CFD Simulation Studies on Integrated Approach of Solar Chimney and Borehole Heat Exchanger for Building Space Conditioning

In this communication, integrated approach of solar chimney and borehole heat exchanger has been studied by using computational fluid dynamics software. It is observed that, the room temperature can be maintained at 25-30 °C, at 4.9 ACH with this integrated approach in both peak summer and winter conditions. The cooling and heating effects are evaluated as 4.73-5.55 kW at 40 °C in summer and 8.27-10.56 kW at 5 °C in winter. The SC-BHE integrated system approach produced 21-37 % higher heating effect than the BHE alone system. In cooling mode SC fitted after the room in fluid circuit and it produces the induce effect for air suction from BHE along the air blower. So, integrated approach is a feasible solution for building space conditioning

Risk of premature luteinization in IVF cycles and its impact on clinical pregnancy rate

Background: Premature luteinization (PL) refers to a rise in serum progesterone (P4) levels on the day of HCG administration (1-4). Most  studies use an absolute P4 level on the day of HCG administration as an indicator of PL. This study is carried out with the aim to evaluate the incidence of premature luteinizaition (P4 >1.5ng/ml on the day of HCG) and factors influencing it in both agonist and antagonist cycles & its effect on clinical outcome.Methods: 400 Patients treated by IVF/ICSI at Jaipur fertility centre (ART Unit of Mahatma Gandhi University of Medical Sciences and Technology) from January 2014 to June 2015 were included in this retrospective clinical study. 200 patients were taken in agonist group and 200 in antagonist group. Ovulation induction was given with r-FSH/HMG in both protocols. P4 along with E2, LH and number of oocytes on the day of HCG were taken for study.Results: Premature luteinization or PL (P4 > 1.5 ng/ml) was noticed in 16% cases in the agonist group and 6% in the antagonist group (p-0.002). In our study the factors predisposing to PL were agonist protocol (16%  Vs. 6%, p-0.002), total dose of gonadotrophins > 2000 IU ( 17.69 % Vs. 2.29, p-0.000), >10 follicles of > 14mm on the day of HCG with E2 Levels > 2500 pg/ml (33.33 % Vs. 0%, p-0.000) in agonist protocol and (17.39% Vs. 2.59%, p-0.000) in antagonist protocol.The clinical pregnancy rate was significantly reduced in cases with PL (32.73% Vs 12.5%, p-0.037) in agonist group. Though the difference was not statistically significant in antagonist group (32.97% Vs 8.33 %, P-0.144),this could be due to large difference in the proportion of sample size.Conclusions: Despite the use of GnRH analogues, risk of premature rise of progesterone is still there. The risk mainly depends on ovarian response. The high responders with high no of > 14mm follicles, high E2 Levels > 2500 pg/ml and high doses of gonadotrophins used are associated with high risk of PL. As premature rise in P4 level has significant Impact on clinical pregnancy rate (CPR), identification of high risk factors & their proper management can reduce the incidence of PL & cycle cancellation rate as well as can improve the clinical outcome

Predictive value of subendometrial – endometrial blood flow assessment by transvaginal 3D power doppler on the day of HCG on clinical outcome of IVF cycles

Background: The objective of the study was to evaluate the role of subendometrial-endometrial blood flow assessment by 3D Tran-vaginal Power Doppler in predicting pregnancy outcome in IVF-ET cycles. The study was a prospective, non-randomized clinical study.Methods: A total of 107 infertile women undergoing their first IVF-ET cycle with good response were taken for study (From March 2014 to Nov 2014 at Jaipur Fertility Centre, ART unit of Mahatma Gandhi University of Medical Sciences & Technology). Women with Tubal factor, Male factor and unexplained infertility were included in the study. Those with past h/o Genital Koch’s and hypo menorrhea were excluded. Assessment of subendometrial-endometrial blood flow was done on the day of HCG with endometrial thickness ≥ 6.5mm by Tran-vaginal 3D- Power Doppler.Results: There was no significant difference in mean age, duration of infertility, BMI, cause of infertility, stimulation protocol, serological hormone levels, number of mature oocytes, number of good quality embryos and mean endometrial thickness on the day of HCG. According to Doppler study (3D-Power Doppler), women with blood flow to zones 1, 2 and 3 were categorized in to groups A (n=15), B (n=36) and C (n=56).  Overall pregnancy rate was 32.71%. The clinical pregnancy rate was significantly higher in Group C in comparison of Group B and A (42.85% vs. 27.77% and 6.66%). Similarly implantation rate was also higher in group C (23.20% vs. 11.22% and 2.38%).Conclusions: The presence of good subendometrial-endometrial vascularity significantly improves pregnancy outcome in IVF-ET cycles in our study.

STRUCTURAL ELUCIDATION OF BIOACTIVE SECONDARY METABOLITES FROM ENDOPHYTIC FUNGUS

Objective: In this research for bioactive secondary metabolites from endophytic fungal isolate CPR5, which was later identified and characterized as Aspergillus niger sp.Methods: Eight bioactive compounds (1-8) were isolated and purified using a series of chromatographic techniques and identified by applying 13C and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance and mass (ESI-MS spectrometry).Results: All the compounds were tested for antimicrobial activity against a wide range of human and plant pathogenic bacteria as well as fungi. These microorganisms were, Xanthomonas oryzae, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus pneumonia, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus hyicus, Bacillus sphaericus, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans, Sclerotium rolfsii, Sclerotinia, scleratiourum, and Phoma exigua minimum inhibitory concentration value have also been determine for these microorganism.Conclusion: In this study, a total 10 endophytic fungi were isolated from the Calotropis procera, show a great antibacterial activity against 24 human pathogenic bacteria

Optimization of process parameters for production of antimicrobial metabolites by an endophytic fungus Aspergillus sp. CPR5 isolated from Calotropis procera root.

