Emphasizing social issues toward sustainable supply chain: a brazilian perspective

From sustainability perspective, the supply chain management strategy can use different indicators related to Triple Bottom Line to improve its practices. Some studies in the topic have focused only environmental issues; however in some cases the social issues should be considered as a core of the sustainable strategies. Considering this view, the paper aims to highlight the relevance of social issues in the Brazilian context toward sustainable supply chain. Therefore, a theoretical essay was conducted using the literature about sustainable supply chain in relation to the Brazilian perspective to understand how it is possible to use new approaches for a more emphasis on social issues. The discussions indicates that to re-conceptualize the social relations in supply chains, it's necessary to use corporate social responsibility and social capital approaches to create a better discussion about sustainable supply chain. The proposal starts a discussion in the Brazilian context to stimulate new scholars to study this topic

Selection of Software Product Line Implementation Components Using Recommender Systems: An Application to Wordpress

In software products line (SPL), there may be features which can be implemented by different components, which means there are several implementations for the same feature. In this context, the selection of the best components set to implement a given configuration is a challenging task due to the high number of combinations and options which could be selected. In certain scenarios, it is possible to find information associated with the components which could help in this selection task, such as user ratings. In this paper, we introduce a component-based recommender system, called (REcommender System that suggests implementation Components from selecteD fEatures), which uses information associated with the implementation components to make recommendations in the domain of the SPL configuration. We also provide a RESDEC reference implementation that supports collaborative-based and content-based filtering algorithms to recommend (i.e., implementation components) regarding WordPress-based websites configuration. The empirical results, on a knowledge base with 680 plugins and 187 000 ratings by 116 000 users, show promising results. Concretely, this indicates that it is possible to guide the user throughout the implementation components selection with a margin of error smaller than 13% according to our evaluation.Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad RTI2018-101204-B-C22Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad TIN2014-55894-C2-1-RMinisterio de Economía y Competitividad TIN2017-88209-C2-2-RMinisterio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad MCIU-AEI TIN2017-90644-RED

El desarrollo del turismo industrial en la región minera de Santa Catarina/Brasil para fomentar la recuperación medioambiental

Desde su descubrimiento el carbón genera diversos impactos en las regiones mineras del sur del estado de Santa Catarina (Brasil), hecho que justifica la importancia de estudios científicos que evalúen los efectos provocados por su exploración, para buscar alternativas que reduzcan los impactos medioambientales y aceleren los procesos de recuperación de las áreas afectadas. En este sentido, este trabajo pretende demostrar cómo el turismo puede desempeñar un papel importante en la recuperación medioambiental y en el desarrollo socioeconómico de la región analizada, fomentando así la mejora de la calidad de vida de la población local. Para ello, el estudio señaliza herramientas que se pueden llevar a cabo para que esta actividad prospere en los municipios de la cuenca carbonífera de Santa Catarina, como son la planificación territorial, la creación de productos turísticos y la puesta en valor del legado cultural y medioambiental.Since coal its discovery various impacts generated in mining regions the south of Santa Catarina state (Brazil), this fact justifies the importance of scientific studies to evaluate the effects caused by your exploration , for looking for alternatives that reduce environmental impacts and accelerate recovery processes in the affected areas. In this sense, this work want demonstrate how the tourism can be an important role in environmental restoration and economic development in the study region, to improving quality of life of local people. For this, the study signals tools like as territorial planning, development tourist products and post in value the cultural heritage and environment, to make possible that this activity to flourish in the municipalities of Santa Catarina coal basin

El pelícano blanco americano (pelecanus erythrorhynchus) en colombia, con comentarios sobre los efectos de los huracanes en el caribe

Presentamos un registro fotográfico del Pelicano Blanco Americano (Pelecanus erythrorhynchus) en un manglar de la isla de San Andrés, en el Caribe colombiano, con lo cual se confirma la presencia de esta especie en Colombia. Adicionalmente discutimos el posible efecto de los huracanes del Caribe en la dispersión de esta especie y los efectos que estas catástrofes naturales pueden tener en la conservación de la avifauna del Archipiélago de San Andrés y Providencia

COMO CREAR HERRAMIENTAS SEGURAS DE DESARROLLO USANDO CODIGO SEGURO

El presente artículo muestra que el código seguro es una parte importante para crear aplicaciones dirigidas a desarrolladores de software. De otra parte se deja en evidencia que desde el mismo diseño y concepción de la herramienta de desarrollo se pueden tener prácticas que no permitan que el producto final sea seguro, sin que esto sea responsabilidad de los programadores que en últimas desarrollan la herramienta. Como contraprestación a la anterior idea, el artículo plantea que también existen cosas en la seguridad de una herramienta de desarrollo que son responsabilidad de los programadores finales, pero que a veces no se tiene en cuenta para construir una herramienta insegura

