12 research outputs found
Student Evaluation of Online Pharmaceutical Compounding Videos
Objective. To describe pharmacy students’ views on the effectiveness of an expansion of the compounding laboratory website at the UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy
Impact of Required Versus Optional Remake of a Preparation on Pharmacy Students’ Compounding Accuracy
Objective. This retrospective study investigated the impact of a required vs an optional remake requirement on student performance in a compounding laboratory course in which students’ compounded preparations were analyzed
Video Teleconferencing in the Compounding Laboratory Component of a Dual-Campus Doctor of Pharmacy Program
Objectives. To design, implement, and assess the effectiveness of using a live video teleconferencing system to connect the main campus and a satellite campus during laboratory compounding exercises in a doctor of pharmacy (PharmD) program
The Effects of Amine-Carboxyborane Related Derivatives on UMR-106 Bone Metabolism
The amine-carboxyboranes and related derivatives have been shown to be
potent anti-inflammatory and anti-osteoporosis agents. Their action in
part appears to be mediated by the modulation of cytokines, e.g. TNFα
or IL-1. Previous studies have demonstrated that LPS induced
macrophages release of TNFα maximally at 60 to 90 min. and IL-1 from 5
to 8 hr. The amine-carboxyboranes reduced significantly the release of
these cytokines but also blocked TNFα high affinity binding to UMR-106
receptor at 90 min. at 10 μM, and IL-1 high affinity binding at 5 hr. at
12.5 μM. In addition, the agents suppressed IL-8 binding to CHO K1 high
affinity receptor at 24 hr. at 50 μM and IL-2 binding to HuT-8 receptors
at 25 μM at 90 min. and 5 hr. Correlation of metabolic events
associated with osteoporosis showed that at 90 min., when TNFα receptor
binding was reduced by the agents, calcium uptake into UMR-106 cells was
reduced at 10 μM as well as the acid and alkaline phosphatases, and the
prostaglandin cyclo-oxygenase activities and adhesion of leukocytes and
macrophages to UMR-106 cell monolayers. At 5hr. when the agents reduced
IL-1 binding to UMR-106 receptors, calcitonin and 1,25-dihydrovitamin D3
binding was reduced by the agents as was acid and alkaline phosphatase,
and 5′-lipoxygenase activities and white blood cell adhesion. At this
time calcium uptake and proline incorporation was increased
significantly by the agents. At later times e.g. 18-48 hr. calcium
uptake was still increased, and NAG activity was inhibited in the
presence of the agents. These effects may be related more to the
inhibition of other cytokine receptor binding, e.g. IL-8. Thus, many of
the observed metabolic effects of amine-carboxyboranes as antiosteoporosis
agents can be correlated with their inhibition of cytokine
high affinity binding to target cell receptors
Determination of Hydrocodone in Tussionex® Extended-Release Suspension by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)
Obesity among Scottish 15 year olds 1987–2006: prevalence and associations with socio-economic status, well-being and worries about weight
BACKGROUND:
Increases in the prevalence of child and adolescent obesity have accelerated since the mid 1980s. Socio-economic status (SES)-adiposity relationships appear less clear in adolescence than childhood, and evidence on whether increasing obesity is itself patterned according to SES is inconsistent. Increasing prevalence may have increased the tolerance, and reduced recognition of, or concern about, obesity. The aim of this study is to report the prevalence of obesity and its association with SES, well-being and worries about weight among 15-year olds in 1987, 1999 and 2006.
METHODS:
Height and weight data obtained from 15-year olds in 1987 (N = 503), 1999 (N = 2,145) and 2006 (N = 3,019), allowed categorisation of obesity (UK90 criteria). SES was represented by parental occupational class and area deprivation; psychological wellbeing by the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) and self-esteem; weight worries by 'a lot' of worry about weight.
RESULTS:
Obesity prevalence was 6.7%, 10.6% and 15.9% (males), and 5.4%, 11.5% and 14.9% (females) in 1987, 1999 and 2006. Among obese males, BMIs increased over time. There was little evidence of differentials in obesity in respect of either SES measure, and none for increased disparities over time. There was no association between obesity and GHQ-12 'caseness' or (except females in 2006) self-esteem. Weight worries were more prevalent among the obese and increased over time overall, but the obesity-weight worry relationship did not change. At each date, large proportions of the obese did not worry 'a lot' about weight, while among the non-obese, up to 18.8% males and 40.1% females (in 2006) did worry.
CONCLUSION:
Between 1987 and 2006, prevalence of obesity among Scottish 15 year olds increased around 2.5 times. However, this increasing prevalence did not impact on the obesity-weight-worry relationship. While many obese adolescents appear unconcerned about their weight, a significant minority of the non-obese worry needlessly