Prevalence of cardiovascular diseases among the urban and rural geriatric population of India: A meta-analysis

Background: The geriatric population is defined as the population aged 60 years and above. Cardiovascular diseases are the most common diseases prevailing among the geriatric population of India. Cardiovascular diseases are the diseases involving heart and blood vessels. These diseases include hypertension, stroke, heart attack, heart failure, etc. Aim: The present study aimed at finding the pooled prevalence of cardiovascular diseases among the geriatric population of India by using meta-analysis. Materials and Methods: In this study, we have included various studies from different parts of India by searching databases like Google Scholar, Pub Med, etc. from the year 2003 to 2020. Meta-analysis was conducted using the random effect model in R software version 3.4.3. to compute the pooled prevalence of cardiovascular diseases among the geriatric population of India along with 95% confidence interval. Results: The prevalence of cardiovascular diseases among the geriatric Indian population included 5,426 study subjects from 20 studies in urban areas and 11,781 subjects from 29 studies conducted in rural areas of India respectively. The overall prevalence of cardiovascular diseases among geriatric population of India was 36.6% (95% CI: 31.9%-41.3%).&nbsp

Poisoning of workers working in small lead-based units

Background: No data are available with the labor departments among the workers of small-scale lead-based units with regard to lead poisoning. One hundred and ninety-five workers were investigated for lead exposure and three were found exceeding the limit of 80 mg/dL, which required a treatment for lead poisoning. Aim: To assess the exposure and health risk in workers working in small lead-based units. Setting and Design: Random sampling is selected from the cross-sectional medical study. Methods and Materials: Medical examination cum biochemical/hematological investigations along with blood lead estimation were carried out in these workers. Statistical Analysis: Epi-Info and SPSS 16.0 were used for statistical analysis. Results and Conclusion: Workers′ blood lead levels were brought down from 114.4, 110.0 and 120.6 mg/dL with treatment of D-penicillamine to 40 mg/dL. It may be concluded that lead poisoning is a preventable public health problem that particularly affects the industrial workers in small lead-based units