Biodegradation of styrene in a recirculation reactor using immobilized activated sludge

The performance of immobilized cells in the biological treatment of hazardous waste was investigated using a recirculating flow reactor in batch mode. A mixed culture activated sludge from a municipal waste water treatment plant was immobilized in calcium alginate gel, The bio-oxidation ability of these microbes towards a model toxin (styrene) was studied under closed system using dilute H2O2 solution as an oxygen source. The process parameters studied were as follows: Effect of flow rate of recycle stream, Effect of biomass loading, Effect of spiking concentration of styrene, and Flow pattern and average residence time within the reactor. Dissolved oxygen concentration was monitored by a Clark type dissolved oxygen probe and also by an oxygen electrode. Biodegradation rates of styrene with two different oxygen sources, air and H2O2, were determined and compared. Abiotic losses of styrene were taken into account. It was found that biodegradation was the primary removal mechanism when H2O2 was used as oxygen source, whereas stripping was the primary removal mechanism in the case of sir, considerable adsorption of styrene on the alginate was observed initially, but all the styrene desorbed to the bulk slowly and biodegraded finally

A rare case of hydatid cyst of the interventricular septum

A Hydatid disease or Echinococcosis is a zoonotic disease caused by the larvae (metacestode) of the cestode species of the genus Echinococcus. Humans are the accidental hosts of the diseases; they usually acquire it from canines; which are the definite host. It can present with systemic cyst, while cardiac manifestation of the disease is rare, due to contractile property of the heart’s muscle fiber which provide resistance. In this case report, the patient is diagnosed with hydatid cyst in the inter ventricular septum; it’s diagnosis and its successful treatment with surgery and albendazole. As, inter ventricular septum hydatid cyst occurs in only 0.5-2% cases, it’s a unique case and its successful treatment and diagnosis can help the physicians in the future to treat a similar case as this

Potential adverse effects of long term use of Proton Pump Inhibitors

Proton-Pump Inhibitors (PPIs) have changed the therapy of numerous upper gastrointestinal tract disorders; but their use is not without risk of adverse effects. Recent studies suggest more serious adverse events with chronic use of PPIs. Because of these risks, clinicians should reassess individual patient’s needs for chronic PPI therapy

Osteo-Odonto-Keratoprosthesis (OOKP): A review International Archives of Integrated Medicine, Vol. Copy right Osteo-Odonto- patients with corneal blindness: A review -Keratoprosthesis (OOKP) for patients with corneal blindness: A review

Abstract Anatomically, the cornea is the outermost layer of the eye and is primarily responsible for light refraction which allows for central and peripheral vision. Corneal diseases are among the major causes of global blindness, secondary to cataracts. This paper Keratoprosthesis (OOKP), which is a two stage procedure whereby dental and buccal tissue is auto transplanted into eye to serve as a synthetic cornea. Our purpose is to inform readers about the relevant anatomy, two-stage pr contraindications, complications, long of OOKP. The present manuscript articles and case reports and the data was collected from 32 review articles and case reports