Multifunctional Gd2O3:Tm3+, Er3+, Nd3+ particles with luminescent and magnetic properties

Development of novel materials with advanced properties is one of the main research directions of chemistry. New substances are not only crucial for many current technological applications but also should satisfy the needs of tomorrow. Industry often requires reliable, economically effective methods that can provide high quality reproducible results. Here we propose an inexpensive synthesis method that is suitable for synthesis of many types of particles. In this work we focused on Gd2O3:Tm3+, Er3+, Nd3+ particles with luminescence and magnetic properties. Based on the analysis of morphology, structural and optical properties of particles prepared by the standard Pechini methods and its variations, we found that the method with K2CO3 as additive yields particles with smaller sizes (down to tens of nm), higher crystallinity, and up to 1.7 times increased luminescence intensity. We also demonstrate that the unique combination of the particles' characteristics, for example, the intensity ratio of the luminescent bands corresponding to different REI and the mass susceptibility, strongly depends on the composition, synthesis method, and structure. The variety of the combination of the properties makes these particles a promising candidate for safety markers applications.& nbsp

SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS: CLINICAL RECOMMENDATIONS. PART 1

The article presents current data on the etiology, pathogenesis, and epidemiology of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The SLE diagnosis details are considered with a description of each examination technique. Moreover, an assessment of reliability level of both evidence and recommendations for each thesis-recommendation are discussed thoroughly. The aspects of differential diagnosis and criteria for the diagnostic quality of SLE are revealed

SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS: CLINICAL RECOMMENDATIONS. PART 2

The article presents modern ideas about the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The details of the management of patients with SLE during immunosuppressive and genetically engineered therapy is given. The article also reflects the aspects of rehabilitation, prevention of exacerbations, and follow-up care of children with SLE. The criteria for assessing the quality of medical care for children with SLE are presented. The detailed information on systemic lupus erythematosus for patients with SLE and their parents is outlined specifically