Objective:To study the antimicrobial activity of crud ethylacetate  extract from endophytic fungus in Calotropis procera root.Methods:Endophytic fungus was screened for production of antimicrobial metablites.fermentation was carried out in 500 ml Erlenmeyer flask. Disc diffusion method was used to test antimicrobial activity of crude extract using chloramphenicol sulphate and Flucnazole as positive controleRessults: A total of fourteen Endophytic fungi were isolated (CPR1- CPR14). Among these fourteen isolates, CPR5 was found to show maximum antimicrobial activity, in compare to other isolates, against gram positive, gram negative bacteria and fungi. The antimicrobial activity was tested against Escherichia coli. Pseudomonas aeroginosa, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Ralstonia solanacearum, Xanthomonas oryzae, Penicillium chrysogenum, Candida albicans, Phoma exigua, Sclerotium rolfsii and Sclerotinia scleratiourum. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of crude extract against test microorganisms was determined. Fungus was identified as aspergillus sp. Prduction parameters (Temprature, pH, Carbon source, Nitrgen surce, Sdium Chlride concentration) were optimized.Conclusion:  Crud  extract produced by the isolated endophytic fungus could be an important source of broad spectrum antimicrobial metabolites. Keywords: Endophytic fungi, Antimicrobial metabolites, Process optimization, Calotropis procera, Inhibition zone

Effect of edible dyes on value addition and post-harvest life of tuberose spikes

Tuberose is one of the most imperative bulbous crops with white fragrant florets, used for loose as well as cut flowers. All the commercial varieties have white colour flower only which is limiting factor in its popularity and marketing. By using edible dyes this issue may be solved for getting higher price in market as well as consumers satisfaction. An investigation was carried out to study the effect of food dyes on value addition and post harvest life of cut spikes of tuberose cv. Local Double in completely randomized design with factorial concept consisting thirty-six treatment combinations and one absolute control. Different treatments of food dyes and immersion time considerably induced colour in tuberose spikes without affecting postharvest life. The results revealed that 4% lemon yellow food dye with one hour immersion of tuberose cut spikes was found best in improving vase life (6.02 days), floret diameter (3.29 cm), opening of florets (49.66%) and visual appearance with minimum physiological loss in weight (16.91 % and 34.04 % at second and fourth day, respectively). Tinted tuberose cut spikes aids higher net return than white flowers, which will benefit farmers in fetching good prices

Influence of Auxins on Rooting Efficacy in Carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.) Cuttings

Effect of various auxins (IBA, IAA and NAA) on different types of cuttings was investigated to determine efficacy of auxins in promoting rooting in carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.). Auxin and type of cutting significantly affected rooting traits. NAA was found to be more effective in promoting early rooting and inducing profuse rooting, root number, fresh and dry weight of roots and longer roots. Among the auxins used, earliest rooting (18.69 days), highest rooting percentage (58.70 %), number of roots (13.18), root length (12.26 cm), and, highest fresh and dry weight of roots (4.93g and 45.08 mg), respectively, were obtained with NAA @ 500 ppm. Tip cuttings responded better in rooting-characteristic of carnation - than basal cuttings, and recorded highest rooting percentage (73.02 %) and number of roots (12.25), longest roots (10.04cm) and maximum fresh and dry weight of roots (4.27 g and 43.19 mg), respectively. Interaction effect of auxin and cutting type was found to the significant, and highest rooting percentage, (85.26%), number of roots (18.36), longest roots (14.81cm), and highest fresh and dry weight of roots (6.85g and 68.02mg), respectively, observed with NAA @ 500 ppm in tip cuttings

Study of prevalence of secondary hyperparathyroidism in chronic renal failure in hadoti region

Background: Secondary hyperparathyroidism is known and early complication of chronic renal failure patients. Aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of secondary hyperparathyroidism and correlation between serum parathyroid hormone level with biochemical parameters in renal failure patients in tertiary care hospital in Kota, Rajasthan.Methods: A cross sectional observational study was carried out in 50 patients who had creatinine clearance of 30ml/min/1.73m2 or less for greater than 6 weeks attended the OPD of department of General Medicine, New Medical College hospital, Kota, Rajasthan from May 2018 to November 2018. Investigations like complete blood count, renal function test, urine routine microscopy and USG abdomen with serum parathyroid hormone, serum phosphorus, serum calcium levels were done. Serum parathyroid hormone level was done by calorimetric method.Results: The prevalence of secondary hyperparathyroidism in our study was 72%.In hyperparathyroidism patient’s serum calcium level was low and the difference was highly significant (p<0.001). There is negative correlation between S.PTH and S. calcium level (r=-0.536). Mean serum calcium level in our study is 1.6mmol/l. In hyperparathyroidism patient’s serum phosphate level was high and the difference was highly significant (p<0.001). There was positive correlation between S.PTH and S.PO4 level (r=0.402). Mean serum phosphorus level in our study is 5.7 mg/dl. Prevalence of hyperparathyroidism was high among CRF patients with normal BP than hypertensive patients and with normal sugar than diabetics but the difference in proportion was not significant (p=0.87, p=0.98 respectively). 90% patients were on haemodialysis while 10% patients were on conservative management.Conclusions: Early detection of secondary hyperparathyroidism in chronic renal failure patients can reduce its complications like bone fracture and cardiovascular complications