A Commutative Family of Integral Transformations and Basic Hypergeometric Series. I. Eigenfunctions

It is conjectured that a class of n-fold integral transformations {I(alpha)|alpha in {C}} forms a mutually commutative family, namely, we have I(alpha) I(beta)=I(beta) I(alpha) for all alpha, beta in {C}. The commutativity of I(alpha) for the two-fold integral case is proved by using several summation and transformation formulas for the basic hypergeometric series. An explicit formula for the complete system of the eigenfunctions for n=3 is conjectured. In this formula and in a partial result for n=4, it is observed that all the eigenfunctions do not depend on the spectral parameter alpha of I(alpha).Comment: Basic parameters are replaced to make the notation consistent with the standard Macdonald polynomials: q is replaced by t, and p^{1/2} is replaced by

Wilson Loops in Open String Theory

Wilson loop elements on torus are introduced into the partition function of open strings as Polyakov's path integral at one-loop level. Mass spectra from compactification and expected symmetry breaking are illustrated by choosing the correct weight for the contributions from annulus and M\"obius strip. We show that Jacobi's imaginary transformation connects the mass spectra with the Wilson loops. The application to thermopartition function and cosmological implications are briefly discussed.Comment: 5 pages, no figur