3,023 research outputs found
The Impulsive Phase in Solar Flares: Recent Multi-wavelength Results and their Implications for Microwave Modeling and Observations
This short paper reviews several recent key observations of the processes
occurring in the lower atmosphere (chromosphere and photosphere) during flares.
These are: evidence for compact and fragmentary structure in the flare
chromosphere, the conditions in optical flare footpoints, step-like variations
in the magnetic field during the flare impulsive phase, and hot, dense
'chromospheric' footpoints. The implications of these observations for
microwaves are also discussed.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures, presented at 'Solar Physics with Radio
Observations' Symposium, November 2012, Nagoya, Japa
Neutrino mixing in a left-right model
We study the mixing among different generations of massive neutrino fields in
a
gauge theory which includes Majorana
and Dirac mass terms in the Yukawa sector. Parity can be spontaneously broken
at a scale GeV. We discuss about possible candidates for
the Yukawa coupling matrices and we found that the model can accommodate a
consistent pattern for neutral fermion masses as well as neutrino oscillations.
The left and right sectors can be connected by a new neutral current.Comment: 9 page
Flare parameters inferred from a 3D loop model database
We developed a data base of pre-calculated flare images and spectra exploring a set of parameters which describe the physical characteristics of coronal loops and accelerated electron distribution. Due to the large number of parameters involved in describing the geometry and the flaring atmosphere in the model used, we built a large data base of models (βΌ250β000) to facilitate the flare analysis. The geometry and characteristics of non-thermal electrons are defined on a discrete grid with spatial resolution greater than 4 arcsec. The data base was constructed based on general properties of known solar flares and convolved with instrumental resolution to replicate the observations from the Nobeyama radio polarimeter spectra and Nobeyama radioheliograph (NoRH) brightness maps. Observed spectra and brightness distribution maps are easily compared with the modelled spectra and images in the data base, indicating a possible range of solutions. The parameter search efficiency in this finite data base is discussed. 8 out of 10 parameters analysed for 1000 simulated flare searches were recovered with a relative error of less than 20 per cent on average. In addition, from the analysis of the observed correlation between NoRH flare sizes and intensities at 17 GHz, some statistical properties were derived. From these statistics, the energy spectral index was found to be Ξ΄ βΌ 3, with non-thermal electron densities showing a peak distribution βͺ
107βcmβ3, and Bphotosphere βͺ 2000βG. Some bias for larger loops with heights as great as βΌ2.6 Γ 109βcm, and looptop events were noted. An excellent match of the spectrum and the brightness distribution at 17 and 34 GHz of the 2002 May 31 flare is presented as well
Fermion masses in a model for spontaneous parity breaking
In this paper we discuss a left-right symmetric model for elementary
particles and their connection with the mass spectrum of elementary fermions.
The model is based on the group . New
mirror fermions and a minimal set of Higgs particles that breaks the symmetry
down to are proposed. The model can accommodate a consistent
pattern for charged and neutral fermion masses as well as neutrino
oscillations. An important consequence of the model is that the connection
between the left and right sectors can be done by the neutral vector gauge
bosons Z and a new heavy Z'.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures. Accepted in Eur. Phys. J.
On the use of semi-distributed and fully-distributed urban stormwater models
Urban stormwater models comprise four main components: rainfall, rainfall-runoff, overland flow and sewer flow modules. They can be considered semi-distributed (SD) or fully distributed (FD) according to the rainfall-runoff module definition. SD models are based on sub-catchments units through which rainfall is applied to the model and at which runoff volumes are estimated. In FD models, the runoff volumes are estimated and applied directly on every element of a twodimensional (2D) model of the surface. This poster presents a comparison of SD and FD models based on two case studies: Zona Central catchment at Coimbra, Portugal, and Cranbrook catchment at London, UK. SD and FD modelling results are compared against water depth and flow records in sewers, and photographic records of a flood event. In general, FD models are theoretically more realistic and physically-based, but the results of this study suggest that the implementation of these models requires higher resolution (more detailed) elevation, land use and sewer network data than is normally used in the implementation of SD models. Failing to use higher resolution data for the implementation of FD models could result in poor-performing models. In cases when high resolution data are not available, the use of SD models could be a better choice
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