Consumption and happiness : effects of informational value and payment method

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Psicologia, Departamento de Psicologia Social e do Trabalho, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia Social, do Trabalho e das Organizações, 2015.O que vestir, em qual restaurante almoçar, qual filme assistir ou para onde viajar nas férias descrevem típicos processos de decisão no consumo de produtos e serviços. Essas escolhas incluem aspectos econômicos e materiais (valor utilitário), assim como hedonômicos e de troca social (valor informativo), mas também são caracterizadas por consequências ambíguas: o prazer resultante do consumo é acompanhado pela aversão em ter que ceder parte da renda pessoal para realizar o pagamento. Uma das principais formas de minimizar essa aversão é o uso do crédito, pois permite que as pessoas atrasem ou parcelem pagamentos, maximizando também o prazer no momento da compra. Mas quais são os efeitos das formas de pagamentos à vista e parcelado e do valor informativo dos bens sobre o comportamento de consumo? Quais os elementos da situação de consumo que permitem ao consumidor obter maiores níveis de felicidade com a compra? Adotando uma perspectiva de método misto (a chamada estratégia incorporada concomitante), esta dissertação na forma de artigo procurou responder a essas perguntas em dois estudos, com a produção e análise de dados em diferentes níveis. O Estudo 1, um survey online de caráter quantitativo, teve como objetivo testar o efeito do valor informativo e da forma de pagamento dos produtos sobre a intenção de compra, a previsão de felicidade e o montante que consumidores (n = 312) se dispõem a pagar. Foram elaborados cenários de consumo de quatro produtos com marcas de baixo e alto valor informativo. Os resultados revelaram que o valor informativo dos produtos exerceu maior controle sobre a tomada de decisão dos consumidores do que as variáveis econômicas. O Estudo 2, um diário online de caráter qualitativo com duração de cinco dias, teve como objetivo descrever alguns elementos presentes nas situações que os consumidores (n = 59) julgam serem compras felizes, ou seja, com características hedônicas. Os resultados mostraram que as compras mais felizes não são necessariamente as mais caras, que os consumidores estavam acompanhados na maioria delas (principalmente pela família) e que os elementos mais proximais da contingência de compra, o desconto e o alto valor do bem foram as justificativas de escolha de pagamento de maior frequência. Além das implicações metodológicas de estudo de método misto, que é escassa na área, o trabalho também contribui com insumos para as ações educativas e de regulamentação de comportamentos de consumo no Brasil.What should I dress, where should I have lunch, which movie should I watch and where should I travel to, are typical decision processes when consuming products and services. These choices include economic and material (utilitarian value), as well as hedonomic and socially aspects (informative value), but are also characterized by ambiguity: the pleasure of consuming is followed by the aversive consequences of ceding part of the personal income to make a payment. One of the main ways to minimize this aversion is credit use, because it allows consumers to postpone or pay by installments, which also maximizes present good feelings. But what are the effects of prompt or credit card payments, and the informative value of goods on consumer behavior? Which variables in the consumption situation allows the consumer to be happier? By adopting a mixed-method perspective (the so called concurrent procedure), this thesis took the form of an article to answer these questions in two studies, including the production and analysis of data in different levels. In Study 1, an online survey (quantitative) tested the effects of the informative value and payment method on buying intention, emotional forecast and total amount consumers (n = 312) are willing to pay. Scenarios were developed with four products of low and high informative value. Results showed that informative value exerted more control on decision making than economic variables. In Study 2, an online fiveday diary (qualitative), allowed for the description of situations that consumers (n = 59) judged as happy purchases, thus with hedonic characteristics. Results showed that the happiest experiences were not necessarily the most expensive ones, that consumers were accompanied (typically by their families), and that proximal elements of the purchase contingencies, discounts, and high values were more used to justify their payment method. Along with some methodological implications of using a mixed-method design, which is relatively scarce in the area, this research also contributes with inputs for the educational and regulatory actions of consumer behavior in Brazil

Mobility styles and car sharing use in Europe: attitudes, behaviours, motives and sustainability

