l-Glutamic acid hydro­chloride at 153 K

The title compound [systematic name: (S)-1,3-dicarboxy­propanaminium chloride], C5H10NO4 +·Cl−, has been investigated previously by Dawson [Acta Cryst. (1953). 6, 81–83], with R = 0.106 and without the location of H atoms, and then by Sequeira, Rajagopal & Chidambaram [Acta Cryst. (1972). B28, 2514–2519] using neutron diffraction with R = 0.043. The present determination at 153 K has R = 0.017 and all the H atoms are located. There are obvious differences in some C—C bond lengths between the present and previous studies. In the present structure, l-glutamic acid is protonated and is linked to the Cl− anion by an O—H⋯Cl hydrogen bond. The crystal structure is established by a three-dimensional network of O—H⋯O, N—H⋯O and N—H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds

Dichlorido(dipyrido[3,2-a:2′,3′-c]phenazine)manganese(II)

The complete mol­ecule of the title compound, [MnCl2(C18H10N4)2], is generated by crystallographic twofold symmetry with the Mn atom lying on the rotation axis. The Mn coordination geometry is a distorted cis-MnCl2N4 octa­hedron, arising from two N,N′-bidentate dipyrido[3,2-a:2′,3′-c]phenazine (DPPZ) ligands and two chloride ions. In the crystal structure, neighbouring mononuclear units pack together through π–π contacts between the DPPZ rings [shortest centroid–centroid distance = 3.480 (2) Å], leading to a chain-like structure along [001]. C—H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds complete the structure

FFT-LB modeling of thermal liquid-vapor systems

We further develop a thermal LB model for multiphase flows. In the improved model, we propose to use the FFT scheme to calculate both the convection term and external force term. The usage of FFT scheme is detailed and analyzed. By using the FFT algorithm spatiotemporal discretization errors are decreased dramatically and the conservation of total energy is much better preserved. A direct consequence of the improvement is that the unphysical spurious velocities at the interfacial regions can be damped to neglectable scale. Together with the better conservation of total energy, the more accurate flow velocities lead to the more accurate temperature field which determines the dynamical and final states of the system. With the new model, the phase diagram of the liquid-vapor system obtained from simulation is more consistent with that from theoretical calculation. Very sharp interfaces can be achieved. The accuracy of simulation results are also verified by the Laplace law. The FFT scheme can be easily applied to other models for multiphase flows.Comment: 34 pages, 21 figure

Correlation between Drug Compliance and Quality of Life in AIDS Patients under Effects of Nursing Intervention

Objective: Good drug compliance is the significant premise of the therapeutic efficacy and the physically healthy level could be reflected by the quality of life. It will be of great importance in enhancing the drug compliance and the quality of life for patients to firm their confidence in fighting with the disease, cooperate with treatment and prolong the lifetime through researching the nursing intervention model for AIDS patients. Based on the analysis of the effects of nursing intervention on AIDS patients’ drug compliance and quality of life, this report studies the correlation between drug compliance and quality of life in AIDS patients under effects of nursing intervention, so as to provide theoretical basis for offering reasonable scheme of nursing intervention more comprehensively, assess the effect of treatment and improve the entirely healthy level of AIDS patients. Methods: A total of 240 AIDS patients were selected as subjects randomly, who were randomized into control group and intervention group, with 120 patients in each group. Both control group and intervention group were given routine nursing measures, while intervention group was given reasonable nursing intervention measures according to nursing requirements on the basis of routine nursing. Baseline data of patients, data after 3 months of observation and data after 10 months of observation were collected using self-made Antiviral Drug Compliance Questionnaire and World Health Organization Quality of Life with 100 Questions (WHOQOL-100), followed by rank correlation analysis and regression analysis. Results: After 3 months and 10 months of nursing intervention, there was obvious rank correlation between patients’ drug compliance and quality of life in the intervention group. After 10 months of nursing intervention, the effects of drug compliance showed obvious gradual enhancement. As for domains of quality of life, after 3 months of nursing intervention, the rank correlation between drug compliance and physiology domain, independence domain and social relation domain became significant; after 10 months of nursing intervention, the rank correlation became more significant, and the rank correlation between drug compliance and psychology domain and environment domain also became significant. Conclusion: Drug compliance has direct influence on the therapeutic effects of patients, and the quality of life can improve the therapeutic effects of patients through influencing patients’ drug compliance. With the continuation of intervention measures, the effects of intervention show gradual enhancement. Keywords: AIDS; correlation; nursing intervention; treatment compliance; quality of lif

The Physiology Constant Database of Teen-Agers in Beijing

Physiology constants of adolescents are important to understand growing living systems and are a useful reference in clinical and epidemiological research. Until recently, physiology constants were not available in China and therefore most physiologists, physicians, and nutritionists had to use data from abroad for reference. However, the very difference between the Eastern and Western races casts doubt on the usefulness of overseas data. We have therefore created a database system to provide a repository for the storage of physiology constants of teen-agers in Beijing. The several thousands of pieces of data are now divided into hematological biochemistry, lung function, and cardiac function with all data manually checked before being transferred into the database. The database was accomplished through the development of a web interface, scripts, and a relational database. The physiology data were integrated into the relational database system to provide flexible facilities by using combinations of various terms and parameters. A web browser interface was designed for the users to facilitate their searching. The database is available on the web. The statistical table, scatter diagram, and histogram of the data are available for both anonym and user according to queries, while only the user can achieve detail, including download data and advanced search

Spontaneous Type 2 Diabetic Rodent Models

Diabetes mellitus, especially type 2 diabetes (T2DM), is one of the most common chronic diseases and continues to increase in numbers with large proportion of health care budget being used. Many animal models have been established in order to investigate the mechanisms and pathophysiologic progress of T2DM and find effective treatments for its complications. On the basis of their strains, features, advantages, and disadvantages, various types of animal models of T2DM can be divided into spontaneously diabetic models, artificially induced diabetic models, and transgenic/knockout diabetic models. Among these models, the spontaneous rodent models are used more frequently because many of them can closely describe the characteristic features of T2DM, especially obesity and insulin resistance. In this paper, we aim to investigate the current available spontaneous rodent models for T2DM with regard to their characteristic features, advantages, and disadvantages, and especially to describe appropriate selection and usefulness of different spontaneous rodent models in testing of various new antidiabetic drugs for the treatment of type 2 diabetes