Peculiarities of carrying capacity evaluations of cylindrical CFST columns with new type casing

This paper deals with a cylindrical steel-concrete load-bearing unit. The feature of the unit is a steel mesh casing that is made from the expanded metal mesh. The optimal parameters of the suggested footing are determined taking into account anisotropy, i. e. different strength and rigidity in different directions that coincide and do not coincide with the direction of reinforcement. The optimal cell angle, when a casing deformation brings about maximum compression of a concrete core, is determined. Details for theoretical calculation of the bearing capacity of a cylindrical steel-concrete load-bearing unit are provided taking into consideration a complex three-dimensional structure of the suggested mesh casing. The validity of the calculations is confirmed by comparison them with the results of the Lira software package. The results of the calculations are provided in the form of the table showing the dependence of the adduced thickness of the plate on the longitudinal movement of the strip of the steel mesh casing. The dependencies to determine the adduced thickness of the mesh casing using the graphical method are provided for all the existing types of the mesh using concrete wedges or excluding them

Fantasy at the Service of Mathematics

This article aims to introduce the reader to a book published in 2016 under the title “Amazing Tales from the Magic Wood and Famous Problems of Mathematics” by Elli Shor and Clara Ziskin. The book offers an original method of presenting mathematical facts and history through a fantasy narrative. The book’s two authors, Clara Ziskin and Alla Shmukler (Elli Shor), together with consultant psychologist Esther Williams, share here several excerpts taken from the first part of the book as well as related illustrations and mathematical riddles, so that the reader can form an informed impression of the book, its structure, and its nature

Regulation of AE2-mediated Cl− Transport by Intracellular or by Extracellular pH Requires Highly Conserved Amino Acid Residues of the AE2 NH2-terminal Cytoplasmic Domain

We reported recently that regulation by intracellular pH (pHi) of the murine Cl−/HCO3− exchanger AE2 requires amino acid residues 310–347 of the polypeptide's NH2-terminal cytoplasmic domain. We have now identified individual amino acid residues within this region whose integrity is required for regulation of AE2 by pH. 36Cl− efflux from AE2-expressing Xenopus oocytes was monitored during variation of extracellular pH (pHo) with unclamped or clamped pHi, or during variation of pHi at constant pHo. Wild-type AE2–mediated 36Cl− efflux was profoundly inhibited by acid pHo, with a value of pHo(50) = 6.87 ± 0.05, and was stimulated up to 10-fold by the intracellular alkalinization produced by bath removal of the preequilibrated weak acid, butyrate. Systematic hexa-alanine [(A)6]bloc substitutions between aa 312–347 identified the greatest acid shift in pHo(50) value, ∼0.8 pH units in the mutant (A)6342–347, but only a modest acid-shift in the mutant (A)6336–341. Two of the six (A)6 mutants retained normal pHi sensitivity of 36Cl− efflux, whereas the (A)6 mutants 318–323, 336–341, and 342–347 were not stimulated by intracellular alkalinization. We further evaluated the highly conserved region between aa 336–347 by alanine scan and other mutagenesis of single residues. Significant changes in AE2 sensitivity to pHo and to pHi were found independently and in concert. The E346A mutation acid-shifted the pHo(50) value to the same extent whether pHi was unclamped or held constant during variation of pHo. Alanine substitution of the corresponding glutamate residues in the cytoplasmic domains of related AE anion exchanger polypeptides confirmed the general importance of these residues in regulation of anion exchange by pH. Conserved, individual amino acid residues of the AE2 cytoplasmic domain contribute to independent regulation of anion exchange activity by pHo as well as pHi

THE FEATURES OF INFLATION IN RUSSIA

The objective of the report is to determine the features of inflation and the major aspects of anti-inflationary policy. The report considers the factors that lead to inflation and its characteristics. The most effective regime, promoting domestic price stability has been defined and substantiated. The statistical information has been analysed by the inflation rate in Russia in the last decade. The report has determined the relationship between inflation and economic cycles and it outlined the key issues of overcoming inflation in Russia

LIVING STANDARDS IN MODERN GERMANY

This article reflects the main directions of achieving an optimal standard of living for German citizens, determines the main aspects of its maintenance. It has been noted, that the citizens of Germany have a sufficiently high, in comparison with other countries, standard of living, all the necessary social guarantees for decent living. Today, Germany is the optimal country for living, which forms a socially-oriented economy. The most priority feature of the implemented policy of the country is, that all the rights of citizens are realized in practice, and criminality is almost not widespread

Method for Investigation of Structures for Temperature Effects

In this paper we consider the developed method which, in the presence of the appropriate indicated types of collateral, is an effective technology for performance of investigations of structures exposed to virtual temperature fields. Its distinctive features are the simplicity of experimental part, the low cost of actual experiment, the physical clarity and logical foundation of results being obtained. In the theoretical bases of the method there is the energy principle of Betty-Maxwell reciprocity of works. It was shown that thermal displacement of the element (structure) in a predetermined direction and at a given time depends on the modulus of deformation of the 1st kind E, coefficient of transverse deformations v, the thermal expansion coefficient α and the 1st invariant of deformation tensor defined in a predetermined number of points of the heated (cooled) element loaded by a single force. A program of experimental investigations is suggested. Results of a full-scale experiment are given by the example of a joint of monolithic reinforced concrete slab and column. The comparison of the values obtained experimentally and by using the proposed technique made the difference of 5- 15%. By means of expanding the technical base, the possibilities of the method can be significantly expanded. This method allows testing the types of structures varying in shape and application: bodies, shells, plates, rods, combinations thereof, etc

Photosynthetic reaction centre of Chloroflexus aurantiacus I. Primary structure of L-subunit

AbstractThe L-subunit primary structure of the reaction centre from Chloroflexus aurantiacus composed of 310 amino acid residues has been determined by parallel analysis of the protein and corresponding DNA. Significant homology between this protein and L-subunits from reaction centres of purple bacteria is observed. This implies close similarity in the tertiary structure of these proteins

Cast Reinforced Concrete Frame of Buildings and Methods of Its Erection

A novel architectural construction system was developed for erection of cast reinforced concrete building and structures wherein non-removable void-forming inserts are used to reduce weight of not only cast reinforced concrete floors, but of all basic elements of frame building. This work studies a concreting process of frame curvilinear elements using fiber concrete wet spraying and of frame horizontal and vertical elements using self-compacting concrete. Both processes of cast reinforced concrete placing enable substantial own weight reduction of structures (foundations, columns, stiffeners, floor and coating disks), optimal rib topology within flooring disk in order to equalize stresses in floor slab and attainment of complicated internal configuration of columns and stiffeners