Abstract What are the profiles of both users and non-users of car sharing in European cities regarding their travel patterns and psychological aspects? Two subsamples (1519 users and 3695 non-users of car sharing) participated in a survey, translated into seven languages, with 36 questions regarding attitudes towards car sharing, the environment, political orientation, personal norms, frequency of use of different transport modes and transport mode choice for different travel purposes. Through a hierarchical cluster analysis, five distinct mobility styles were identified, with no a priori restriction of the number of clusters. The mobility styles were further characterised by sociodemographic variables and by the motives for making use of car sharing. This paper discusses the implications of research based decision-making and urban planning in a way that guarantees long-term human and environmental security

Santé mentale et université

O presente texto tem como objetivo relatar a experiência de uma atividade de atendimento psicológico, para estudantes universitários, por meio da abordagem de psicoterapia breve, dentro de um projeto mais amplo que visa a construção de um espaço de atenção psicossocial. A experiência relatada aconteceu em uma universidade pública no Amazonas e se refere a um projeto de extensão que iniciou suas intervenções em outubro de 2018. Descrevem-se as características do projeto, pontuando as principais etapas de sua implementação, desde seu planejamento até a chegada da clientela, além das estratégias utilizadas durante todo percurso até os atendimentos. Concluiu-se que esta vivência do EPSICO destaca não só o lugar da psicologia em outros contextos, como amplia o debate sobre a atuação da psicologia e suas ferramentas e lugares de atuação na promoção à saúde mental.Este documento tiene como objetivo informar la experiencia de un servicio de atención psicológica para estudiantes universitarios a través del breve enfoque de psicoterapia. La experiencia informada se refiere a un proyecto de extensión que comenzó sus intervenciones en octubre de 2018, con una duración de proyección de dos años. Sucede en una universidad pública en la Amazonía. Las características del proyecto se describen señalando las principales quejas de los estudiantes y la estrategia psicoterapéutica utilizada en esta extensión. Se discute la experiencia como una posibilidad de saltar a la constitución de redes de atención de salud mental de estudiantes universitarios más amplios, con miras a promover la autonomía de los sujetos involucrados. Se considera que esta experiencia de EPSICO no solo destaca el lugar de la psicología en otros contextos sino que también amplía el debate sobre el desempeño de la psicología y sus herramientas y lugares de acción para promover la salud mental.This paper aims to report the experience of a psychological care service for university students through the brief psychotherapy approach. The reported experience refers to an extension project that began its interventions in October 2018, with a projection duration of two years. It happens at a public university in the Amazon. The characteristics of the project are described by pointing out the main complaints of the students and the psychotherapeutic strategy used in this extension. The experience is discussed as a possibility of leap to the constitution of mental health care networks of broader university students, with a view to promoting the autonomy of the subjects involved. It is considered that this experience of EPSICO not only highlights the place of psychology in other contexts but also broadens the debate about the performance of psychology and its tools and places of action in promoting mental health.Cet article a pour but de rendre compte de l’expérience d’un service de prise en charge psychologique pour les étudiants universitaires par le biais d’une approche de psychothérapie brève. L'expérience rapportée fait référence à un projet d'extension ayant débuté ses interventions en octobre 2018 avec une durée de projection de deux ans. Cela se passe dans une université publique amazonienne. Les caractéristiques du projet sont décrites en soulignant les principales plaintes des étudiants et la stratégie psychothérapeutique utilisée dans cette extension. L’expérience est discutée comme une possibilité de passer à la constitution de réseaux de soins de santé mentale d’étudiants universitaires plus larges, en vue de promouvoir l’autonomie des sujets concernés. On considère que cette expérience d'EPSICO met en évidence non seulement la place de la psychologie dans d'autres contextes, mais élargit également le débat sur les performances de la psychologie, ses outils et ses lieux d'action dans la promotion de la santé mental