A tool for realistic study of nanoparticulate coal rejects

Pollution caused by hazardous and carcinogenic inorganic elements and organic compounds from coal may be more severe when coupled by other sources of pollution. In addition, the modes of occurrence of potential hazardous elements (PHEs) in coal cleaning rejects (CCRs) have been widely investigated using different methods, including statistical methods, which, however, in some cases resulted in misleading interpretations. In order to verify this potential problem and find an effective solution, we selected a data set, which contained comprehensive analyses of CCRs. The secondary products in sulphides-bearing coal mine rejects were studied in demand to determine their geochemical and ecological structures and to assess their position in the reduction of PHEs in the nature. A zone located in south Brazil, which is the major coal power plant in South America, can be given as an example of such a problem. In this work, a novel methodology for the analysis of PHEs in soils and sediments is proposed for this affected coal area. The analytical method combining X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and advanced electron microscopies shows the importance of nanomineralogy in understanding different circumstances of coal contamination. Several ultrafine-nanoparticles (UNPs) were identified in the sampled soils and river sediments together with the PHEs. A decrease in PHEs was identified in association with UNPs. However, still further investigations are required with regard to the mobility of PHEs in water, atmosphere, soils, and sediments. The site studied around the coal power plant showed the highest sorption capacity possibly due to the high retention ability of components of soil and sediments such as carbon and clay. These observations of the coal-derived nanoparticles confirm their capability of regulating the mobility of hazardous elements, implying the need for restoring complex abandoned coal areas.

Desenvolvimento de microesferas lipídicas contendo quercetina para a administração pulmonar visando o tratamento de asma

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmácia, Florianópolis, 2011Esse trabalho teve com objetivo desenvolver micropartículas lipídicas contendo quercetina com vistas à sua liberação pulmonar, para o tratamento da asma. As micropartículas foram obtidas a partir de uma mistura de trimiristato de glicerila e lecitina de soja (MTL), pela técnica de difusão do solvente a quente, ou a partir do behenato de glicerila, na presença (MBL) ou ausência de lecitina (MB) de soja, pelo método de homogeneização a quente. A quercetina foi adicionada nas formulações na proporção de 1:25 e 1:50 em relação à massa de lipídio. Valores de EE e teor de fármaco (mg/100mg) variaram de 29,35 a 99,80% e 0,52 a 3,84% (m/m), respectivamente. Partículas esféricas e de superfície rugosas foram obtidas, conforme mostrado nas micrografias obtidas por MEV. As micropartículas apresentaram porosidade entre 68,83 e 85,94%, baixos valores de densidade bruta e de compactação e propriedades de fluidez variáveis entre boa e favorável a tolerável, conforme valor calculado de Índice de Carr. As micropartículas foram caracterizadas quanto ao diâmetro geométrico (MMGD) pela técnica de difração a laser. Os valores de diâmetro médio equivalente em volume variaram de 6,67 a 8,43 m, 18,16 a 26,71 m e 23,11 a 34,30 m para MTL, MB e MBL, respectivamente. Entretanto, valores de d50% (diâmetro correspondente a 50% da distribuição acumulada) foram menores variando de 5,59 a 6,84 m, 6,23 a 9,04 m e 17,53 a 25,62 m para MTL, MB e MBL, respectivamente. A partir dos dados de porosidade, densidade esquelética, MMGD, e d50%, os valores de diâmetro aerodinâmico (MMAD) foram calculados e variaram entre 3 a 12,5 m, respectivamente. Com base nesses resultados, as micropartículas de trimiristato de glicerila mostraram características mais aceitáveis para a administração pulmonar, enquanto aquelas preparadas com behenato de glicerila contendo lecitina de soja apresentaram valores de MMAD50% adequados, indicando que somente uma fração fina respirável das partículas é capaz de se depositar nas regiões mais profundas do pulmão. As análises por calorimetria exploratória diferencial e difração de raios-X das matérias-primas e das micropartículas de trimiristato de glicerila e behenato de glicerila evidenciaram a presença dos polimorfos ? e ?', respectivamente, indicando que a técnica de preparação não conduziu a alterações polimórficas. Por espectroscopia Raman ainda foi possível visualizar a existência de interação entre o behenato de glicerila e a lecitina de soja, uma vez que houve grande interferência na intensidade Raman devido fluorescência da lecitina, fator não observado nas amostras com trimiristato de glicerila contendo lecitina de soja. A quercetina foi avaliada ainda quanto a sua estabilidade química frente ao processo de preparação das micropartículas por espectroscopia no UV sendo observado que este não interfere na integridade química do polifenol. O perfil de liberação da quercetina a partir das micropartículas lipídicas foi afetado pela composição das formulações, conforme evidenciado pela análise da ANOVA dos valores de eficiência de dissolução. O conjunto dos resultados mostrou que as micropartículas lipídicas apresentam grande potencial para carrear a quercetina para os pulmões.The aim of this study was to develop quercetin-loaded lipid-based microparticles for pulmonary delivery. The microparticles were prepared from a mixture of glyceryl trimyristate and soy lecithin (MTL), by the hot solvent diffusion method, or from glyceryl behenate, in the presence (MBL) or absence of soy lecithin (MB), by hot homogenization method. Quercetin was added to the formulations in a ratio of 1:25 or 1:50 (w/w), regarding the total lipid weight. Encapsulation efficiency and drug content varied from 29.35 e 99.80%, and from 0.52 e 3.84 % (w/w), respectively. Particles displaying spherical shape and rough surface were obtained as it was visualized by SEM. The microparticles displayed porosity values varying from 68.83 to 85.94%, low bulk and tapped densities, and good to favorable to tolerable flowability, according to Carr's index. The mean geometric diameters (MMGD) of the particle and size distribution were evaluated by laser diffraction. The mean equivalent volume diameter varied from 6.67 to 8.43 m, 18.16 to 26.71 m, and 23.11 to 34.30 m for MTL, MB e MBL, respectively. On the other hand, d50% values were lower than d[4,3] , and they varied from 5.59 to 6.84 m, from 6.23 to 9.04 m, and 17.53 to 25.62 m for MTL, MB e MBL, respectively. The aerodynamic diameter (MMAD) were estimated from the porosity, squeletical density, MMGD, and d50% values and they varied from 3 to 12.5 m, respectively. Considering the particle size results, microparticles prepared from glyceryl trimyristate exhibited acceptable properties for pulmonary administration. However, those prepared from glyceryl behenate and soy lecithin displayed only MMAD50% acceptable values, indicating that barely a powder fraction is able to reach the deeper lung regions. The analyses of the lipid-based microparticles and the raw materials evidenced the presence of the ? e ?' polymorphs for glyceryl trimyristate and glyceryl behenate, respectively, indicating that no polymorphic transition occurred by using both microparticle preparation techniques. By Raman spectroscopy was still possible to observe the existence of interactions between the glyceryl behenato and soy lecithin, since there was a significant interference in Raman intensity due to fluorescence of the lecithin, a characteristic that was not observed in samples prepared from glyceryl trimyristate and soy lecithin. The chemical stability of quercetin during the preparation of the microparticles was examined by UV spectroscopy, and it was demonstrated the preparation method did not affect the chemical integrity of this polyphenol. The quercetin release rate was affected by the composition of the formulations, as indicated by the ANOVA carried out using the dissolution efficiency values obtained from the release profile. The results taken together demosntrated that lipid-based microparticles displayed a great potential to carry quecertin into the pulmonary tract

