Analysis of the Effect of Distributed Generation on Loss Reduction in Electrical Distribution Network

Distribution network is said to be the most visual part of the electric production and the most observed by the utilities for investment, maintenance and operation. The system have been operated under stressed conditions due to limited structure and increasing day to day requirement of power consumption, which have a significant economic and social impact on the system. Due to the system high resistance to impendence ratio, large amount of power loss occur in the network. This loss is the most severity factors affecting the power quality delivered to the end users and depend on power network expansion and load complexity. Among the support methods available for power loss minimization in distribution network, strategic allocation of Distributed Generation (DG) in distribution system is widely considered a viable option. DGs are electrical sources connected to the power network located to consumer’s side but very small when compared with the centralized power plant. They can be in form of wind, mini-hydro, photovoltaic and fuel-based system such as fuel cells and micro-turbines. Therefore, in this study, different approaches for power loss minimization in electrical distribution system with the incorporation of DG by various researchers were reviewed. These approaches have become powerful tools to overcome the problem of power loss minimization in distribution system. Keywords: Distribution System, Power Loss. Distributed Generation, Power Consumption, Photovoltaic System, Centralized Power Plant. DOI: 10.7176/JETP/11-6-02 Publication date: November 30th 202

Application of System Reliability Indices in Electric Power System

System reliability indices deal with the adequacy of overall system supply and indicates the system behaviour and response. The index express interruption statistics in terms of the customers which can be an individual, firm, or organization that purchases electric services at one location under one rate classification, contract or schedule. The system reliability indices include: System Average Interruption Frequency Index (SAIFI), System Average Interruption Duration Index (SAIDI), Customer Average Interruption Duration Index (CAIDI), Average Service Availability Index (ASAI), Average Service Unavailability Index (ASUI), Expected Energy Not Supplied (EENS) and Average Energy Not Supplied (AENS). These indices are used as performance evaluation for power system reliability assessment. This assessment helps in system planning for long and short terms. This study therefore focuses reviewed past study on application of SAIFI, SAIDI and CAIDI for system reliability assessment on electric power system. These indices imply how often an average customer experiences sustained interruption over a predefined time of year and they are most used reliability indices for power system. Keywords: Reliability Indices, SAIDI, SAIFI, CAIDI, ASAI, ASUI, AENS, Reliability Assessment. DOI: 10.7176/JETP/11-6-03 Publication date: November 30th 202

A Comparative Review of Power Systems Faults Prediction Models

Electrical faults such as in short circuit conditions in power systems result to outages which minimize the reliability of electrical power system due to the equipment failures such as transformers, human error, rotating machines and environmental conditions. These hindering the flow of electricity, damage to equipment and cause death of humans and animals. In view of these, a fault study is routinely performed by utility engineers. However, there were several methods employed by researchers to monitor the states of some important components in power network such as switchgear and transformers, likewise to predict the fault details in all parts of power system. Thus, in this study, different approaches of fault prediction model of power system employed by researchers were reviewed. These approaches have become powerful tools to mitigate the problem of fault occurrence in power system because these tests are carried out more frequently by utilities. This study therefore will help in future planning and smooth operation of the power system and encourage concerned authority to take adequate steps to guide against the predicted faults details in power system. Keywords: Electrical Fault, Reliability, Power System, Short Circuit, Utilities, Equipment Failure DOI: 10.7176/CEIS/12-3-02 Publication date: November 30th 202