I Congresso Ibero-Americano de Bibliotecas Escolares

Actas de la primera edición del I Congreso Iberoamericano de Bibliotecas Escolares, CIBES 2015, organizado por la Universidad Carlos III de Madrid (España), la Universidad Estatal Paulista (Brasil) y el Ayuntamiento de Getafe (España). Celebrado: 21 - 23 de octubre de 2015 en la Universidad Estatal Paulista (Marília) y 26 - 28 de octubre de 2015 en la Universidad Carlos III de Madrid (Getafe)Universidad Carlos III de Madrid (España)Universidad Estatal Paulista (Brasil)Ayuntamiento de Getafe (España)Dimensiones y visiones de la biblioteca escolar en una Educación por competencias: la necesidad de una política estratégica / Miguel Ángel Marzal. -- Getafe ciudad educadora, lectora y escritora: Bibliotecas escolares / Lourdes Muñoz Santiuste. -- Presente y futuro: biblioteca escolar-CREA y proyectos interdisciplinares / Rosa Piquín. -- Cultura en información: un reto esencial de la biblioteca escolar / Mónica Baró. -- Bibliotecas escolares de Galicia: un mundo de oportunidades a favor de la Educación / Cristina Novoa. -- 10 años de la Red de Bibliotecas Escolares de Extremadura (REBEX) / Casildo Macías Pereira. -- Biblioteca Escolar y uso ético de la información para una Cultura de Paz / Ana Barrero Tíscar. -- Dinamización de la Biblioteca Escolar Plumita durante el curso escolar 2014/15 / María Antonia Cano Cañada. -- Experiencia de la creación de una biblioteca escolar / Susana Santos Martín. -- Grupo cooperativo Bibliotecas escolares en Red-Albacete / José Manuel Garrido Argandoña y Eva Leal Scasso. -- La BCREA "Juan Leiva". El fomento de la lectura desde la web social / Andrés Pulido Villar. -- Proceso de implantación de una herramienta de autoevaluación en la red de bibliotecas escolares de Extremadura (REBEX) / Casildo Macías Pereira. -- La biblioteca escolar: abriendo fronteras / Lorena Verónica Cabrera Orellana. -- O programa RBE e a avaliaçao das bibliotecas escolares: melhoria, desenvolvimiento e innovaçao / Elsa Conde. -- Profesional de Biblioteconomía y Documentación: esencial en la plantilla de la escuela / Pilar del Campo Puerta. -- Una mirada activa al proceso educativo desde la biblioteca escolar / María Jesús Fontela Fernández . -- Con otra mirada "La ilustración como vehículo de comunicación y aprendizaje en las bibliotecas escolares" / Pablo Jurado Sánchez-Galán. -- Fingertips. Recriar a biblioteca escolar na sala de aula / Rui Alfonso Mateus. -- Hablemos de libros. Cómo transformar una clase de literatura en una comunidad de interpretación de textos / Francisco César Díaz Rey. -- Inclusión social de familias inmigrantes a través de un programa de aprendizaje de la lengua castellana / Ana Carmen Tolino Fernández-Henarejos. -- O desenvolvimento de atividades de mediação de leitura em biblioteca escolar: o caso da biblioteca da Escola Sesc de Ensino Médio / Vagner Amaro. -- La biblioteca escolar. Proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de padres a hijos / Ana Carmen Tolino Fernández- Henarejos. -- Leo con y para los demás / Ismael Fernández Fernández, Ana María Moreno Vicente y Ana Beatriz Vicente Pérez. -- Nanas y arrullo. Poesía a la deriva / Bernardo Fuentes Navarrete y Carlos García-Romeral Pérez. -- Gestión y evaluación de servicios bibliotecarios para personas con dislexia: una biblioteca escolar inclusiva desde una perspectiva internacional / Carmen Jorge