ALTERNATIF INDEKS GIZI SEIMBANG UNTUK PENILAIAN MUTU GIZI KONSUMSI PANGAN WANITA DEWASA INDONESIA

The objective of this study was to develop a balanced diet index (BDI) in relation to nutritional quality of the diet (NQ) in Indonesian adult females. This study used food consumption data from the Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) of 2010. The food consumption data were collected using 24-h food recall method through a cross-sectional study. Total subject of this study was 61,759 adult females19—55 years. The NQ of 16 nutrients was used as a gold standard in the validity testing. The results showed that the simplest and the most valid measurement was BDI3-60 (correlation coefficients with the NQ=0.7) which was based on three levels of scoring system (0, 5, and 10) and six food groups (carbohydrate food sources, animal protein food, plant protein food, vegetable, fruit, and milk), without considering fat, saturated fat, cholesterol, and sodium. The mean score of BDI3-60 was 31.0±12.1.

Seleksi Ketahanan Klon-Klon Harapan Gladiol Terhadap Fusarium Oxysporum F. SP. Gladi Oli

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan klon harapan gladiol yang tahan terhadap layu fusarium.Rancangan yang digunakan adalah acak kelompok pola faktorial. Faktor (1) klon-klon harapan gladiol, terdiri dari96212/168; 96210.2/20; 96215/49; 96203.2/14; 9607.2/129; 96215/202; 96215/122; 96204/69; 96213/109;96210.1/170; hol land merah; dan 621-1. Faktor (2) kerapatan inokulum F. oxysporum, terdiri dari 0 sel konidia/gtanah; 104 sel konidia/g tanah; 108 sel konidia/g tanah. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa gladiol dengan nomorklon 96215/49; 623-1 dan 96213/109 merupakan klon harapan gladiol yang pal ing tahan terhadap layu F. oxysporumf. sp. dan klon 9612/168 merupakan klon yang pal ing rentan. Re sponse of glad i o lus prom -is ing clones to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. glad i oli. The aim of the ex per i ment was to ex am ine the re sis tance of glad i -o lus clones to fusarium wilt. Fac to rial randomized block de sign was used in the ex per i ment. The first fac tor wasglad i o lus prom is ing clones, con sist of 96212/168; 96210.2/20; 96215/49; 96203.2/14; 9607.2/129; 96215/202;96215/122; 96204/69; 96213/109; 96210.1/170; hol land merah; 621-1. The sec ond fac tor was den sity of inoculum F.oxysporum, con sist of nill conidia/g soil; 104 cells conidia/g soil; and 108 cells conidia/g soil. The re sults showed thatthe glad i o lus clone num ber 96215/49; 623-1 and 96213/109 were the most re sis tant to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp.glad i oli and clone num ber 9612/168 was the most susceptible

Seleksi Ketahanan Klon-Klon Harapan Gladiol terhadap Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. gladi oli

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan klon harapan gladiol yang tahan terhadap layu fusarium.Rancangan yang digunakan adalah acak kelompok pola faktorial. Faktor (1) klon-klon harapan gladiol, terdiri dari96212/168; 96210.2/20; 96215/49; 96203.2/14; 9607.2/129; 96215/202; 96215/122; 96204/69; 96213/109;96210.1/170; hol land merah; dan 621-1. Faktor (2) kerapatan inokulum F. oxysporum, terdiri dari 0 sel konidia/gtanah; 104 sel konidia/g tanah; 108 sel konidia/g tanah. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa gladiol dengan nomorklon 96215/49; 623-1 dan 96213/109 merupakan klon harapan gladiol yang pal ing tahan terhadap layu F. oxysporumf. sp. dan klon 9612/168 merupakan klon yang pal ing rentan. Re sponse of glad i o lus prom -is ing clones to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. glad i oli. The aim of the ex per i ment was to ex am ine the re sis tance of glad i -o lus clones to fusarium wilt. Fac to rial randomized block de sign was used in the ex per i ment. The first fac tor wasglad i o lus prom is ing clones, con sist of 96212/168; 96210.2/20; 96215/49; 96203.2/14; 9607.2/129; 96215/202;96215/122; 96204/69; 96213/109; 96210.1/170; hol land merah; 621-1. The sec ond fac tor was den sity of inoculum F.oxysporum, con sist of nill conidia/g soil; 104 cells conidia/g soil; and 108 cells conidia/g soil. The re sults showed thatthe glad i o lus clone num ber 96215/49; 623-1 and 96213/109 were the most re sis tant to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp.glad i oli and clone num ber 9612/168 was the most susceptible

