4 research outputs found
Nurses\u27 Knowledge and Attitudes towards Victims of Sexual Trafficking
Florida ranks fourth in the United States in reports of human trafficking. Human trafficking is the second largest international criminal industry in the world. Globally, 80% of all transnational victims are women and girls, and half of all trafficked victims are children. Approximately $32 billion are generated annually from this global trade. The public health consequences include physical, sexual, and psychological trauma, as well as addiction and violence. Healthcare providers represent part of a safety net of professionals who may have the ability and access for identifying and assisting victims of trafficking. This study was investigated Florida nurses’ knowledge of sex trafficking and attitudes toward victims of sex trafficking. The study sample included 74 Florida nurses. Overall, participants reported high self-efficacy for identification and treatment of sex trafficking victims, but lower factual knowledge about trafficking. Attitude scores in this sample also suggest a moderate level of negative bias toward victims of trafficking. Nurses need increased knowledge of sex trafficking, including knowledge of policies. Cultural competence training may also help to address biases held by healthcare professionals
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90 DAYS: An investigation of a short entertainment-education film to improve HIV status disclosure among black women living with HIV in Miami-Dade County
Within Miami-Dade County, Black women experience disproportionate rates of HIV incidence and prevalence. Status disclosure to sexual partners is central to mitigating the HIV epidemic and ensuring a healthier lifestyle for those living with the virus. The disclosure processes model (DPM) posits that barriers such as stigma and negative outcome expectations often facilitate disclosure avoidance. Therefore, this study investigated the utility and acceptability of an entertainment-education (EE) short film, 90 DAYS, for disclosure among Black women living with HIV in Miami-Dade County. Employing photo-elicitation (Harper, 2002), focus groups were conducted with 48 participants. After screening the 90 DAYS film about stigma and disclosure, participants were asked semi-structured questions based upon extant EE and DPM literature. Via inductive and deductive processes, five themes were derived from the data. Participants found the 90 DAYS film to be an empowering counter-narrative that could be used to overcome multiple disclosure-related factors. They felt it provided a social script for how to disclose to their sexual partners. A novel finding of this investigation was that respondents asserted the film could facilitate safer disclosure events. Additional themes included the film being a resource of hope for young and newly diagnosed women; and an educational tool for the community. Altogether, findings lend promise to the use of EE for addressing disclosure avoidance among Black women living with HIV.
•Entertainment-education is an acceptable tool for addressing serostatus disclosure.•Participants saw the 90 DAYS film as useful to assess safety of a disclosure event.•Participants perceived the film can influence key disclosure communication skills.•Entertainment-education may be useful for addressing disclosure antecedents
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When guilt works: a comprehensive meta-analysis of guilt appeals
Introduction Guilt appeals are widely used as a persuasive approach in various areas of practice. However, the strength and direction of the persuasive effects of guilt appeals are mixed, which could be influenced by theoretical and methodological factors. Method The present study is a comprehensive meta-analysis of 26 studies using a random-effects model to assess the persuasive effects of guilt appeals. In total, 127 effect sizes from seven types of persuasive outcomes (i.e., guilt, attitude, behavior, behavioral intention, non-guilt emotions, motivation, and cognition) were calculated based on 7,512 participants. Results The analysis showed a small effect size of guilt appeals [ g = 0.19, 95% CI (0.10, 0.28)]. The effect of guilt appeals was moderated by the theoretical factors related to appraisal and coping of guilt arousal, including attributed responsibility, controllability and stability of the causal factors, the proximity of perceiver-victim relationship, recommendation of reparative behaviors, and different outcome types. The effect was also associated with methods used in different studies. Discussion Overall, the findings demonstrated the persuasive effects of guilt appeals, but theoretical and methodological factors should be considered in the design and testing of guilt appeals. We also discussed the practical implications of the findings