García-Reyes. -- Sueños lectores compartidos hechos realidad: la biblioteca escolar del C.E.I.P-S.E.S-A.A “LA PAZ” de Albacete / Ana Rosa Cabañero Tobarra, Juan Manuel Herráez, Eva Leal Scasso, María Marín Sánchez, Ana Belén Medrano Martínez y María José Nortes Ruipérez. -- El programa biblioteca escuela en Civican. La literatura como elemento motivador para la alfabetización informacional / Villar Arellano Yanguas. -- La competencia digital en el diseño curricular: desde la biblioteca al aula / Felicidad Campal García. -- O deselvomimento da pesquisa escolar por meio da competência em informaçao / Luciane de Fátima Cavalcante Beckman y Marta Leandro da Mata. -- Proyecto escolar de investigación documental "Te pillé leyendo" / José Manuel Garrido Argandoña. -- Aprender com a Biblioteca Escolar: formar para as literacias / Paula Correia y Isabel Mendinhos. -- Sucedió en el siglo XX / María Antonia Becerra Montalbán, Ángel Bernabé Muñoz y Sofía Vaz Romero. -- El Club de lectura en la nube / Belén Benito Blázquez y Ana Ordás García. -- Promover a leitura e a escrita na era digital: prácticas nas bibliotecas escolares / María Raquel Ramos. -- A biblioteca escolar e o desafío da interculturalidade: o projeto Ser + cidadao / María da Conceição Tomé. -- Cuando la competencia digital encontró a la alfabetización informacional o Mucho ruido y pocas nueces / Felicidad Campal García. -- Hora de ler, un programa para el fomento de la lectura en contexto educativo / Cristina Novoa. -- Hábitos de lectura para las competencias en información y alfabetización en información en bibliotecas escolares de Puerto Rico / Karen Denise Centeno Casillas. -- Repositorios digitales en las bibliotecas escolares andaluzas: situación, modelos y herramientas para su creación / Dolores Olmos Olmos y Andrés Pulido Villar. -- Trabajando las competencias clave con las aventuras de Mozarito en Extremadura / María Teresa Carballosa González y María Esther Nieto Vidal. -- Análisis de modelos de evaluación de la web de la biblioteca escolar / Raúl Cremades García. -- Emociónate con las historias: El bosque de las emociones e historias con mucho teatro / Esther Luis Pérez y Ana María Peromingo Fernández. -- Biblioteca escolar de innovación y continuación / E. María Guerrero Palacios y Silvia Mora Ramírez. -- Uso de estándares y licencias para la creación y difusión de contenidos en las bibliotecas escolares / José Luis Barreiro Cebey. -- La biblioteca escolar digital móvil / Javier Fernández Delgado. -- Uso de aplicaciones móviles para el desarrollo de la competencia lingüística. Proyecto Hansel App Gretel / Dolores Olmos Olmos. -- A memória e a mediação segundo Vigotski / Leda Maria Araújo, Patricia Celia Santana, Sueli Bortolin y Leticia Gorri Molina. -- Bibliotecas escolares como tema de estudo dos alunos de graduação em blioteconomia do Instituto de Ensino Superior da FUNLEC: estado da arte / Tiago Pereira Nocera y Rodrigo Pereira. -- Ações de mediação da leitura e da informação em bibliotecas escolares: um olhar sobre as bibliotecas dos Colégios de Aplicação / Tatyanne Christina Gonçalves Ferreira Valdez y Alberto Calil Júnior. -- Mediação pedagógica numa biblioteca de escola pública em Londrina / Rovilson José da Silva, Teba Silva Yllana y Sueli Bortolin. -- Utilização de categorias por cores em sistema de biblioteca voltado ao público infanto-juvenil / Liliana Giusti Serra. -- Atividades de