The Role of Bay Leaf Extract in Reducing Liver Inflammation in Mice (Mus Musculus) Induced by Potassium Oxonate

Hyperuricemia is characterized by elevated uric acid levels in the blood, often stemming from increased uric acid production or inadequate uric acid excretion, resulting in levels exceeding 7 mg/dL. If left unmanaged, this condition can lead to gout arthritis. Elevated serum uric acid levels have also been linked to liver damage, as evidenced by findings in patients diagnosed with Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), showing increased serum uric acid levels associated with liver damage. This study investigates the potential role of bay leaf extract in reducing liver inflammation related to uric acid metabolism. This study employed a true experimental approach with a post-test control group design, utilizing 8-week-old Mus musculus as experimental animals. The groups were divided as follows: Group 1 (control), Group 2 (Potassium oxonate-PO), Group 3 (PO with administration of bay leaf extract at 75mg/kg body weight), Group 4 (PO with administration of bay leaf extract at 150mg/kg body weight), and Group 5 (PO with administration of bay leaf extract at 300mg/kg body weight). Histological examination of the liver in the PO administration group revealed cell infiltration compared to the control group. However, a significant reduction in damaged hepatocyte cells was observed by administering bay leaf extract in PO+EDS-1, PO+EDS-2, and PO+EDS-3 groups (P<0.05). Bay leaf extract demonstrates hepatoprotective effects in hyperuricemia induced by potassium oxonate

An aphasia research agenda - a consensus statement from the collaboration of aphasia trialists.

Coordination of international aphasia research would minimise duplication of effort, support synergistic international activities across languages and multidisciplinary perspectives, and promote high-quality conduct and reporting of aphasia research, thereby increasing the relevance, transparency, and implementation of findings. The Collaboration of Aphasia Trialists (CATs) sought to develop an aphasia research agenda to direct future research activities, based on priorities shared by people with aphasia, family members, and healthcare professionals. Our established international research network spanning 33 countries contributed to this activity. Research literature reporting the priorities of stakeholders was reviewed and synthesised (phase 1). Representatives from Working Groups on Aphasia Assessment & Outcomes, Prognosis & Predictors of Recovery, Effectiveness of Interventions, and Societal Impact & Reintegration participated in a two-day research agenda setting meeting. The CATs expert panel refined research objectives and identified constituent components of research and methodological developments required to address these research components. The objectives and research components were grouped into overarching themes (phase 2). The resultant list was then circulated to more than 180 CATs members for review, revision, and approval. Consensus on the final aphasia research agenda and road-map was reached by CATs executive committee (phase 3). The expert panel identified five overarching research themes: (i) evidence-based interventions for people with aphasia, (ii) effective interventions to support those communicating with people with aphasia, (iii) cross-linguistic assessment and core outcomes for aphasia research, (iv) predictors of language recovery, and (v) clinical implementation of research findings. Within these broad themes, 30 research objectives and 91 individual aphasia research components were identified and sequentially ordered. This agenda builds on research priorities identified by people with aphasia and their families, and includes priorities of healthcare professionals and researchers, and will support the rehabilitation and recovery of people with aphasia. Our internationally relevant research agenda promotes rigour in methodology, considers international applicability, synergistic activities, and sharing of resources and expertise

ALTERNATIF INDEKS GIZI SEIMBANG UNTUK PENILAIAN MUTU GIZI KONSUMSI PANGAN WANITA DEWASA INDONESIA

ABSTRACTThe objective of this study was to develop a balanced diet index (BDI) in relation to nutritional quality of the diet (NQ) in Indonesian adult females. This study used food consumption data from the Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) of 2010. The food consumption data were collected using 24-h food recall method through a cross-sectional study. Total subject of this study was 61,759 adult females19—55 years. The NQ of 16 nutrients was used as a gold standard in the validity testing. The results showed that the simplest and the most valid measurement was BDI3-60 (correlation coefficients with the NQ=0.7) which was based on three levels of scoring system (0, 5, and 10) and six food groups (carbohydrate food sources, animal protein food, plant protein food, vegetable, fruit, and milk), without considering fat, saturated fat, cholesterol, and sodium. The mean score of BDI3-60 was 31.0±12.1.Keywords: adult females, balanced diet index, nutritional qualityABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan indeks gizi seimbang (IGS) sebagai pendekatan untuk menilai mutu gizi pangan (MGP) bagi wanita dewasa Indonesia berdasarkan data Riskesdas 2010. Penelitian ini menggunakan data konsumsi pangan hasil Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) 2010. Pengumpulan data konsumsi pangan menggunakan metode food recall 1x24 jam dengan desain studi cross-sectional. Studi ini menggunakan 61 759 orang subjek wanita dewasa berusia 19—55 tahun. MGP dari 16 zat gizi digunakan sebagai standar dalam pengujian validitas IGS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa IGS3-60 adalah indeks gizi seimbang yang paling valid dan sederhana (korelasi koefisien dengan MGP sebesar 0.7) yang dikembangkan berdasarkan tiga tingkat skor (nol, lima, dan 10) dan enam kelompok pangan (pangan karbohidrat, protein hewani, kacang-kacangan, sayur, buah, dan susu), tanpa mempertimbangkan lemak total, lemak jenuh, kolesterol, gula tambahan, dan natrium. Skor rata-rata IGS3-60 pada wanita dewasa adalah 31.0±12.1.Kata kunci: indeks gizi seimbang, mutu gizi pangan, wanita dewasa</p

