‐week‐old Prg4 mutant and wild‐type mice were treated with intermittent PTH (1–34) or vehicle control daily for six weeks. Analyses included histology of the knee joint, micro‐CT of the distal femur, and serum biochemical analysis of type II collagen fragments (CTX‐II). Compared to wild‐type littermates, Prg4 mutant mice had an acellular layer of material lining the surfaces of the articular cartilage and menisci, increased articular cartilage degradation, increased serum CTX‐II concentrations, decreased articular chondrocyte apoptosis, increased synovium SDF‐1 expression, and irregularly contoured subchondral bone. PTH‐treated Prg4 mutant mice developed a secondary deposit overlaying the acellular layer of material lining the joint surfaces, but PTH‐treatment did not alter signs of articular cartilage degeneration in Prg4 mutant mice. The increased joint SDF‐1 levels and irregular subchondral bone found in Prg4 mutant mice introduce novel candidate mechanisms by which Prg4 protects articular cartilage. © 2012 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 31: 183–190, 2013Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/94686/1/22207_ftp.pd

A note on the reaction between sputter co-deposited Mn and Si and formation of the MnSi phase

Mn and Si were magnetron co-sputtered on Si (100) substrates and annealed in the temperature range of 773-848 K in Ar atmosphere to obtain MnSi. The results were tested by XRD, high resolution SEM (HRSEM), 4 points probe measurements and AES. The activation energy calculated on the basis of XRD intensity is in the range of 0.43-0.71 eV. The Mehl-Johnson relation was applied for the determination of the activation energy interval. The HRSEM thicknesses evaluated are related to the intensity measurements. The constants appearing in the Mehl-Johnson equation were determined by graphical iteration. The activation energy calculated on the basis of film thickness is almost exactly the same as that obtained by XRD intensity measurements being in the range of 0.43 – 0.73. The results of the activation energy evaluation of MnSi formation and the method relating XRD intensities to the thickness are discussed