Evaluation of thermoregulation of horses (Equus caballus) submitted to two methods of post-exercise cooling, in hot and humid climate conditions, in the Eastern Amazon

In Brazil, the study on equine thermoregulation has not shown considerable advances, moreover, in the Amazon, this is a little explored aspect. This study aims to evaluate the thermoregulation of horses submitted to two methods of post-exercise cooling, in the climatic conditions of the Eastern Amazon. The experiment was conducted at Centro Hipico, Ananindeua, Para, for 15 days. Ten male horses, castrated of the Brazilian breed, aged 13 years and with an average weight of 482.3 kg were used. Equestrianism, which was exercised with pre-established protocol in the arena and track, for 30 min. After the exercise, the animals were divided into two groups for application of the treatments, which were two cooling methods, such as a bath with water at room temperature (about 25°C) and a hiper cooling method (6–9°C). During the experimental period, air temperature (AT) and relative humidity (RH) data were recorded and the Temperature and Humidity Index (THI) was calculated. Data from the rectal temperature (RT), heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR) and Body surface temperature (BST) of the animals were also measured at three moments: before exercise, after exercise and after applying the cooling methods. The adaptability index used was the Benezra Thermal Comfort Index (BTCI). The BST was performed with the help of infrared thermograph, which were the left side of the neck, thorax, rump, and right side to the armpi, before the exercise, after the exercise and after applying the cooling methods. The statistical design was completely randomized. Analysis of variance was performed using the GLM Procedure of SAS 9.1.3. After the application of the cooling techniques in the animals, the AT and THI were higher and the highest RH values were found before the exercise (87.21%). The highest RT, RR, HR, BST, and BTCI values were observed after exercise. There was no significant dierence (P > 0.05) between cooling methods. There was a highly significant and positive correlation (P < 0.01) between all physiological variables (RT, RR, HR, and BST) and the Iberian Index with AT and THI and negative with RH (P < 0.01), thus demonstrating the influence of the environment on the thermoregulation of animals. It is concluded the evaluation of stress, welfare and thermoregulation of horses submitted to two methods of post-exercise cooling, in the climatic conditions of the Eastern Amazon, demonstrated that the studied cooling methods showed to reduce the rectal temperature, the respiratory rate, the heart rate and the body surface temperature with equal efficiency. However, in terms of practical ease of use, the room temperature water cooling method has proven to be more practical

Ações do enfermeiro na interface com os núcleos ampliados de Saúde da Família e Atenção Básica