TRPM4 inhibition by meclofenamate suppresses Ca2+-dependent triggered arrhythmias

Aims: Cardiac arrhythmias are a major factor in the occurrence of morbidity and sudden death in patients with cardiovascular disease. Disturbances of Ca2+ homeostasis in the heart contribute to the initiation and maintenance of cardiac arrhythmias. Extrasystolic increases in intracellular Ca2+ lead to delayed afterdepolarizations and triggered activity, which can result in heart rhythm abnormalities. It is being suggested that the Ca2+-activated nonselective cation channel TRPM4 is involved in the aetiology of triggered activity, but the exact contribution and in vivo significance are still unclear. Methods and results: In vitro electrophysiological and calcium imaging technique as well as in vivo intracardiac and telemetric electrocardiogram measurements in physiological and pathophysiological conditions were performed. In two distinct Ca2+-dependent proarrhythmic models, freely moving Trpm4-/- mice displayed a reduced burden of cardiac arrhythmias. Looking further into the specific contribution of TRPM4 to the cellular mechanism of arrhythmias, TRPM4 was found to contribute to a long-lasting Ca2+ overload-induced background current, thereby regulating cell excitability in Ca2+ overload conditions. To expand these results, a compound screening revealed meclofenamate as a potent antagonist of TRPM4. In line with the findings from Trpm4-/- mice, 10 µM meclofenamate inhibited the Ca2+ overload-induced background current in ventricular cardiomyocytes and 15 mg/kg meclofenamate suppressed catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia-associated arrhythmias in a TRPM4-dependent manner. Conclusion: The presented data establish that TRPM4 represents a novel target in the prevention and treatment of Ca2+-dependent triggered arrhythmias

Factorial analysis of the influence of dissolution medium on drug release from carrageenan-diltiazem complexes

This research studied the influence of buffer composition, pH, and ionic strength on the release of diltiazem hydrochloride from a complex of the drug with lambda carrageenan. Two viscosity grades of carrageenan were also compared. A factorial analysis was used to evaluate the influence of individual variables and their interactions. Both the complex solubility, measured as the drug concentration in equilibrium with the solid complex, and the drug release rate from constant surface area were considered. The increase of ionic strength significantly increased complex solubility in all the buffer systems. A significant effect of polymer grade on complex solubility was evidenced only in phosphate buffer with a pH of 6.8, indicating lower solubility of the complex when higher polymer molecular weight was involved. In most cases, drug release rate decreased when high polymer grade was involved in the complex. Ionic strength did not always have a significant effect on drug release rate and was quantitatively less important than for solubility lonic strength especially affected the drug release profiles. At higher ionic strength drug release was no longer constant, but decreased with time, probably because of lower polymer solubility

Patients co-infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus recover genotype cross-reactive neutralising antibodies to HCV during antiretroviral therapy

When severely immunodeficient HIV/HCV co-infected patients are treated with antiretroviral therapy, it is important to know whether HCV-specific antibody responses recover and whether antibody profiles predict the occurrence of HCV-associated immune restoration disease (IRD). In 50 HIV/HCV co-infected patients, we found that antibody reactivity and titres of neutralising antibodies (nAb) to JFH-1 (HCV genotype 2a virus) increased over 48 weeks of therapy. Development of HCV IRD was associated with elevated reactivity to JFH-1 before and during the first 12 weeks of therapy. Individual analyses of HCV IRD and non-HCV IRD patients revealed a lack of an association between nAb responses and HCV viral loads. These results showed that increased HCV-specific antibody levels during therapy were associated with CD4+ T-cell recovery. Whilst genotype cross-reactive antibody responses may identify co-infected patients at risk of developing HCV IRD, neutralising antibodies to JFH-1 were not involved in suppression of HCV replication during therapy