Interest Rate Rules, Target Policies, and Endogenous Economic Growth in an Open Economy

This paper sets up an endogenous growth model of an open economy in which the monetary authority implements a gradualist interest-rate rule with targets for inflation and economic growth. We show that, under a passive rule, a monetary equilibrium exists and is unique; moreover, the equilibrium is locally determinate. Under an active rule, the open economy either generates multiple equilibria or does not have any equilibrium. If equilibria exist, the high-growth equilibrium is locally determinate while the low-growth equilibrium is a source. Besides these, the stabilization and growth effects of alternative target policies are also explored in this study.Nominal interest rate rules, gradualism, endogenous economic growth

catena-Poly[[[(1,10-phenanthroline-κ2 N,N′)zinc]-μ-pyridine-2,3-dicarboxyl­ato-κ4 N,O 2:O 2′,O 3] monohydrate]

In the title complex, {[Zn(C7H3NO4)(C12H8N2)]·H2O}n, the ZnII ion is in a distorted octa­hedral environment, defined by two N atoms from a chelating 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) ligand and one N atom and three O atoms from two pyridine-2,3-dicarboxyl­ate (2,3-pydc) ligands. The bridging 2,3-pydc ligands connect the ZnII ions into a chain extending along [010]. O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds between the uncoordinated water mol­ecules and the uncoordinated carboxyl­ate O atoms, as well as π–π inter­actions between the pyridine rings of the phen ligands [centroid–centroid distance = 3.557 (2) Å], are observed

Tris[2-eth­oxy-6-(methyl­imino­meth­yl)phenolato-κ2 N,O 1]cobalt(III) monohydrate

In the title compound, [Co(C10H12NO2)3]·H2O, the CoIII ion is coordinated by three O atoms and three N atoms from three bidentate 2-eth­oxy-6-(methyl­imino­meth­yl)phenolate ligands in a slightly distorted octa­hedral environment. The water mol­ecule connects two ligands by O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds. One terminal methyl group is disordered over two positions, with site-occupancy factors of 0.412 (15) and 0.588 (15)

Accelerated colorimetric immunosensingusing surface-modified porous monolithsand gold nanoparticles

A rapid and sensitive immunoassay platform integrating polymerized monoliths and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) has been developed. The porous monoliths are photopolymerized in situ within a silica capillary and serve as solid support for high-mass transport and high-density capture antibody immobilization to create a shorter diffusion length for antibody–antigen interactions, resulting in a rapid assay and low reagent consumption. AuNPs are modified with detection antibodies and are utilized as signals for colorimetric immunoassays without the need for enzyme, substrate and sophisticated equipment for quantitative measurements. This platform has been verified by performing a human IgG sandwich immunoassay with a detection limit of 0.1 ng ml−1. In addition, a single assay can be completed in 1 h, which is more efficient than traditional immunoassays that require several hours to complete

Effect of Nitrogen Content on Hot Deformation Behavior and Grain Growth in Nuclear Grade 316LN Stainless Steel

316LN stainless steel with 0.08%N (08N) and 0.17%N (17N) was compressed at 1073–1473 K and 0.001–10 s−1. The hot deformation behavior was investigated using stress-strain curve analysis, processing maps, and so forth. The microstructure was analyzed through electron backscatter diffraction analysis. Under most conditions, the deformation resistance of 17N was higher than that of 08N. This difference became more pronounced at lower temperatures. The strain rate sensitivity increased with increasing temperature for types of steel. In addition, the higher the N content, the higher the strain rate sensitivity. Hot deformation activation energy increased from 487 kJ/mol to 549 kJ/mol as N concentration was increased from 0.08% to 0.17%. The critical strain for initiation of dynamic recrystallization was lowered with increasing N content. In the processing maps, both power dissipation ratio and unstable region increased with increasing N concentration. In terms of microstructure evolution, N promoted dynamic recrystallization kinetic and decreased dynamic recrystallization grain size. The grain growth rate was lower in 17N than in 08N during heat treatment. Finally, it was found that N favored twin boundary formation

Bis[2,4-dichloro-6-(ethyl­imino­meth­yl)phenolato-κ2 N,O]nickel(II)

In the title compound, [Ni(C9H8Cl2NO)2], the NiII ion lies on an inversion centre and is coordinated in a slightly distorted square-planar geometry by an N and an O atom from two symmetry-related bidentate 2,4-dichloro-6-(ethyl­imino­meth­yl)phenolate ligands. In the crystal structure, there are short Cl⋯Cl distances of 3.506 (1) and 3.350 (1) Å

(E)-1-(4-Chloro­phen­yl)-3-[4-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-β-d-allopyranos­yloxy)phen­yl]prop-2-en-1-one

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C29H29ClO11, contains two independent mol­ecules of similar geometry, both adopting an E conformation about the C=C double bond. The dihedral angles formed by benzene rings are 10.73 (16) and 13.79 (18)°. The pyran­oside rings adopt a chair conformation. Intra­molecular C—H⋯O close contacts occur. The crystal packing is stabilized by inter­molecular C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds