Índices de crescimento em capim-paraíso sob diferentes idades durante três ciclos de crescimento no litoral cearense.

Resumo: As forrageiras apresentam variação ao longo do seu crescimento, em razão de variação na idade fisiológica e das condições de meio e manejo. Objetivou-se avaliar os índices de crescimento em capim-paraíso em diferentes idades de crescimento (14; 21; 28; 35; 42; 49; 56; 63 e 70 dias) e durante três ciclos (chuvoso, seco 1 e seco 2), num delineamento inteiramente casualizado com medidas repetidas no tempo e duas repetições. Avaliaram-se a taxa de crescimento relativo (TCR), a razão de área foliar (RAF), a razão de peso foliar (RPF) e a área foliar específica (AFE). A interação entre idades de crescimento e ciclos foi significativa para todas as variáveis analisadas, exceto para a AFE. A TCR decresceu com as idades em ambos os ciclos, exceto no ciclo seco 2, com média de 0,0512 g?g-1?dia-1. A RAF e a RPF decresceram com o avanço nas idades. A AFE respondeu positivamente às idades. As idades de crescimento influenciam a dinâmica dos componentes morfofisiológicos do capim-paraíso. [Growth index in paraiso grass under different ages during three growth cycles in coastal Ceara]. Abstract: The forage plants show variation along their growth due to changes in physiological age, environment and management conditions. One aimed to analyze the growth index of paraiso grass, in different growth ages (14; 21; 28; 35; 42; 49; 56; 63 e 70 days) and cycles (rainy, dry 1 and dry 2). A completely randomized design in a split-plot layout with repeated measures and two replicates was adopetd. The relative growth rate (RGR), the leaf area ratio (LAR), the leaf weight ratio (LWR) and the specific leaf area (SLA) were evaluated. An interaction between growth ages and cycles was observed for all variable analyzed, except for SLA. The RGR showed a linear decreased effect in the cycles, except in dry 2 cycles, with an average of 0,0512 g?g-1?day-1. The LAR and LWR decreased along the ages. The SLA presented positive linear effect. The different growth ages influenced the morphofisiological components in paraiso grass

Estudo comparativo entre métodos de contrôle quantitativo da produção leiteira

This paper deals with the estimation of milk production by means of weekly, biweekly, bimonthly observations and also by method known as 6-5-8, where one observation is taken at the 6th week of lactation, another at 5th month and a third one at the 8th month. The data studied were obtained from 72 lactations of the Holstein Friesian breed of the "Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz" (Piracicaba), S. Paulo, Brazil), being 6 calvings on each month of year and also 12 first calvings, 12 second calvings, and so on, up to the sixth. The authors criticize the use of "maximum error" to be found in papers dealing with this subject, and also the use of mean deviation. The former is completely supersed and unadvisable and latter, although equivalent, to a certain extent, to the usual standard deviation, has only 87,6% of its efficiency, according to KENDALL (9, pp. 130-131, 10, pp. 6-7). The data obtained were compared with the actual production, obtained by daily control and the deviations observed were studied. Their means and standard deviations are given on the table IV. Inspite of BOX's recent results (11) showing that with equal numbers in all classes a certain inequality of varinces is not important, the autors separated the methods, before carrying out the analysis of variance, thus avoiding to put together methods with too different standard deviations. We compared the three first methods, to begin with (Table VI). Then we carried out the analysis with the four first methods. (Table VII). Finally we compared the two last methods. (Table VIII). These analysis of variance compare the arithmetic means of the deviations by the methods studied, and this is equivalent to compare their biases. So we conclude tht season of calving and order of calving do not effect the biases, and the methods themselves do not differ from this view point, with the exception of method 6-5-8. Another method of attack, maybe preferrable, would be to compare the estimates of the biases with their expected mean under the null hypothesis (zero) by the t-test. We have: 1) Weekley control: t = x - 0/c(x) = 8,59 - 0/ = 1,56 2) Biweekly control: t = 11,20 - 0/6,21= 1,80 3) Monthly control: t = 7,17 - 0/9,48 = 0,76 4) Bimonthly control: t = - 4,66 - 0/17,56 = -0,26 5) Method 6-5-8 t = 144,89 - 0/22,41 = 6,46*** We denote above by three asterisks, significance the 0,1% level of probability. In this way we should conclude that the weekly, biweekly, monthly and bimonthly methods of control may be assumed to be unbiased. The 6-5-8 method is proved to be positively biased, and here the bias equals 5,9% of the mean milk production. The precision of the methods studied may be judged by their standard deviations, or by intervals covering, with a certain probability (95% for example), the deviation x corresponding to an estimate obtained by cne of the methods studied. Since the difference x - x, where x is the mean of the 72 deviations obtained for each method, has a t distribution with mean zero and estimate of standard deviation. s(x - x) = √1+ 1/72 . s = 1.007. s , and the limit of t for the 5% probability, level with 71 degrees of freedom is 1.99, then the interval to be considered is given by x ± 1.99 x 1.007 s = x ± 2.00. s The intervals thus calculated are given on the table IX

Identificação e caracterização dos principais solos do município de Coruripe, Alagoas.

