Characterizing efficiency of multi-Enzyme cascade-based biofuel cells by product analysis

pre-printThe performance of biofuel cells with enzyme cascades have normally been characterized with open circuit potential, power density, and current density measurements. In this work, we demonstrate that with the method of quantitative product analysis by mass spectrometry, we can obtain other valuable information about the biofuel cell efficiency. Faradaic efficiency, coulombic efficiency and product efficiency were calculated for a six-enzyme glucose biofuel cell system. Oxidation pathway bottlenecks were determined with quantitative mass spectrometry measurements via direct infusion. These measurements and calculations give an in-depth understanding of the bioelectrocatalytic bottlenecks in the enzyme cascade for the target fuel (glucose)

A new generalized particle approach to parallel bandwidth allocation

This paper presents a new generalized particle (GP) approach to dynamical optimization of network bandwidth allocation, which can also be used to optimize other resource assignments in networks. By using the GP model, the complicated network bandwidth allocation problem is transformed into the kinematics and dynamics of numerous particles in two reciprocal dual force-fields. The proposed model and algorithm are featured by the powerful processing ability under a complex environment that involves the various interactions among network entities, the market mechanism between the demands and service, and other phenomena common in networks, such as congestion, metabolism, and breakdown of network entities. The GP approach also has the advantages in terms of the higher parallelism, lower computation complexities, and the easiness for hardware implementation. The properties of the approach, including the correctness, convergency and stability, are discussed in details. Simulation results attest to the effectiveness and suitability of the proposed approach. © 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.postprin