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Not AvailableThis technical bulletin describes about the Anthrax -at a GlanceNot Availabl

Advances in Medico-Veterinary Parasitology: An Indian perspective

Not AvailableVector surveillance mapping and control strategiesNot Availabl

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Not AvailableDescribes the role of cytokines in livestock diseasesNot Availabl

Evaluation of a recombinant major envelope protein (F1L) based indirect- ELISA for sero-diagnosis of orf in sheep and goats.

Not AvailableOrf or contagious ecthyma, is a highly contagious transboundary disease of sheep and goats. For sero-diagnosis of orf, recombinant antigen based assays are considered as alternatives to conventional approaches such as serum neutralization test (SNT) and counter-immuno-electrophoresis (CIE). A major envelope protein of orf virus (ORFV), F1L, is highly immunogenic and is a candidate for use in these assays. In this study, the F1L gene of the ORFV-59/05 strain encoding a recombinant mature F1L protein (1M-D302 aa) with a C- terminal truncation, was produced as a fusion protein (∼50 kDa) in Escherichia coli. The immunogenic potential of purified rF1L was confirmed by detecting specific anti-F1L antibody responses in sera collected from immunized rabbits and guinea pigs using ELISA and SNT. An indirect-ELISA based on rF1L was developed and optimized. In comparison to SNT by ROC analysis in the detection of ORFV specific antibodies, this new assay exhibited a diagnostic specificity of 94.04% and 92.53% with sheep and goat sera, respectively, while the sensitivity was 89.22% and 94.25%, for sheep and goat sera. No cross reactivity was noted with sera collected from small ruminants infected with other transboundary diseases (goatpox, sheeppox, peste des petits ruminants, foot-and-mouth disease and bluetongue). Furthermore, the rF1L-ELISA applied to screen the vaccinated/challenged goat sera resulted in better detection (30%) than by SNT (28%) in spite of lower levels of antibodies which could be due to predominant cell mediated immune response in vaccinated animals. This study highlighted the potential utility of rF1L protein as a safe and novel diagnostic reagent in comparison to live virus antigen, in the development of sero-diagnostic assay for surveillance of ORFV infection in sheep and goats.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableDescribes about the Anthrax disease in animalsNot Availabl

Expression and purification of recombinant type IV fimbrial subunit protein of Pasteurella multocida serogroup B:2 in Escherichia coli.

Pasteurella multocida serogroup B:2, a causative agent of haemorrhagic secpticaemia (HS) in cattle and buffalo especially in tropical regions of Asia and African countries, is known to possess a type IV fimbriae (pili) as one of the virulent factors. In the present study, ptfA gene encoding for type IV fimbrial subunit of P. multocida serogroup B:2 (strain p52), an Indian HS vaccine strain, has been cloned and over-expressed in recombinant Escherichia coli. The recombinant type IV fimbrial subunit protein (∼31 kDa) including N-terminus histidine tag was purified under denaturing condition and confirmed by western blotting. A homology model of HS causing P. multocida serogroup B:2 fimbrial subunit has also been discussed. The study indicated the potential possibilities to use the recombinant fimbrial protein in developing HS subunit vaccine along with suitable adjuvant

Structural analysis and immunogenicity of recombinant major envelope protein (rA27L) of buffalopox virus, a zoonotic Indian vaccinia-like virus

Buffalopox virus (BPXV), an Indian variant of vaccinia virus (VACV), is a zoonotic agent and affects buffaloes, cattle and humans. A27L is one of the conserved major immuno-dominant envelope proteins of orthopox viruses (OPVs) involved in viral entry/maturation and elicits neutralizing antibodies. In this study, the A27L gene of BPXV-Vij/96 strain encoding recombinant mature A27L (21S to E110) and C-terminal truncated A27L-LZD (21S to N84aa) proteins were cloned and over-expressed in Escherichia coli as fusion proteins. Structurally, A27L of BPXV was similar to that of VACV and found to contain four regions including a potential coiled-coil motif (CCM) in the centre (43 to 84aa). Oligomerization of recombinant A27L fusion protein (∼30 kDa) leads to the formation of dimer/trimers/tetramers under non-reducing conditions. Further, the purified rA27L protein was used for active immunization of rabbit (250 μg/rabbit) and adult mice (10 μg and 50 μg/mice) with or without adjuvants (FCA, alum and CpG). Immune response measured by using indirect-ELISA and SNT revealed a gradual increase in antigen specific serum IgG as well as neutralization antibody titers. Upon challenge with virulent BPXV strain, a protection of 60% was observed in suckling mice passively administered with anti-rA27L sera. No cross-reactivity of rA27L protein with hyperimmune sera against ORFV, GTPV, SPPV, PPRV, FMDV and BTV was noticed in indirect-ELISA. The study indicated that the rA27L protein is a safe and potential prophylactic as well as diagnostic antigen for buffalopox

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Not AvailableOrf virus (ORFV), a member of the genus Parapoxvirus in the family Poxviridae, is the cause of orf, a highly contagious zoonotic viral disease that affects mainly sheep and goats. In the present study, the sequence and phylogenetic analysis of Indian ORFV isolates (n = 15) from natural outbreaks in sheep and goats belonging to different geographical regions were analysed on the basis of F1L gene along with homology modelling of F1L protein. Multiple sequence alignments revealed highly conserved C-terminus and heterogeneity of N-terminus region of F1L among all orf viruses studied. Further, a comparative sequence alignment indicated conservation of various motifs such as glycosaminoglycan (GAG), Asp/Glu-any residue-Asp (D/ExD) and a Cx3C chemokine like motif among all poxviruses and unique motifs (proline rich region [PRR] and Lys-Gly-Asp [KGD]), in parapoxviruses including ORFV isolates irrespective of geography and host species. Phylogenetically, two major clusters were noticed which included Indian orf isolates along with foreign isolates. Structurally, ORFV F1L resembled the topology as exhibited by its homologue vaccinia virus H3 protein with mixed β/α folds and ligand binding specificity in docking models. We noted that despite differences in host cell specificity and pathogencity, poxvirus proteins especially ORFV F1L protein and its homologues presumed to share similarities as they are highly conserved irrespective of species and countries of origin. Further, the study also indicated the possibilities of differentiation of ORFV strains based on N-terminal heterogeneity despite highly conserved C-terminal region with conserved motifs.Not Availabl