ensino dos atos de leitura com crianças em risco social / Adriana Naomi Fukushima da Silva y Dagoberto Buim Arena. -- Biblioteca escolar: espaço de significados entre alunos, professores e bibliotecários / Rodrigo Barbosa Paulo, Marisa Xavier, Helen Castro Casarin y Creuza Barbaroto. -- A Biblioteca Escolar no Contexto da Legislação e do Processo Educativo / Eliane Lourdes da Silva Moro, Francisca Rosaline Leite Mota y Raimundo Martins de Lima. -- O jornal impresso como fonte de informação: a importância da formação de leitores críticos / Mariana Pícaro Cerigatto. -- Bibliotecas escolares no estado do Rio Grande do Sul: a trajetória de realização dos fóruns gaúchos pela melhoria das bibliotecas escolares / Eliane Lourdes da Silva Moro y Lizandra Brasil Estabel. -- O acesso à informação dos usuários surdos na biblioteca escolar / André Luís Onório Coneglian y Mayara Melo Santana. -- Aprendizagem coletiva de bibliotecários e a competência de pesquisa dos docentes: o caso do Instituto Federal do Espírito Santo / Maristela Almeida Mercandeli Rodrigues y Beatriz Quiroz Villardi. -- Biblioteca escolar: atores, parâmetros e competências / Mavi Galante Mancera Dall´Acqua Carvalho y Claudio Marcondes de Castro Filho. -- Estratégias de aprendizagem de escrita no Ensino Fundamental II / Érika Christina Kohle. -- Bebês e livros: leitura nas bebetecas. Kenia Adriana de Aquino Modesto Silva, Juliane Francischeti Martins Motoyama y Renata Junqueira de Souza. -- Práticas alternativas para organização de acervos nos espaços de leitura em ambientes escolares / Luciana Souza Gracioso, Ariovaldo Alves, Débora Nascimento, Suelen Redondo, Tainara Torika Kiri de Castro, Elizabete Angelon y Eduardo Barbosa. -- Reflexões sobre a modelagem e criação de uma Rede Virtual de Leitores para Bibliotecas Escolares / Carla Floriana Martins y Raoni Guerra Rajão. -- Biblioteca escolar: espaço de formação leitora? / Silvana Ferreira de Souza Balsan y Renata Junqueira de Souza. -- “Se a Biblioteca Escolar é minha mãe, o Google é meu pai”: representações da relação entre Biblioteca Escolar e Google no imaginário de alunos do ensino técnico / Adriana Bogliolo Sirihal-Duarte, Maria L. Amorim Antunes y Raquel Miranda Vilela Paiva. -- Desafios e propostas para a universalização das bibliotecas escolares no Brasil e na Espanha / Rodrigo Pereira, Daniela Spudeit y Fernanda de Sales. -- Bibliotecário educador: possibilidades de atuação no contexto da biblioteca escolar / André Carlos da Silva, Valéria Martin Valls y Mariana de Paula Silva. -- Uma ONG para Bibliotecas Escolares : estratégia para ampliar a igualdade e capacidade de acesso e uso da informação e educação escolar de qualidade / Suelen Camilo Ferreira y Luciana de Souza Gracioso. -- O aluno com deficência: o papel do bibliotecário na disponibilidade de recursos acessíveis na biblioteca escolar / Adriano de Sales Coelho, Rosilene de Melo Oliveira y Marcos Pastana Santos. -- Biblioteca digital virtual e o uso do tablete: uma possibilidade de construção de novas práticas de leitura na escola / Barbara Cibelli da Silva Monteagudo y Dagoberto Buim Arena. -- A importância da biblioteca na educação de crianças de 0 a 3 anos / Yngrid Karolline Mendonça Costa y Cyntia Graziella Guizelim Simões Girotto. -- Comportamento Informacional de adolescentes: a relação com bibliotecas e escolas / Nelson Sebastian Silva-Jerez y Helen de Castro S. Casarin

Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil: setting the baseline knowledge on the animal diversity in Brazil

The limited temporal completeness and taxonomic accuracy of species lists, made available in a traditional manner in scientific publications, has always represented a problem. These lists are invariably limited to a few taxonomic groups and do not represent up-to-date knowledge of all species and classifications. In this context, the Brazilian megadiverse fauna is no exception, and the Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil (CTFB) (http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br/), made public in 2015, represents a database on biodiversity anchored on a list of valid and expertly recognized scientific names of animals in Brazil. The CTFB is updated in near real time by a team of more than 800 specialists. By January 1, 2024, the CTFB compiled 133,691 nominal species, with 125,138 that were considered valid. Most of the valid species were arthropods (82.3%, with more than 102,000 species) and chordates (7.69%, with over 11,000 species). These taxa were followed by a cluster composed of Mollusca (3,567 species), Platyhelminthes (2,292 species), Annelida (1,833 species), and Nematoda (1,447 species). All remaining groups had less than 1,000 species reported in Brazil, with Cnidaria (831 species), Porifera (628 species), Rotifera (606 species), and Bryozoa (520 species) representing those with more than 500 species. Analysis of the CTFB database can facilitate and direct efforts towards the discovery of new species in Brazil, but it is also fundamental in providing the best available list of valid nominal species to users, including those in science, health, conservation efforts, and any initiative involving animals. The importance of the CTFB is evidenced by the elevated number of citations in the scientific literature in diverse areas of biology, law, anthropology, education, forensic science, and veterinary science, among others

Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study

Summary Background Congenital anomalies are the fifth leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years globally. Many gastrointestinal congenital anomalies are fatal without timely access to neonatal surgical care, but few studies have been done on these conditions in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared outcomes of the seven most common gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries globally, and identified factors associated with mortality. Methods We did a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of patients younger than 16 years, presenting to hospital for the first time with oesophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis, exomphalos, anorectal malformation, and Hirschsprung’s disease. Recruitment was of consecutive patients for a minimum of 1 month between October, 2018, and April, 2019. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical status, interventions, and outcomes using the REDCap platform. Patients were followed up for 30 days after primary intervention, or 30 days after admission if they did not receive an intervention. The primary outcome was all-cause, in-hospital mortality for all conditions combined and each condition individually, stratified by country income status. We did a complete case analysis. Findings We included 3849 patients with 3975 study conditions (560 with oesophageal atresia, 448 with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, 681 with intestinal atresia, 453 with gastroschisis, 325 with exomphalos, 991 with anorectal malformation, and 517 with Hirschsprung’s disease) from 264 hospitals (89 in high-income countries, 166 in middleincome countries, and nine in low-income countries) in 74 countries. Of the 3849 patients, 2231 (58·0%) were male. Median gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (IQR 36–39) and median bodyweight at presentation was 2·8 kg (2·3–3·3). Mortality among all patients was 37 (39·8%) of 93 in low-income countries, 583 (20·4%) of 2860 in middle-income countries, and 50 (5·6%) of 896 in high-income countries (p<0·0001 between all country income groups). Gastroschisis had the greatest difference in mortality between country income strata (nine [90·0%] of ten in lowincome countries, 97 [31·9%] of 304 in middle-income countries, and two [1·4%] of 139 in high-income countries; p≤0·0001 between all country income groups). Factors significantly associated with higher mortality for all patients combined included country income status (low-income vs high-income countries, risk ratio 2·78 [95% CI 1·88–4·11], p<0·0001; middle-income vs high-income countries, 2·11 [1·59–2·79], p<0·0001), sepsis at presentation (1·20 [1·04–1·40], p=0·016), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score at primary intervention (ASA 4–5 vs ASA 1–2, 1·82 [1·40–2·35], p<0·0001; ASA 3 vs ASA 1–2, 1·58, [1·30–1·92], p<0·0001]), surgical safety checklist not used (1·39 [1·02–1·90], p=0·035), and ventilation or parenteral nutrition unavailable when needed (ventilation 1·96, [1·41–2·71], p=0·0001; parenteral nutrition 1·35, [1·05–1·74], p=0·018). Administration of parenteral nutrition (0·61, [0·47–0·79], p=0·0002) and use of a peripherally inserted central catheter (0·65 [0·50–0·86], p=0·0024) or percutaneous central line (0·69 [0·48–1·00], p=0·049) were associated with lower mortality. Interpretation Unacceptable differences in mortality exist for gastrointestinal congenital anomalies between lowincome, middle-income, and high-income countries. Improving access to quality neonatal surgical care in LMICs will be vital to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 of ending preventable deaths in neonates and children younger than 5 years by 2030

Psychology for sustainable shared mobility: An investigation of the use of private cars and carsharing services