RESUMO: A caracterização do solo é fundamental para avaliar o seu comportamento sob diferentes usos. O estudo de solos tem como objetivo subsidiar o planejamento agroambiental do município. Coruripe localiza-se na Mesorregião do Leste Alagoano e tem como atividade o cultivo de cana-de-açúcar. Foram mapeadas as classes Latossolo, Argissolo, Espodossolo, Gleissolo, Neossolo Quartzarênico, Organossolo e solos de mangue. Nas unidades de mapeamento LAd (Latossolos) e PAd (Argissolos Amarelos), os solos ocorrem em relevo plano e suave ondulado, são profundos e apresentam baixa fertilidade. Corrigindo a fertilidade, esses ambientes podem se tornar mais produtivos. A unidade PACd (Argissolo Acinzentado) apresenta fertilidade muito baixa, pouca retenção de umidade e drenagem deficiente. Portanto, é um ambiente com baixo potencial agrícola. Na unidade PVAd, os Argissolos Vermelho-Amarelos apresentam relevo forte ondulado, alto risco de erosão e devem ser destinados à preservação. Fazendo-se a drenagem e corrigindo-se a fertilidade, a unidade GXd (Gleissolo) torna-se um ambiente com alto potencial para produção de hortaliças, cana-de-açúcar e pastagens. As unidades ESKo (Espodossolo), OJs (Organossolo) e SM (Solos de Mangue) apresentam baixa fertilidade, drenagem deficiente e baixo potencial agrícola

Termómetros Clínicos

Na prática clínica, várias decisões relacionadas com o diagnóstico e tratamento resultam da análise dos valores da temperatura corporal, sendo a medição deste parâmetro habitualmente realizada com instrumentos de medição, designados por termómetros clínicos. A correta medição da temperatura corporal assume relevância na prática diária dos cuidados de saúde, sendo um parâmetro regularmente avaliado no diagnóstico e monitorização do estado de saúde de um indivíduo.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Prevention and control of Chagas Disease : an overview

Chagas disease is the main cause of heart failure and sudden death in the Western Hemisphere. The literature of the last decades reported on the changing epidemiological profiles of Chagas disease, which now threats the human population in the cities. The exodus of the Latin America people to the Northern Hemisphere explains the growing concern in countries where the transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi was accidental or transferred from a mother to her offspring. Herein, we present the evidence of the possible acquisition of the T. cruzi infection by sex. The staggering demonstration of the transmission of the T. cruzi infections from males and females to naïve mates by intercourse introduces substantial changes in the surveillance of the Chagas disease. Notably, the sexual transmission of the T. cruzi introduces changes in the concepts of medical care, prevention and control; specifically, the risk for the vertical transfer of the parasiteinduced kDNA mutations, underpinning the genetically driven autoimmunity, inheritance, and pathogenesis associated with multifaceted clinical manifestations of Chagas disease with high ratios of morbidity and mortality. In this regard, the endemics require much paradigm research with new approaches and innovation technologies, aiming at its control. For example, the recent knowledge anticipates useful measures for preventing the potential forthcoming pandemic Chagas parasites. A long-lasting multicenter research program is needed for creative, drug discovery for curtailment of Chagas disease. Meanwhile, the prevention shall rely on the education, information, and communication program for health

Smart asphalt mixtures: a bibliometric analysis of the research trends

A smart asphalt mixture holds new capabilities different from the original ones or can react to a stimulus. These capabilities can be categorized based on smartness or function: smartness, mechanical, electrical, optical, energy harvesting, electromagnetic wave/radiation shielding/absorbing, and water related. The most important capabilities applied to asphalt mixtures are the photocatalytic, self-cleaning, self-healing, superhydrophobic, thermochromic, deicing/anti-icing, and latent heat thermal energy storage abilities. This research deals with a bibliometric review of the peer-reviewed journal articles published on the Scopus database, with the strings of terms related to these capabilities and asphalt or bitum in their titles, abstracts, and keywords. The review analysis highlighted the increasing number of accumulated publications, confirming the relevance of this research topic in recent years. The capability most often referred to was self-healing. The study showed that China was the most productive country. Research articles were mostly published in the journal Construction and Building Materials. Several techniques and methods are being developed regarding smart asphalt mixtures; for that reason, this research work aims to evaluate the literature under a bibliometric analysis.This research was funded by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT), NanoAir PTDC/FIS-MAC/6606/2020, MicroCoolPav EXPL/EQU-EQU/1110/2021, UIDB/04650/2020, and UIDB/04029/2020. This research was also supported by the doctoral grant 2023.02795.BD, funded by FCT, as well as and bydoctoral grant PRT/BD/154269/2022 financed by the FCT and with funds from POR Norte-Portugal 2020 and State Budget, under MIT Portugal Program. The first author would like to acknowledge the FCT for funding (2022.00763.CEECIND)

Comfort from the perspective of families of people hospitalized in the intensive care unit

This study aimed at understanding the meaning of comfort to the families of people in intensive care units. It consists of a qualitative study carried out in the intensive care unit of a hospital in Salvador-Bahia. Fourteen family members were interviewed. The authors utilized the theoretical principles of symbolic interactionism and the technique of qualitative data analysis. Results indicated that the categories Safety, Receptiveness, Information, Proximity, Social and Spiritual Support, Convenience and Integration expressed the meaning of comfort, which was comprised of reliability in terms of technical-scientific competence and a supportive and sensitive attitude of the team, chance of recovery, access to information and the opportunity to be close to the patient, support of people in their social life, spiritual sources and the environmental structure of the hospital, preservation of self-care and routine activities. It was concluded that the family is important as objects and subjects of the actions in healthcare and must be the focus in public health policies and programs in Brazil