メロンとキュウリのＡＣＣ合成酵素遺伝子の構造的特徴とＧＵＳトランジェントアッセイによるプロモーター活性

In orader to clarify the differences in regulatory mechanism(s) of the expression of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate(ACC) synthase(ACS)genes during ripening in climacteric melon fruit and non-climacteric cucumber fruit, two sets of their genomic DNA sequences, including ca. 2kb of the promoter regions were determined, using PCR-based methods. ACS genes from melon (CMe-ACS1,2) were structurally similar to their counterpart from cucumber (CS-ACS1,2) in terms of size and position of exons and introns, restriction map, and sequencd identity of exeons, introns, proximal 5'-flanking promoter regions and splice junction. Southern blot analysis indicated that each ACS gene is present as a single copy. Transient promoter activity was investigated with two constructs of promoter-β-glucuronidase (GUS) fusion, CMe-ACS1:GUS and CS-ACS1:GUS, in mature mesocarp tissue of the two fruits. In melon disks, GUS activities conferred by the promoters of both CS-ACS1 (-2098～+42) and CMe-ACS-1(-2187～+67) were detected, which were decreased by treatment with 1-methylcyclopropene(1-MCP), an ethylene action inhibitor. In cucumber disks, however, only CS-ACS1:GUS was expressed; the activity was decreased with 1-MCP, and it was not affected by propylene. These results suggest that the promoter of CS-ACS1 has a potential to be expressed in the mesocarp tissue of ripening melon fruit, and that the difference in ethylene biosynthesis between melon and cucumber during ripening may be due to the difference in capability of forming trans-acting factor(s), not due to their ACS1 promoter activities.クライマクテリック型果実のメロンとノンクライマクテリック型果実のキュウリの果実追熟に伴う１-アミ ノシクロプロパン-１-カルボン酸（ACC）合成酵素（ACS）遺伝子の発現調節機構の相違を明らかにするた めに，それぞれ２種類のACSのゲムノDNA配列（約２kb）をPCR法を基にして決定した．メロンのACS 遺伝子は，エキソンとイントロンのサイズおよび位置，制限酵素地図，エキソン・イントロン・近位の５’上 流プロモーター領域・スプライシング部位の塩基配列において，それぞれ対応するキュウリのACS遺伝子 とよく似た構造をしていた．サザンブロック解析の結果，各ACS遺伝子はシングルコピーとして存在する と考えられた．CMe-ACS1とCS-ACS1の一過的プロモーター活性をβ-グルクロニダーゼ（GUS）をレポ ーター遺伝子として両果実の成熟果肉を用いて調べた．メロン切片では，CS-ACS1（－2098～＋42）なら びにCMe-ACS1（－2187～＋67）のプロモーター発現によるGUS活性が検出され，エチレン作用阻害剤 の１-メチルシクロプロペン（１-MCP）処理によって減少した．しかし，キュウリ切片においては，CS-ACS1： GUSのみでGUSが発現し，活性は１-MCP処理で減少し，プロピレン処理ではコントロールと同レベル であった．これらの結果より，CS-ACS1のプロモーターがメロン成熟果肉組織で発現する潜在能力をもつ こと，メロンとキュウリの成熟に伴うエチレン生合成の相違はACS1プロモーター活性によるものではなく， 両者のトランス因子合成能の相違によることが示唆された

クモ膜下出血による脳組織の代謝障害について

金沢大学医学部研究課題/領域番号:X00120----987069, 研究期間(年度):1974出典：「クモ膜下出血による脳組織の代謝障害について」研究成果報告書　課題番号：X00120----987069（KAKEN：科学研究費助成事業データベース（国立情報学研究所）） （https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/ja/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-X00120----987069/）を加工して作

排尿機能の中枢機序

金沢大学医学部研究課題/領域番号:X44120-----70026, 研究期間(年度):1969出典：研究課題「排尿機能の中枢機序」課題番号 X44120-----70026（KAKEN：科学研究費助成事業データベース（国立情報学研究所）） （https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-X44120-----70026/）を加工して作

脳血管障害(とくに脳出血)時における急性期病態生理学的研究

金沢大学医学部研究課題/領域番号58480300, 研究期間(年度):1983 – 1984出典：研究課題「脳血管障害(とくに脳出血)時における急性期病態生理学的研究」課題番号58480300（KAKEN：科学研究費助成事業データベース（国立情報学研究所）） （https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/ja/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-58480300/）を加工して作

Cognitive dysfunction and amyloid β accumulation are ameliorated by the ingestion of green soybean extract in aged mice

AbstractThe effects of soybean extracts were investigated in senescence-accelerated (SAMP10) mice, a mouse model of brain senescence with cognitive dysfunction. Mature soybeans are usually yellow. However, the green soybean retains green color after being ripened. Cognitive functions were significantly better-preserved in aged mice fed green soybean than age-matched control mice with or without yellow soybean feeding. Molecular mechanisms of the beneficial effect of green soybean on brain functions were examined through transcriptome analysis of SAMP10 hippocampus. The high expression of Ptgds was significantly associated with green soybean diet, which encodes lipocalin-type prostaglandin D2 synthase, a putative endogenous amyloid β(Αβ)-chaperone. In consonance, Aplp1 expression was significantly reduced, a member of amyloid precursor proteins. Furthermore, the amount of Aβ 40 and 42 was reduced in the insoluble fraction of cerebral cortex. These results suggest that the intake of green soybean ameliorates cognitive dysfunction of aged mice through the reduction of Aβ accumulation

Mutations in the hepatitis B virus preS2 region and abrogated receptor activity for polymerized human albumin.

The preS2 region of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) has been reported to have human polymerized albumin receptor (PAR) activity, which correlates with viral replication. Here, we studied the genomic sequence of the preS region from rare patients lacking PAR activity, despite active viral replication. PAR and DNA polymerase activity was identified in 178 HBe antigen-positive HBV carriers, and a significant correlation between 2 markers was shown, except in 2 hepatitis patients lacking PAR activity. Nucleotide sequences of the preS region of HBV from both patients were examined by direct sequencing of PCR products. In one patient, a 45-base deletion was found to overlap half of the putative polymerized human albumin binding site in the preS2 region. In the other patient, a point mutation at the first nucleotide of the start codon of the preS2 region of HBV was found. There was no such genomic change in the 3 control HBV sequences. These results indicate that the preS2 region is necessary for binding of polymerized human albumin, and this is the first report of naturally existing mutant virus with no or low PAR activity.</p

Vagus-macrophage-hepatocyte link promotes post-injury liver regeneration and whole-body survival through hepatic FoxM1 activation

The mechanisms underlying the regenerative capacity of the liver are not fully understood. Here, the authors show that the acute regenerative response to liver injury in mice is regulated by the communication involving the vagus nerve, macrophages, and hepatocytes, leading to hepatic FoxM1 activation and promotion of overall survival