Microcirculatory Status and Metabolic Activity of Tissues after Local Administration of Autologous Plasma on the Model of Explosive Soft Tissue Wound in Rats

Background. The possibility of local application of autologous blood plasma (ABP) in soft tissue injuries is currently of particular interest.Objectives. Evaluation of the effects of peri-wound (perifocal) administration of ABP on red blood parameters, microcirculation and oxygen supply of soft tissues of the limb in experimental explosive wound (EW) in rats.Methods. EW was simulated on male Wistar rats (n=146) using a firecracker with a pyrotechnic mixture (patent RU No. 2741238 dated 22.01.2021). Animals were divided into 4 groups: control (2), comparison (1), main (1). The volume of blood loss in explosive wounds was 8 and 15% of the estimated circulating blood volume (CBV) of the animal. Blood was drawn from the rat tail to obtain ABP. 3 hours after the injury, ABP or 0.9% sodium chloride solution was injected intramuscularly into the explosive wound area at a rate of 2.0 ml/kg of animal weight. After 3, 7, 14, 28 days, the number of red blood cells, haemoglobin content, haematocrit were determined in the blood, and microcirculation and oxidative metabolism parameters were determined in the skeletal muscles of the injured area. The data were processed using Microsoft Excel 2013 (Microsoft, USA) and Statistica 10.0 (StatSoft Inc., USA).Results. Blood loss of 8% of the CBV in injured animals did not lead to changes in the quantitative composition of peripheral red blood. After an explosive wound with a blood loss of 15% of the CBV, there was a moderate decrease in the number of red blood cells (from 8.3×1012/l to 6.5×1012/l, p < 0.02), haemoglobin level (from 149.5 g/l to 118 g/l, p < 0.01), haematocrit (from 43.8% to 33.6%, p < 0.01) with recovery by day 7 of observation. The explosive soft tissue wound was characterized by marked post-traumatic microcirculatory disorders irrespective of the amount of blood loss. Perifocal intramuscular administration of ABP in animals with an explosive wound and blood loss of 15% CBV reduced the severity of post-traumatic microcirculatory and oxidative metabolic disorders mainly in the early post-traumatic period, as evidenced by an increase in the perfusion variation coefficient Kv by 1.2–1.3 times (p < 0.05), tissue oxygen consumption U by 20–22% (p < 0.05) and fluorescent oxygen consumption by FPC by 48% (p < 0.05).Conclusion. With an experimental explosive wound of the soft tissues of the thigh in rats, a single early (3 hours after the injury) peri-wound intramuscular administration of ABP reduces the severity of local post-traumatic microcirculatory and metabolic disorders in skeletal muscle

The efficiency of replenishment of acute blood loss by an experimental blood substitute comprising human’s umbilical cord blood red blood cells

То assess the effectiveness of the experimental blood substitute containing erythrocytes of human umbilical cord blood, were analyzed the dynamics of indicators of cardiovascular and respiratory systems, quantitative indicators of red blood, the severity of hemolysis in dogs within 24 hours after equivalent replenishment of acute blood loss for about 50% of the volume of circulating blood. The comparative drug was the adult human packed RBCs, used in clinical practice. It was found that after replenishment of blood loss in dogs, hemolytic anemia developed less pronounced after transfusion of the blood substitute with erythrocytes of human umbilical cord blood. Indicators of cardiovascular and respiratory systems were restored to the baseline in 24 hours after replenishment of acute blood loss by an experimental blood substitute with human umbilical cord blood erythrocytes with persistent changes after transfusion of the adult human packed RBCs. The relatively higher efficiency of the experimental blood substitute is due to the structural and functional stability of erythrocytes in the umbilical cord blood. A conclusion was made about the prospects of development of blood substitutes-oxygen carriers containing human umbilical cord blood erythrocytes.С целью оценки эффективности экспериментального кровезаменителя, содержащего эритроциты пуповинной крови человека, проведен анализ динамики показателей сердечно-сосудистой и дыхательной систем, количественных показателей красной крови, выраженности гемолиза у собак в течение 24 часов после восполнения острой экспериментальной кровопотери около 50% от объема циркулирующей крови. Препаратом сравнения служила эритроцитарная масса человека, используемая в клинической практике. Установлено, что после восполнения кровопотери у собак развивалась гемолитическая анемия, менее выраженная после трансфузии кровезаменителя с эритроцитами пуповинной крови человека. Показатели деятельности сердечно-сосудистой и дыхательной систем восстанавливались до исходного уровня через 24 часа после восполнения кровопотери экспериментальным кровезаменителем с эритроцитами пуповинной крови человека при сохраняющихся изменениях после вливания эритроцитарной массы человека. Сравнительно более высокая эффективность экспериментального кровезаменителя объясняется структурно-функциональной стабильностью эритроцитов пуповинной крови. Сделано заключение о перспективности разработки кровезаменителей-переносчиков кислорода, содержащих эритроциты пуповинной крови человека