Holt-Oram syndrome: a rare case report

Holt-Oram syndrome is an inherited disorder that causes abnormalities of the hands, arms and heart. The diagnosis can be established clinically. The diagnostic criteria have been validated with molecular testing. An upper-limb malformation involving the carpal bone(s) and, variably, the radial and/or thenar bones-An abnormal carpal bone, present in all affected individuals and identified by performing a posterior-anterior hand x-ray, may be the only evidence of disease. 24 years unbooked Hindu female G2P1+0 presented in OPD at term. Her USG examination showed-small deformed upper limbs with poorly appreciable upper limb skeleton. Induction of labour was done and patient delivered vaginally a female baby with deformed upper limbs. This case emphasizes the importance of proper history taking (family history), early diagnosis of such anomalies and proper counseling the parents

Socio-demographic profile of reproductive tract infections and sexually transmitted diseases in reproductive aged women

Background: RTI including Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD) are increasingly recognized as a major cause of morbidity in India. RTI have become widespread today because of the changing social fabric and unconventional sexual behaviors. The present study was done to assess the prevalence of RTI and STD in women aged 20-45 years and to correlate the socio-demographic factors with RTI & STD.Methods: Two hundred & fifty women in the age group of 20-45 years attending the outpatient department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of VPC & IMS, Lucknow were included in the study. Out of them 215 were symptomatic and 35 were asymptomatic. All of them were offered clinical and microbiological examinations. A pretested, semi-structured interview schedule was used.Results: In this study the prevalence of RTI/STD was higher among women aged 31-35years, rural population, illiterate & less educated (90.4-97%) females, in farm workers & in students. The females having toilet access in field & outside toilet and with poor personal and menstrual hygiene, had more prevalence of RTI/STD.Conclusions: Hence we as obstetricians should try to make public aware about the importance of RTI/STD prevention, early diagnosis and prompt and complete treatment to avoid long term squealae.

Englishization in offshore call centers:A postcolonial perspective

The spread and use of English as the lingua franca of international business (IB) – “corporate Englishization” – has received increasing scholarly attention in recent years but the focus has mostly been on the communication benefits and challenges of using English as a shared language inside multinationals. In this article we examine how English is used externally in the provision of business services and apply a postcolonial perspective to frame our analysis. Drawing on fieldwork in India within the call center units of two outsourcing organizations serving Anglo-American firms, we show how corporate Englishization (1) relies on, and contributes to producing, comprador managerial cadres; (2) serves to construct a transnational intra-linguistic hierarchy of power and privilege; and (3) undercuts its own effectiveness by simultaneously eliminating and maintaining the alterity of the “Other” through processes of mimicry. We thus show how corporate Englishization does not merely overcome or, conversely, worsen transnational communication problems; it also (re-)produces colonial-style power relations between the “Anglosphere” and the “Rest”. Our analysis deepens our understanding of corporate Englishization and opens a new avenue for postcolonial research on the role of language in IB. Our analysis also advances the field of postcolonial organization studies and has implications for IB scholarship more generally

Evolution of Financing Needs in Indian Infrastructure

India has emerged as one of the fastest growing economies even in the difficult financial downturn era. In coming years, India will be demanding a large number of infrastructure services to match the demand and keep an upward sloping growth curve. Indian infrastructure including both soft (port services, air and telecom) and hard (road, railways and airways) infrastructure is growing at a fast pace at present. The country also has largest road network (3.34 million km) and second largest rail network of the world. Requirement for investment in infrastructure projects was expected to increase by 145.6% from Five Year Plan 2002-07 to FYP 2007-11. Part of the investment is expected to come from the various resources as public private partnerships and public investments. Indian government is also trying to experiment with different tools of PPP (public private partnerships) financing such as VGF (viability gap financing), SPV (special purpose vehicle) to decrease the deficits on the accounts of infrastructure. This paper studies the evolution of financing needs and consequential innovative methodologies in Indian infrastructure. Government has made various efforts to match the growth in infrastructure with country’s economy growth. However, Indian infrastructure is still lagging behind globally. This study analyzes existing frameworks available for financing and risk involved in them. India has lot of opportunity to grow using public private partnership model, but still the numbers of project financed are very less. We also have studied project financing model and capital financing model which are used by various competitive countries to India. A regression analysis has been conducted on a macroeconomic model of investment in infrastructure which takes into account the exogenous variables interest rate, inflation rate, foreign exchange rate (USD/INR) and nominal gross domestic product based on Indian data from 1987-2010. Here we study how changes in any one of the aforementioned factors impact the infrastructure investment. The paper also tries to find out the correlation between and trends followed by CNX Infra and S&P 500 based on daily time series for both. A comparative analysis of two South Asian countries namely South Korea and Malaysia has been carried out with respect to India. The objective of this study is to find out what are the similarities and complementarities between the infrastructure investments of these countries and India. This helps in suggesting which ways India can move forward in order to optimize and align its infrastructure development with its continuously burgeoning needs. Finally, we have made our recommendation to facilitate infrastructure financing optimally by removing the externalities from the existing system. We also suggest a few innovative ways to finance infrastructure in India which might prove successful

Evolution of Financing Needs in Indian Infrastructure

India has emerged as one of the fastest growing economies even in the difficult financial downturn era. In coming years, India will be demanding a large number of infrastructure services to match the demand and keep an upward sloping growth curve. Indian infrastructure including both soft (port services, air and telecom) and hard (road, railways and airways) infrastructure is growing at a fast pace at present. The country also has largest road network (3.34 million km) and second largest rail network of the world. Requirement for investment in infrastructure projects was expected to increase by 145.6% from Five Year Plan 2002-07 to FYP 2007-11. Part of the investment is expected to come from the various resources as public private partnerships and public investments. Indian government is also trying to experiment with different tools of PPP (public private partnerships) financing such as VGF (viability gap financing), SPV (special purpose vehicle) to decrease the deficits on the accounts of infrastructure. This paper studies the evolution of financing needs and consequential innovative methodologies in Indian infrastructure. Government has made various efforts to match the growth in infrastructure with country’s economy growth. However, Indian infrastructure is still lagging behind globally. This study analyzes existing frameworks available for financing and risk involved in them. India has lot of opportunity to grow using public private partnership model, but still the numbers of project financed are very less. We also have studied project financing model and capital financing model which are used by various competitive countries to India. A regression analysis has been conducted on a macroeconomic model of investment in infrastructure which takes into account the exogenous variables interest rate, inflation rate, foreign exchange rate (USD/INR) and nominal gross domestic product based on Indian data from 1987-2010. Here we study how changes in any one of the aforementioned factors impact the infrastructure investment. The paper also tries to find out the correlation between and trends followed by CNX Infra and S&P 500 based on daily time series for both. A comparative analysis of two South Asian countries namely South Korea and Malaysia has been carried out with respect to India. The objective of this study is to find out what are the similarities and complementarities between the infrastructure investments of these countries and India. This helps in suggesting which ways India can move forward in order to optimize and align its infrastructure development with its continuously burgeoning needs. Finally, we have made our recommendation to facilitate infrastructure financing optimally by removing the externalities from the existing system. We also suggest a few innovative ways to finance infrastructure in India which might prove successful

A study on delayed cord clamping and early skin-to-skin contact and its effects on neonatal outcome

Background: Previous study conducted against immediate tying and cutting of the umbilical cord and suggested waiting until the child had taken repeated breaths and the pulsation in the cord had ceased to prevent potential weakness in the child.  A comparative study between delayed cord clamping (DCC) and early cord clamping (ECC) was carried out on a select group of primigravida without any high-risk factor and delivering at term. The objective of the study was to identify the effects of delayed cord clamping and early skin to skin contact on new born infant’s physiological parameters (temperature, weight, SpO2= saturation of peripheral oxygen, Apgar score= appearance, pulse, grimace, activity, and respiration, Hb=haemoglobin level). Methods: Study sample consisted of 300 mothers and their new born after gaining mother’s acceptance. They were divided into 2 groups of 150 each. Group A underwent delayed cord clamping and early skin to skin contact and group B early cord clamping. Newborns monitored 24 hours for hypothermia, apnoea, oxygen needs. Results: The findings of the present study were equivalent among both groups regards the mean neonatal haematological parameters were comparable and slightly elevated hemoglobin level and weight status among late cord clamping compared to early cord clamping group with significant difference was observed at 24 hour later. Conclusions: This study was found that DCC does have a beneficial effect on temperature, Apgar score, SpO2, Hb level and weight status of new born. Therefore, it is believed that DCC and early skin to skin contact (ESSC) provides effective thermal control with a reduced risk of hypothermia

Self work and meaning a study of Indian call centre empolyees

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In bound volumes: Copyright Deposits 1820-186

Minmax Payoffs of a Location Game

We consider a two-player, sequential location game, with n stages. At each stage, players 1 and 2 choose locations from a feasible set in sequence. After all moves are made, consumers each purchase one unit of the good from the closest location. Since player 1 has a natural first-mover disadvantage here (player 2 can obtain a payoff of ½ just by replicating player 1's moves), we examine her minmax payoff. When the number of stages is known to both players we show that (i) if the feasible locations form a finite set in R^d, player 1 must obtain at least 1/(d+1) in the single-move game (ii) in the original Hotelling game (uniformly distributed consumers on the unit interval), player 1 obtains ½ even in the multiple stage game. However, player 1's minmax payoff suffers if she does not know the number of moves, but player 2 does. In the Hotelling game, where the number of stages is either 1 or 2, player 1's payoff falls to 5/12. If she has no information at all about n, we provide a lower bound for her minmax payoff: it must at least equal half the payoff of the single-stage game