What are people’s travel patterns – both users and non-users of carsharing and private cars in European cities? What are the main psychological aspects of and motives for making a travel mode choice? This thesis aims to investigate the relationship of habits with attitudinal, normative and motivational aspects to understand the use of private cars and carsharing. Study I presents a classification of motives considered relevant when selecting a mode of transport. It examines the relative importance of driving habits, car attitudes, descriptive norms and motives for transport mode choices for commuting, shopping trips, child-related trips and leisure trips. Socio-demographic variables primarily predicted child-related and commuting trips. Leisure and shopping trips were mainly predicted by driving habits. Driving habit was a common and robust predictor among all trip purposes. In Study II, three mobility styles are identified among the users of carsharing through cluster analysis: a segment that uses different modes of transportation but has low environmental awareness, a segment highly dependent on private car use but that has high environmental awareness and a third segment which also has high environmental awareness and the highest percentage of car-free households. Two mobility styles were identified for the non-users: a segment less favourable to carsharing, with a medium level of environmental awareness and high dependence on private car use, and a segment with the lowest frequency of travel in general and the highest level of environmental awareness. Study III investigates the determinants of intention to use carsharing services using an integrated model of psychological predictors of travel behaviour, with further discussion about the analysis of invariance (configural, metric, scalar) and its relevance for comparisons between groups. The groups were classified as users and non-users of carsharing in Italy and Sweden. The latent variable control was the main predictor of intention to use carsharing, driving habits had stronger negative effects for users of carsharing than for non-users, subjective norms positively predicted the intention to use carsharing among all groups, trust was a predictor of intention only for the Italian groups and climate morality had a small negative effect on only the Swedish groups. Study IV indicates different preferences of carsharing business models depending on the trip purpose, with a trade-off between free-floating (FF) and round-trip station-based (RTSB) business models. The peer-to-peer (P2P) business model stood out for short holiday trips. Age, educational level, and income affected the probabilities of choosing different carsharing operators. When it comes to driving habits and trust in the service, users of FF and RTSB differ substantially. The results from this thesis can be used as support for governance aiming to promote sustainable transportation by fostering the use of carsharing

The Psychology of Sharing: Multigroup Analysis among Users and Non-Users of Carsharing

The present study investigates the determinants of intention to use carsharing services by an integrated model of psychological predictors of travel behavior. The model proposed is tested by multigroup confirmatory factor analysis (MGCFA) in structural equation modeling (SEM) with further discussion about analysis of invariance and its relevance for comparisons between groups. The sample was classified into four groups: Italian users, Italian non-users, Swedish users, and Swedish non-users of carsharing. The users were respondents who have used or are currently using carsharing, while non-users reported never using the carsharing services. The analysis of data from 6072 respondents revealed that control was the main predictor of intention to use carsharing; driving habits had stronger negative effects for users of carsharing than for non-users; subjective norms positively predicted the intention to use carsharing among all groups; trust was a predictor of intention only for the Italian groups; and climate morality had a small negative effect on the Swedish groups only. The outcomes of this investigation will increase the knowledge about the use of carsharing and help to identify the behavioral and psychological factors that primarily influence people’s intention to use it

Roundtrip, Free-Floating and Peer-to-Peer Carsharing: A Bayesian Behavioral Analysis

This study analyses behavioral psychological facilitators and barriers to using different carsharing business models. It identifies the most preferable carsharing business models for different trip purposes as well as the main motivators for using it. Users of carsharing services (N=1,121) in German cities completed a questionnaire distributed by five operators representing three different business models: freefloating (FF), round-trip station-based (RTSB), and peer-to-peer (P2P). All analyses are performed from a Bayesian perspective and further discussion of the statistical analyses is included. The main results indicate that there are different preferences for carsharing business models depending on the trip purpose, with a trade-off between free-floating and round-trip station-based business models. The peer-to-peer business model stood out for short holiday trips. Age, educational level, and income affected the probability of selecting different carsharing operators. Users of FF and RTSB differ regarding driving habits and trust in the services