Cambios en el entorno natural a partir de actividades antrópicas, presentes en las épocas precolombinas y colonial de la zona arqueológica Calima Valle del Cauca

Maestría en Desarrollo Sostenible y Medio Ambiente, Facultad de Ciencias Contables, Económicas y Administrativas.En los últimos años, en nuestro país, una buena cantidad de publicaciones se han desarrollado con respecto a temas ambientales. Sin embargo, frente a la relación ser humano naturaleza, desde lo histórico (principalmente en los periodos precolombinos) es remota la literatura que se ha producido probablemente por lo incipiente en las huellas cientificas. En la actualidad el panorama ha cambiado ya que se cuenta con una buena cantidad de evidencias arqueológicas para determinar cuál fue el comportamiento del ser humano, en las épocas anteriormente mencionados, frente a su entorno ambiental. Fechas de radio carbono más el análisis de los diferentes materiales arqueológicos e históricos son los elementos indicados para encontrar la incidencia de estos pobladores sobre su ambiente. Los diferentes periodos históricos que se han datado en la Región Arqueológica Calima1 tienen una gran importancia por su diversidad cultural. Igual de importante puede ser conocer sus métodos que utilizaron para interactuar con la naturaleza

MINERÍA DE DATOS PARA LA PREDICCIÓN DE FRAUDES EN TARJETAS DE CRÉDITO

En este artículo se expone el uso de la minería de datos a través de algoritmos de árboles de clasificación (J48) y reglas de asociación (a priori) para la posible detección de fraudes a nivel de tarjetas de crédito. Además, presenta una comparación de los resultados obtenidos con ambas técnicas y propone una serie de sugerencias para el desarrollo de este procedimiento usando minería de datos

XML: SU FUTURO, SU APLICABILIDAD Y SU RELACIÓN CON LAS TECNOLOGÍAS ACTUALES MÁS IMPORTANTES

En este artículo se pretende mostrar como la tecnología XML es más que un lenguaje de marcado extensible y como con XML se pueden llegar a crear nuevas tecnologías de comunicaciones incluyendo tecnologías para el intercambio de información gráfica, de negocios, de servicios, etc. En este artículo se pude decir que se recopilan las tecnologías más notables y prósperas derivadas de la gran tecnología XML y se analizan sus diversas aplicaciones en muchas tecnologías actuales, al mismo tiempo que se muestra la interacción de XML con los principales motores de bases de datos, con HTML, con los servicios web, y con muchas tecnologías de esta era informática