Health benefits and uncertainty: an experimental analysis of the effects of risk presentation on auction bids for a healthful product

Experimental subjects receive a different presentation of a food product's potential health risk reductions if eaten regularly. They are then asked to bid for the product. Results suggest that the bids vary across the groups that receive differing risk information.

Health Benefits and Uncertainty: An Experimental Analysis of the Effects of Risk Presentation on Auction Bids for a Healthful Product

Experimental subjects receive a different presentation of a food product's potential health risk reductions if people habitually eat it, and then asked to bid for the product. Results suggest that the bids vary across the groups that receive differing risk information.Health risks, experimental economics, auctions, uncertainty, Risk and Uncertainty, D81, I12,

The Effect of Risk Presentation on Product Valuation: An Experimental Analysis

We examine how people might evaluate a product with novel attribute, given various kinds of risk information. Using a product with healthful benefits, we assess subjects' willingness to pay given various kinds of health risk information conveying reduced health risks, life tradeoffs, and ambiguity. Four treatments in separate non-hypothetical experimental auctions are used to elicit willingness to pay values. Results suggest that willingness to pay vary across the groups that receive differing risk information. Specifically, willingness to pay was higher for the group that was given clear risk information and questions related to life tradeoffs than for the group given ambiguous risk information. Willingness to pay was lowest for the group that was given no risk information at all.Risk and Uncertainty,

On the Use of Valuation Mechanisms to Measure Consumers' Willingness to Pay for Novel Products: A Comparison of Hypothetical and Non-Hypothetical Values

Willingness to pay (WTP) estimates for novel products are needed to assess consumers' valuation of these products as well as for product adoption and optimal pricing strategies. Using experiments in a retail setting, we compare hypothetical and non-hypothetical WTP values between a Becker-DeGroot-Marshak (BDM) auction mechanism and conjoint analysis. Our results suggest that the auction WTP values are higher than conjoint analysis WTP values. Moreover, the hypothetical WTP values are higher than the non-hypothetical WTP values in both elicitation mechanisms.Conjoint analysis, willingness-to-pay, auction, hypothetical, non-hypothetical, Consumer/Household Economics, Institutional and Behavioral Economics,

From Farm to School: An Alternative Market for Texas Citrus

Crop Production/Industries, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety,

Fruit and Vegetables Go Back to School

Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, I38, Q18,

Statistics of turbulence in the energy-containing range of Taylor-Couette compared to canonical wall-bounded flows

Considering structure functions of the streamwise velocity component in a framework akin to the extended self-similarity hypothesis (ESS), de Silva \textit{et al.} (\textit{J. Fluid Mech.}, vol. 823,2017, pp. 498-510) observed that remarkably the \textit{large-scale} (energy-containing range) statistics in canonical wall bounded flows exhibit universal behaviour. In the present study, we extend this universality, which was seen to encompass also flows at moderate Reynolds number, to Taylor-Couette flow. In doing so, we find that also the transversal structure function of the spanwise velocity component exhibits the same universal behaviour across all flow types considered. We further demonstrate that these observations are consistent with predictions developed based on an attached-eddy hypothesis. These considerations also yield a possible explanation for the efficacy of the ESS framework by showing that it relaxes the self-similarity assumption for the attached eddy contributions. By taking the effect of streamwise alignment into account, the attached eddy model predicts different behaviour for structure functions in the streamwise and in the spanwise directions and that this effect cancels in the ESS-framework --- both consistent with the data. Moreover, it is demonstrated here that also the additive constants, which were previously believed to be flow dependent, are indeed universal at least in turbulent boundary layers and pipe flow where high-Reynolds number data are currently available.Comment: accepted in J. Fluid Mec

Assessing the current state and restoration needs of the beaches and coastal dunes of Marismas Nacionales, Nayarit, Mexico

Around the world, population growth, land use changes and coastal infrastructure have modified coastlines. In many cases these actions have induced intense degradation and loss of the ecosystems there. Sandy beaches and coastal dunes are amongst the most threatened features. In Mexico, coastal dunes in the state of Nayarit, on the Pacific, have been affected by small scale tourism, the construction of artificial inlets and an increase in agricultural activities, even though they are part of a Biosphere Reserve. While there is a growing need for restoration or rehabilitation programs to protect these coastal dunes, such actions are almost non-existent because of financial limitations, difficulties in deciding which locations most urgently need these strategies, and the uncertainty of the results. Our goal was to evaluate the coastline of the Marismas Nacionales Biosphere Reserve, in the state of Nayarit, Mexico, examining geomorphological, ecological, and socioeconomic variables. Ninety sites were assessed, using the Re-Dune index, 41 beaches were found to be in a good state of conservation, while 43 are degraded but with the potential for success when subjected to restoration measures. Six sites were seen as highly degraded, with rehabilitation being the most viable option. By recovering the coastal dunes of Marismas Nacionales, the hurricane protection provided by them will be enhanced and sustainable social and economic development will be more likely.CEMIE-Océano 24979