64 research outputs found
Resources and Evaluations for Multi-Distribution Dense Information Retrieval
We introduce and define the novel problem of multi-distribution information
retrieval (IR) where given a query, systems need to retrieve passages from
within multiple collections, each drawn from a different distribution. Some of
these collections and distributions might not be available at training time. To
evaluate methods for multi-distribution retrieval, we design three benchmarks
for this task from existing single-distribution datasets, namely, a dataset
based on question answering and two based on entity matching. We propose simple
methods for this task which allocate the fixed retrieval budget (top-k
passages) strategically across domains to prevent the known domains from
consuming most of the budget. We show that our methods lead to an average of
3.8+ and up to 8.0 points improvements in Recall@100 across the datasets and
that improvements are consistent when fine-tuning different base retrieval
models. Our benchmarks are made publicly available.Comment: REML @ SIGIR 2023; 9 pages, 8 figure
Evaluation of the Cytotoxic Effects of CAM Therapies: An In Vitro
The purpose of this current study was to justify the incorporation of complementary and alternate medicine (CAM) in current cancer treatments. The major drawback of anticancer drugs is their nonselective killing, which ultimately leads to attrition of normal cells. Keeping this as the foundation of our study, we made an effort to compare the cytotoxicity associated with a known chemotherapeutic drug 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU), with certain CAM therapies previously reported to have anticancer activity. The parameters chosen for the study were based on antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects on normal, kidney epithelial cells (NRK-52E). The MTT assay, colony formation assay, DNA fragmentation, and differential staining using AO/EB, following treatment with either 5-FU or CAM therapies, were performed. The CAM therapies under study were various extracts of wheatgrass, roots of Achyranthes aspera (AA), mushroom extracts (Pleurotus ostreatus, Macrolepiota procera, and Auricularia polytricha), and a homeopathic drug, Ruta graveolens (Ruta). The results showed that treatment of normal cells with the CAM therapies led to minimum cell damage in comparison to 5-FU. This evidence-based study will lead to greater acceptance of alternative therapies against cancer
Squared torsion gravity and its cosmological implications
We present the coupling of the torsion scalar and the trace of
energy-momentum tensor , which produces new modified
gravity. Moreover, we consider the functional form
where and are
free parameters. As an alternative to a cosmological constant, the
theory may offer a theoretical explanation of the late-time
acceleration. The recent observational data to the considered model especially
the bounds on model parameters is applied in detail. Furthermore, we analyze
the cosmological behavior of the deceleration, effective equation of state and
total equation of state parameters. However, it is seen that the deceleration
parameter depicts the transition from deceleration to acceleration and the
effective dark sector shows a quintessence-like evolution.Comment: 7 figures, 8 pages Comments are welcom
Reconstruction of Lagrangian for various cosmological scenario
The variety of theories that can account for the dark energy phenomenon
encourages current research to concentrate on a more in-depth examination of
the potential impacts of modified gravity on both local and cosmic scales. We
discuss some cosmological reconstruction in cosmology (where is
the non-metricity scalar, and is the trace of the energy-momentum tensor)
corresponding to the evolution background in
Friedmann-La\^imatre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) universe. This helps us to
determine how any FLRW cosmology can arise from a specific theory. We
use the reconstruction technique to derive explicit forms of
Lagrangian for the different kinds of matter sources and Einstein's static
universe. We also formulate the models using several ansatz forms of the
function for . We demonstrate that several classes of
theories admit the power-law and de-Sitter solutions in some ranges of
. Additionally, we reconstruct the cosmological model for the scalar
field with a specific form of . These new models with cosmological
inspiration may impact gravitational phenomena at other cosmological scales.Comment: PLB published versio
Cosmology with viscous generalized Chaplygin gas in gravity
We use the hybrid model of bulk viscosity and generalized chaplygin gas
(GCG), named the viscous generalized chaplygin gas (VGCG) model, which is
thought to be an alternate dark fluid of the universe. We explore the dynamics
of the VGCG model in the framework of the non-metricity gravity using
the functional form , where and are arbitrary
constants. For the purpose of constraining model parameters, we use recent
observational datasets such as Observational Hubble data, Baryon Acoustic
Oscillations, and Type supernovae data. According to our study, the
evolution of the deceleration parameter and the equation of state (EoS)
parameter show a transition from deceleration to an acceleration phase and
its deviation from the CDM model.Comment: Annals of Physics published versio
Dark energy constraint on equation of state parameter in the Weyl type gravity
The equation of state parameter is a significant method for characterizing
dark energy models. We investigate the evolution of the equation of state
parameter with redshift using a Bayesian analysis of recent observational
datasets (the Cosmic Chronometer data (CC) and Pantheon samples). The
Chevallier-Polarski-Linder parametrization of the effective equation of state
parameter, , where
and are free constants, is confined to the Weyl type
gravity, where represents the non-metricity and is the trace
of the energy-momentum tensor. We observe the evolution of the deceleration
parameter , the density parameter , the pressure , and the
effective equation of state parameter . The cosmic data limit for
does not exclude the possibility of . It is seen that the
parameter shows a transition from deceleration to acceleration, as
well as a shift from to .Comment: Annals of Physics accepted versio
Role of Protein Kinase C in Diabetic Complications
Diabetes is the most common and systemic disorder associated with hyperglycemia which is the significant factor in the development of micro- and macrovascular changes. Many mechanistic approaches i.e. activation of Protein kinase C, glycation end products production, hexosamine pathway and polyol pathway induce cellular damage and lead to the development of diabetic complications like nephropathy, neuropathy, retinopathy, and myopathy. One of the adverse effects of long-lasting hyperglycemia is activation of PKC (intracellular signaling enzyme) and has become a field of great research interest. Hence, in this review special emphasis is placed on microvascular complications which are due to activation of PKC. Clinical trials have also been conducted using selective PKC inhibitors and have shown positive results against hyperglycemia
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