Objective To understand the actions of nurses from the perspective of the interface of performing with the Expanded Services of Family Health and Primary Care Center. Method Qualitative participatory research based on the Freirean Itinerary, from the following steps: thematic research; encoding and decoding; and critical unveiling. The information was obtained through four Culture Circles, with nurses from Family Health teams, between April and June 2018. Results A total of nine nurses participated in the study. Among the generative topics emerged, there is the “relationship between generalist teams and the health center: nurses as a reference and interprofessional bond”. Nurses perceive themselves in this way because of generalist and managerial training. Shared activities as groups are among the practices developed collectively and that strengthen interprofessional work. Conclusion By provoking reflections on autonomy and the work process in collaborative performance with the Centers, the study expanded the perception about the actions developed by nurses in the interaction with the multiprofessional team. It is suggested to carry out other studies on interprofessionality in the relationship between nursing and the extended services through the perspective of the Center professionals.Objetivo Compreender as ações do enfermeiro na perspectiva da interface de atuação com o Núcleo Ampliado de Saúde da Família e Atenção Básica. Método Pesquisa qualitativa de caráter participativo pautada no Itinerário Freireano, a partir das seguintes etapas: investigação temática; codificação e decodificação; e desvelamento crítico. As informações foram obtidas mediante quatro Círculos de Cultura, com enfermeiras de equipes da Saúde da Família, entre abril e junho de 2018. Resultados Participaram nove enfermeiras. Entre os temas geradores desvelados, desponta a “relação entre equipes generalistas e os Núcleos: enfermeiros como referência e elo interprofissional”. As enfermeiras percebem-se dessa maneira por conta da formação generalista e gerencial. Atividades compartilhadas, como grupos, estão entre as práticas desenvolvidas coletivamente e que fortalecem o trabalho interprofissional. Conclusão Ao provocar reflexões sobre a autonomia e o processo de trabalho na atuação colaborativa com os Núcleos, o estudo ampliou a percepção acerca das ações desenvolvidas pelas enfermeiras na interação com a equipe multiprofissional. Sugere-se a realização de outras pesquisas sobre a interprofissionalidade na relação entre a enfermagem e a equipe ampliada mediante a ótica dos profissionais do Núcleo.Objetivo Compreender as ações do enfermeiro na perspectiva da interface de atuação com o Núcleo Ampliado de Saúde da Família e Atenção Básica. Método Pesquisa qualitativa de caráter participativo pautada no Itinerário Freireano, a partir das seguintes etapas: investigação temática; codificação e decodificação; e desvelamento crítico. As informações foram obtidas mediante quatro Círculos de Cultura, com enfermeiras de equipes da Saúde da Família, entre abril e junho de 2018. Resultados Participaram nove enfermeiras. Entre os temas geradores desvelados, desponta a “relação entre equipes generalistas e os Núcleos: enfermeiros como referência e elo interprofissional”. As enfermeiras percebem-se dessa maneira por conta da formação generalista e gerencial. Atividades compartilhadas, como grupos, estão entre as práticas desenvolvidas coletivamente e que fortalecem o trabalho interprofissional. Conclusão Ao provocar reflexões sobre a autonomia e o processo de trabalho na atuação colaborativa com os Núcleos, o estudo ampliou a percepção acerca das ações desenvolvidas pelas enfermeiras na interação com a equipe multiprofissional. Sugere-se a realização de outras pesquisas sobre a interprofissionalidade na relação entre a enfermagem e a equipe ampliada mediante a ótica dos profissionais do Núcleo

Função matriciadora dos Núcleos Ampliados de Saúde da Família: uma revisão integrativa da literatura

RESUMO Revisão integrativa da literatura que buscou identificar as concepções teórico-conceituais que sustentam a criação e o desenvolvimento dos Núcleos Ampliados de Saúde da Família e Atenção Básica (Nasf-AB) como dispositivo de apoio no âmbito desse nível assistencial, bem como analisar o processo de matriciamento de acordo com as características apresentadas pela literatura científica atual, a partir da análise de manuscritos publicados nas bases da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, PubMed e Portal de Periódicos da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Capes), utilizando-se o termo ‘Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família’. Após a aplicação dos critérios de inclusão, resultaram 33 trabalhos. Evidenciou-se predomínio de estudos qualitativos, os quais sinalizam características de atuação do Nasf-AB, organizadas em atividades técnico-pedagógicas com as equipes de Saúde da Família, e clínico-assistenciais, voltadas para o atendimento dos usuários e coletivos. As informações encontradas na literatura científica demonstram dificuldades e desafios relacionados com a operacionalização do trabalho do Nasf-AB

Mixed Models in Nonlinear Regression for Description of the Growth of Nelore Cattle

Body weight records were used to characterize the growth curve of Nelore cattle. Body weight was regressed as a function of age, for both sexes, by using nonlinear models through the functions of Brody, Gompertz, Logistic, Richards, Meloun 1, Von Bertalanffy, and Von Bertalanffy. The quality of the model arrangements was evaluated by employing Akaike and Bayesian Schwarz information criteria. The Brody function provided the best adaptations by the evaluators and, considering the asymptotic weight and the maturation rate as random, a reduction in residual variance of 79% for males and 83% for females was obtained in relation to the models under fixed contexts. In males, the absolute and relative growth rates ranged from 0.921 to 0.261 kg/day and 2.39 to 0.08%, respectively. For the same rates, under another approach, females ranged from 0.922 to 0.198 kg/day and 2.55 to 0.06%, respectively. Males showed greater growth acceleration at the beginning of the growth trajectory, being equal to females at 397 days of age and from that age onward they presented lower estimates. The nonlinear regression model approach under the mixed-models context allows reduction of residual variance, increasing model accuracy